CorALit : a Tool for Discovering Lithuanian Academic Identity - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CorALit: a Tool for Discovering Lithuanian Academic Identity

Aurelia Usonienė Birutė Ryvitytė Jolanta Šinkūnienė aurelia@usonis.lt birute.ryvityte@flf.vu.lt jolanta2palmeris@gmail.com

Background (Gotti 2007)

 Globalisation & extensive scientific

collaboration promotes

 spread of E as lingua franca in

international communication

 possible transfer of Anglocentric textual

models

 move towards global communicative

models

 ? Hybrid identity of academic discourse

TOOL

CADIS - Corpus of Academic English (2005)

 to analyse the most significant macro- microlinguistic variants in terms of identity, evaluation and interpretation

 speech acts expressing positive/negative

evaluation;

 the pragmatic, interpersonal plane of

discourse (stance, hedging, politeness);

 the function of verbal and lexical modality;

KIAP project (Norway 2002 – 2006) Cultural Identities and Academic Voices (Fløttum e.a. 2007)

 Corpus-based analysis (3 million words)

 E vs. F vs. NO

 Disciplines

 economics – linguistics - medicine

 Features analysed

 Markers of epistemic modality

CorALit: purpose

Corpus of Academic Lithuanian

 to be used for linguistic research of academic

discourse

 to facilitate understanding of identity-forming

features

 to reveal presence/absence of signs of (cultural)

resistance to ‘hybridisation’

 to explore the impact of E as lingua franca on

the identity of academic LT

Corpus design and structure

funded by the Lithuanian State Science and Studies Foundation (2007-2009)

 Specialised

 biomedical, humanities, social, physical,

technological sciences

 Comparable (across disciplines)  Encoded (TEI 5P guidelines)  Written texts  Synchronic

Size and structure

5 221 874 1 225 TOTAL: 547 030 81 T 1 459 098 344 S 430 806 70 P 2 114 543 449 H 670 397 281 B No of words No of texts Science areas

Structure: Text types 1 868 074 84

books

3 167 834 990

articles

130 571 144

reviews, summaries, abstracts, etc. No of words No of texts Text type

Lexical saturation

Academic discourse

 “involves a complex cognitive and linguistic

activity whereby writers construct ideal texts with particular reading audiences in mind, and seek, in realising those ideal texts, to design their discursive structures and to realise their lexico-grammatical textualisations to match the conventions of the genres within which they are writing and the <...> expectancies and competencies of the readership they have in mind.”

(Hyland 2000:xv)

Author’s presence in academic LT

 ATTITUDE

Epistemic qualification

 Probability  Source of info/knowledge

Evaluation Subjectivity

Realizations of Ep in LT Epistemic adverbials in LT

 Modal words (gal, galbūt, turbūt)  Particles (bemaž, kažin, gal, turbūt)  Adverbs (mažne, tikriausiai)

Frequency lists

 Grumadienė and Žilinskienė 1997;

 a lemmatised frequency list of the 1, 2M-

word corpus of written Lithuanian

 Andrius Utka

 frequency list  60M-word Corpus of

Contemporary Lithuanian Language (CCLL: http://donelaitis.vdu.lt/)

Top frequency

 Particle gal (‘perhaps/maybe/whether’)

 99th

CCLL:

 gal  92; galbūt (‘maybe’)  388  turbūt (‘probably’)  758

Academic vs. News (f/1000)

0.05 0.03 REGIS (‘apparently’) 0.04 0.10

AKIVAIZDU (‘evidently’)

0.11 0.05 TURBŪT (‘probably’) 0.20 0.12 GALBŪT (‘maybe’) 0.71 0.11 GAL (‘perhaps’)

News LT CCLL Academic LT CorALit Epistemic Adverbials

LT: Academic vs. News (f/1000)

0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8

gal galbūt turbūt akivaizdu regis

Academic CorALit News CCLL

GAL (‘perhaps’) in CorALit

LT: Tokia klasifikacija gal ir nėra labai tiksli, tačiau šių šalių valdymo bruožai skiriasi (S) E: ‘‘Perhaps this classification is not very exact, but the features of management

• f those countries are different’ (S)

AKIVAIZDU (‘evidently’) in CorALit

LT: Šiuolaikinės istoriografijos istorijos kritinis potencialas, akivaizdu, nėra suprantamas kaip istorikų rūšiavimas į „baltuosius“ ir „juoduosius“. (H) E: ‘The critical potential of contemporary historiographical history is evidently not understood as sorting historians into “white” and “black”.’ (H)

REGIS (‘apparently’) in CorALit

LT: Tokia meno tradicijos samprata estetui, regis, buvo priimtiniausia. (H) E: ‘Such a concept of art tradition apparently was the most acceptable for the aesthete.’ (H)

BNC: Academic vs. News (f/1000)

0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35

perhaps maybe probably evidently apparently

Academic BNC News BNC

Academic LT: across science areas

0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,14 0,16 0,18

gal galbūt turbūt akivaizdu regis

H S P B T

Specialized vocabulary (f/1000)

CorALit

• vs. CCLL

 sistemin(is/ė)

0.10 0.01

 sistemišk(as/a)

0.01 0.00(260)

 sisteming(as/a)

0.03 0.01

 sistematin(is/ė)

0.00(9) 0.00 (43)

 sistemating(as/a)

0.00 (9)

 sistematišk(as/a)

0.00(1) 0.00 (21)

Across science areas (CorALit) (f/1000)

0.00

sistematišk(as/a) sistemating(as/a)

0.01 0.01 0.00

sistematin(is/ė)

0.01 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02

sisteming(as/a)

0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01

sistemišk(as/a)

0.07 0.35 0.09 0.04 0.14

sistemin(is/ė) T P S H B ADJ + ADV

Term Bank: LT

 sisteminė analizė, rinkmena  sistemingasis nuokrypis  sistemingoji paklaida, atranka

(http://terminai.vlkk.lt:10001/pls/tb/tb.search)

BNC academic (f/1000)

 systemic

0.01

 systematic

0.04

 systematical

Specialized vocabulary (f/1000)

0.00 0.00 problematišk(as/a) 0.00 0.00 problematin(is/ė) 0.01 0.02 problemišk(as/a) 0.01 0.04 problemin(is/ė) CCLL CorALit

BNC academic (f/1000)

 problematic

0.03

 problematical

0.00

Concluding observations

# Academic discourse is neutral and

• bjective

 Author’s presence  Internationalisation of specialised

terminology