Cosmology with Strong Lensing Systems Zhu, Zong-Hong , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cosmology with Strong Lensing Systems Zhu, Zong-Hong , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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2 nd APCTP-TUS Workshop on Dark Energy, Tokyo 2015 Cosmology with Strong Lensing Systems Zhu, Zong-Hong , (zhuzh@bnu.edu.cn) Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China , 100875,

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Cosmology with Strong Lensing Systems Zhu, Zong-Hong 朱, 宗 宏

(zhuzh@bnu.edu.cn)

Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 北京 師範 大学, 北京 100875, 中国 & Biesiada, Cao, Covone, Gavazzi, Godlowski, Pan, Piórkowska, Sereno , Yu

2nd APCTP-TUS Workshop on Dark Energy, Tokyo 2015

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Cosmology with strong lensing systems

Ø Cosmology from strong lensing systems

S.Cao, M.Biesiada, R.Gavazzi, A.Piórkowska, Z-HZ 2015 ApJ 806, 185

Ø Testing the dark energy with gravitational lensing statistics

S.Cao, G.Covone, Z-HZ 2012 ApJ 755, 31

Ø Constraints on cosmological models from lens redshift data

  • S. Cao & Z-HZ 2012 A&A 538, A43

Ø Constraints on cosmological models from strong GL systems

  • S. Cao, Y. Pan, M. Biesiada, W. Godlowski, Z-HZ 2012 JCAP 03, 016

Ø Testing and selecting dark energy models with lens redshift data

  • S. Cao & Z-HZ 2011 PRD 84, 023005

Ø

Combining optical and X-ray observations of galaxy clusters to constrain cosmological parameters

  • H. Yu & Z-HZ 2011 RAA 84, 023001

Ø Testing the DGP model with gravitational lensing statistics

Z-HZ & M. Sereno 2008 A&A 487, 831

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Betoule, et al. (2014)

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n Cosmology from time delay

  • Strong lensing time delay challenge (TDC)

n Cosmology from standard lensing statistics n Cosmology from lens redshift distributions n Cosmology from Dds/Ds of strong lensing systems

Cosmology with strong lensing systems

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Basics of gravitational lensing

n Light rays are deflected by gravity.

Ø One consequence of Einstein’s General Relativity

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Lens equation Lens equation relates true source position β to the

  • bserved image position θ

Multiple images occur when lens equation has multiple solutions

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Lens equation: Singular Isothermal Sphere (SIS)

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Basics of gravitational lensing statistics

n Cosmological constraints (Ωm, Ωx, wx) n Gravitational lensing statistics

l (e.g., Turner et al. 1984; Fukugita et al. 1992; Kochanek

1993; Chae 2007; Oguri et al. 2008; Zhu et al. 2008)

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Number density of galaxies

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Cosmological constraints: Chae 2007

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Cosmological constraints: Oguri et al. 2008

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Cosmological constraints: Zhu & Sereno 2008

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n Cosmology from time delay

  • Strong lensing time delay challenge (TDC)

n Cosmology from standard lensing statistics n Cosmology from lens redshift distributions n Cosmology from Dds/Ds of strong lensing systems

Cosmology with strong lensing systems

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Lens redshift test: Kochanek 1992

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Number density of galaxies

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  • S. Cao & Z.-H. Zhu 2011

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Combined with BAO and BAO +CMB

Cosmological constraints from lens redshift data

  • S. Cao & Z.-H. Zhu 2011

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Testing and selecting dark energy models

  • S. Cao & Z.-H. Zhu 2012

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A difference in BIC (ΔBIC) of 2 is considered

positive evidence against the model with the higher BIC; A ΔBIC of 6 is considered strong evidence.

Selecting models: BIC

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Testing and selecting dark energy models

  • S. Cao & Z.-H. Zhu 2012

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  • S. Cao, G. Covone & Z.-H. Zhu 2012

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n Cosmology from time delay

  • Strong lensing time delay challenge (TDC)

n Cosmology from standard lensing statistics n Cosmology from lens redshift distributions n Cosmology from Dds/Ds of strong lensing systems

Cosmology with strong lensing systems

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Dds/Ds : from Einstein radius and velocity dispersion

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Ratio determined by cosmological models

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Galaxy clusters: as cosmological probes

] Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements +

X-ray observations

] Large sample of clusters of galaxies ] Gas mass fraction, fgas ] Lensing clusters + X-ray measurements

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where ne0 is the central electron density, βx describes the slope, and rc stands for the core radius.

Galaxy clusters: emission of X-ray

When a galaxy cluster is relaxed enough, the hydrostatic isothermal spherical symmetric β-model (Cavaliere & Fusco-Femiano, 1976) can be used to describe the intracluster medium(ICM) density profile:

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Assuming all the gases are isothermal (with the temperature Tx), the gravity of relaxing cluster and its gas pressure should balance each other according to the hydrostatic equilibrium condition. With the approximation of spherical symmetry we can estimate mass distribution using gas density, which comes from x-ray luminosity fitting result. The cluster mass profile can be given by

Galaxy clusters: mass profile

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Galaxy clusters: Dds/Ds

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Dds/Ds : data obtained Yu & Zhu 2011

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Dds/Ds : more data Bonamente et al., 2006

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Dds/Ds : more data Kubo et al., 2010

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Cosmological constraints from Dds/Ds

  • S. Cao, Y. Pan, M. Biesiada, W. Godlowski, Z-HZ 2011

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Biesiada et al., 2010

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New ideas for this method:

  • Work on larger well-defined samples!
  • Consider the evolution of lens mass density profile!

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SLACS 57 lenses BELLS 25 lenses SL2S 31 lenses LSD 5 lenses Total 118 lenses Lensing Sample

the Sloan Lens ACS Survey, BOSS emission-line lens survey, Lens Structure and Dynamics, and Strong Lensing Legacy Survey

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Cao et al. (2015)

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Cao et al. (2015)

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Cao et al. (2015)

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Cao et al. (2015)

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Cao et al. (2015)

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From SN Union2.1 From strong lensing

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Conclusion & perspectives

n

Strong lensing systems with known central velocity dispersions are a new class of "standard rulers“ (Einstein radius being standardized by stellar kinematics)

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Measurements of time delays between images – will provide distances not just distance ratios!

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Strong lens redshift test, which is independent of magnification bias, can be a complementarity to other cosmological probes.

n

Strong lensing systems will be abundant because of existing surveys such as CLASS, SLACS, SL2S, SQLS, AEGIS, COSMOS,

CASSOWARY, BELLS, and new projects such as Pan-STARRS, LSST, JDEM / IDECS3, SKA4.

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Beijing Normal University: main building

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Beijing Normal University: astronomy department

n Founded in 1960

— the second Department of Astronomy (DA) at Universities in China

n Staff: 25+4

— a modern Astrophysics Lab — an Astronomy Detection Technology Lab — an Accurate Satellite Orbit Determination Lab — an Astronomical Observations Lab

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Beijing Normal University: astronomy department — Undergraduate student: ～25 /year; Graduate student: ～20 /year; In total: ～160 students in astronomy. — Master's degree in 3 areas: Astrophysics, Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics, Optics. — Ph.D. degree: Astrophysics.

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－Equipments: two 40-cm telescopes on the campus;

  • ne radio telescope on the campus;

¼ time of a 85-cm telescope at XL; A computer room for students.

Beijing Normal University: astronomy department

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n Research funding:

～50,000 ＄/person/year

n Funding sources:

National Natural Science Foundation Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Education Beijing Local Government Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Normal University etc.

Beijing Normal University: astronomy department

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n Research fields:

－Cosmology －Stellar physics variable stars, massive stars, stellar evolution. －Quasar & Galaxy －High energy astrophysics －Laboratory astrophysics

Beijing Normal University: astronomy department

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My group

n Staff:

－Prof.M Biesiada & Dr.S Cao,Z Li: Cosmology －Prof.P Tozzi & Dr.H Yu: X-ray clusters －Prof.M Hendry, H Siong & Dr. F Zhang: GWs, NR

n Students:

－PhD student: 8 －MSc Graduate student: 7 －Undergraduate student: 3

n Research fields

－Cosmology: DE , Lensing, X-ray clusters

－Gravitational waves

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