Br Broadb adband and in Sm n Smar art Ci Cities es Whe here - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Un University versity Le Lecture cture Series ries Br Broadb adband and in Sm n Smar art Ci Cities es Whe here e is t s the he Ba Band ndwi widt dth h Co Comi ming ng Fr From? m? January ry 14, , 2016 Ke Ken Fe
Un University versity Le Lecture cture Series ries
Br Broadb adband and in Sm n Smar art Ci Cities es – Whe here e is t s the he Ba Band ndwi widt dth h Co Comi ming ng Fr From? m?
January ry 14, , 2016
Ke Ken Fe Fellman, llman, Esq. Ki Kissinger nger & Fe Fellman lman, , P.C .C. kf kfellm llman@kandf.com an@kandf.com ww www.k .kandf.com andf.com
BROADBAND OADBAND SP SPEEDS EDS IN IN TH THE E US US – HOW OW DO DO WE WE COM OMPARE? ARE?
Akamai Technologies released its Third Quarter 2015 State of the Internet Report, which found that the average broadband speed across the United States is 12.6 Mbps. The US ranked 16th in the world in average broadband speed. This average speed puts the US behind first-ranked South Korea (20.5 Mbps), second-ranked Sweden (17.4 Mbps), and third-ranked Norway (16.4 Mbps), much of the rest of Europe, as well as Japan and Hong Kong. No US state had average connection speeds reaching the FCC’s new 25 Mbps broadband threshold.
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HOW OW DO WE DO WE COM OMPARE? ARE?
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OUR OUR ASP SPIR IRATI TIONS ONS 5 YE YEARS RS AGO GO
Federal Communications Commission, National Broadband Plan, 2010
“The United States must lead the world in the number of homes and people with access to affordable, world-class broadband
affordable access to actual download speeds of at least 100 Mbps and actual upload speeds of at least 50 Mbps by 2020. This will create the world’s most attractive market for broadband applications, devices and infrastructure.”
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FCC REPORT PORT - BROADBAND ROADBAND AVAILAB AILABILITY ILITY IN THE HE US S
https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-331734A1.pdf January 30, 2015
17% of all Americans (55 million people) lack access to 25 Mbps/3 Mbps service. 53% of rural Americans (22 million people) lack access to 25 Mbps/3 Mbps. By contrast, only 8% of urban Americans lack access to 25 Mbps/3 Mbps broadband.
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FCC REPORT PORT - BROADBAND ROADBAND AVAILAB AILABILITY ILITY IN THE HE US S
https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-331734A1.pdf January 30, 2015
Approximately 35% of schools lack access to fiber, and thus likely lack access to broadband at the Commission’s shorter term benchmark (adopted in its July 2014 E-rate Modernization Order) of 100 Mbps per 1,000 users, and even fewer have access at the long term goal of 1 Gbps per 1,000 users.
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FC FCC DRAFT FT REPO PORT T - JANUARY 2016
Advanced telecommunications capability is not being deployed in a reasonable and timely fashion to all Americans. No access to fixed broadband at FCC benchmark (25/3): 41% of Tribal Lands residents lack access Internationally, the U.S. continues to lag behind a number of other developed nations, ranking 16th
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41% of schools have not met the FCC’s short-term goal of 100 Mbps per 1,000 students/staff.
2014 NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION OPEN TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE - WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH SPEED?
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Note: All data in this chart are from “Verizon FiOS Speeds,” Verizon, (accessed October 22, 2014) available at http://fios.verizon.co m/fios-speeds.html.
1.4 0.4 0.1 26.7 8 2.7 53.4 16 5.4 10 20 30 40 50 60 25 MBPS 50 MBPS 150 MBPS
Time to Download (in seconds)
20 Hi-Res photos (100 MB) 10 songs (50MB) Short video (2.5MB)
2014 NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION OPEN TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE - WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH SPEED?
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Note: All data in this chart are from “Verizon FiOS Speeds,” Verizon, (accessed October 22, 2014) available at http://fios.verizon.co m/fios-speeds.html.
2.2 0.66 0.22 13.3 4 1.3 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 25 MBPS 50 MBPS 150 MBPS
Time to Download (in minutes)
2 hr SD video (1.5 GB) 20 min SD video (250 MB)
WH WHY WE Y WE NE NEED D MO MORE E FI FIBER BER DE DEPLOYMENT PLOYMENT
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HOW OW OU OUR R CI CITI TIES ES STAC ACK K UP I INTE TERN RNATIO TIONAL NALLY BY DOWNLO LOAD AD SPE PEEDS
2014 New America Foundation Open Technology Institute
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ST STATE TE BARRIERS RRIERS TO TO LO LOCAL CAL BROADBAND OADBAND
Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
PA BARRIERS RRIERS TO TO LO LOCAL CAL BROADBAND OADBAND
Pennsylvania prohibits municipalities from providing broadband services to the public for a fee … unless such services are not provided by the local telephone company and the local telephone company refuses to provide such services within 14 months of a request by the political subdivision. In determining whether the local telephone company is providing, or will provide, broadband service in the community, the only relevant consideration is data speed. If the company is willing to provide the data speed that the community seeks, no other factor can be considered, including price, quality of service, coverage, mobility, etc. (66 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 3014(h))
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WHAT ARE “SMART CITIES?”
A sm smart art ci city ty is is one ne th that t has s dig igit ital al te techn chnol
y embedde bedded d across cross all ll ci city ty fun unctions ctions. . http:/
://www /www.sm .smartcit artcitiespr iesproj
ects.c .com/w
hats-the the-real real-mean ean-of
art-city city/
Communities that are building an infrastructure to continuously improve the collection, aggregation, and use of data to improve the life of their residents – by harnessing the growing data revolution, low-cost sensors, and research collaborations, and doing so securely to protect safety and
new-smart-cities-initiative-help
A community that uses “smart applications” to aggregate data that directly impact better decisions made by the government relative to the services delivered to the public, that make for a better life for its citizens.
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SM SMART ART CITIES TIES AND D TH THE ME METROLAB TROLAB NETWOR TWORK
HTTP:/ P://M /METR ETROLAB.HE OLAB.HEINZ. INZ.CMU.EDU CMU.EDU/
The Network was launched as part of the White House’s Smart Cities Initiative. Mission is to bring together university researchers with city decision-makers to research, develop, and deploy “RD&D” technologically, and analytically‐ based solutions to improve our infrastructure, services, and other public sector priorities.
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SM SMART ART CITIES TIES AND D TH THE ME METROLAB TROLAB NETWOR TWORK
HTTP:/ P://M /METR ETROLAB.HE OLAB.HEINZ. INZ.CMU.EDU CMU.EDU/
Network will tackle opportunities in four areas: infrastructure, city services, democratic governance, and public policy & management. Sample project areas include: Public and Private Infrastructure Public and Private Services, with an emphasis on under- served populations Democratic Governance Public Policy and Management
WHY DO “SMART CITIES” NEED BETTER BROADBAND?
The Internet of Things and the applications it will require to provide new services involves three critical components
Sensors Connectivity People and the capability to utilize them
The Internet of Things will allow us to connect, analyze and view data from any device, and take coordinated action.
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SMART T LO LOCAL GOVERNMENT NT APP PPS (Most examples from www.libelium.com;
Design and manufacture of wireless sensors for Smart Cities and the Internet of Things)
Smart Parking – Monitoring of parking spaces availability in the city. Structural health – Monitoring of vibrations and material conditions in buildings, bridges and historical monuments. EMF Levels – Measurement of the energy radiated by cell stations and WiFi routers. Smart Roads – Highways with warning messages and diversion options according to climate conditions, traffic jams, etc. – monitoring of vehicles and pedestrian levels to optimize driving and walking routes. Smart Lighting – Intelligent and weather adaptive street lighting. Waste Management – Detection of trash levels in containers to optimize the collection routes.
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SM SMART RT ENV NVIR IRONMENT ONMENT APP PPS S
Snow Level Monitoring – Snow level measurement to know in real time the quality of ski conditions. Landslide and Avalanche Prevention – Monitoring of soil moisture, vibrations and earth density to detect dangerous patterns in land conditions. Earthquake Early Detection – Major incident response planning in specific places of tremors.
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Forest Fire Detection – Monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones. Air Pollution – Control of CO2 emissions
and toxic gases generated in farms.
SM SMART RT WATE TER APP PPS
Potable water monitoring – Monitor the quality of tap water. Chemical leakage detection in rivers – Detect leakages and wastes of factories, mines, etc., in waterways. Water Leakages – Detection of liquid presence outside tanks and pressure variations along pipes. Flood Control – Monitoring of water level variations in rivers, dams and reservoirs.
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Remote measurement and control of swimming pool conditions. Pollution levels in the sea – Control real-time leakages and wastes in the sea.
SM SMART RT ME METERING TERING APPS PPS
Smart Grid – Energy consumption monitoring and management. Tank level – Monitoring of water, oil and gas levels in storage tanks. Photovoltaic Installations – Monitoring and optimization of performance in solar energy plants. Water Flow – Measurement of water pressure in water transportation systems. Silos Stock Calculation – Measurement of storage levels and weight of goods.
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SM SMART RT PU PUBLIC LIC SA SAFE FETY TY APP PPS
Perimeter Access Control – Access control to restricted areas and detection
Liquid Presence – Liquid detection in data centers, warehouses and sensitive building grounds to prevent breakdowns and corrosion. Radiation Levels – Distributed measurement of radiation levels in nuclear power stations surroundings to generate leakage alerts. Explosive and Hazardous Gases – Detection
leakages in industrial environments, surroundings of chemical factories and inside mines. Cameras and noise detection sensors in public areas that can detect gunshots and send immediate signal to 911 center.
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SM SMART RT AGR GRIC ICUL ULTURE TURE APP PPS
Wine Quality Enhancing – Monitoring soil moisture and trunk diameter in vineyards to control the amount of sugar in grapes and grapevine health. Green Houses – Control micro-climate conditions to maximize the production and quality of fruits and vegetables. Golf Courses – Selective irrigation in dry zones to reduce the water resources to required areas only. Meteorological Station Network – Study of weather conditions in fields to forecast ice formation, rain, drought, snow or wind changes. Compost – Control of humidity and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw,
contaminants.
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SM SMART RT E-HEAL HEALTH TH APP PPS
Medical Refrigeration – Control of conditions inside freezers storing vaccines, medicines and organic elements. Patient Surveillance – Monitoring of conditions of patients inside hospitals and in assisted living environments. Ultraviolet Radiation – Measurement of UV sun rays to warn people not to be exposed in certain hours. Sports and exercise: in training, concussion detection/monitoring, and fitness monitoring. Public health: disease prevention, pandemic preparedness, and epidemiological interventions.
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Remote monitoring and patient feedback in acute care, chronic care, mental health care, biomedical engineering, rehabilitation, prosthetics, and rural/wilderness practice.
OT OTHER ER BENE NEFITS FITS TO O BUI UILDING DING FIB IBER ER-BASE BASED, D, GI GIGA GABIT BIT CON ONNE NECTIVITY CTIVITY
Documented increase in home values and rental rates Bond rating improvements – Fitch cited fiber optics as one reason for increasing rating of Kansas City, KS Only a handful of gig cities to date, all of which have had extensive press coverage and hosting international conferences Documented (though anecdotal thus far) impact in attracting and retaining businesses, workers, and graduating students
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Three Models with Different Balance of Risk, Benefit, and Control (source CTC Technology and Energy, www.ctcnet.us)
Municipal broadband direct provision of service Incumbent upgrade of existing networks Partnerships, involving some combination of Private risk & investment Public risk & private execution Shared risk, investment
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Municipal Provision of Service Model
Risk, reward, and control all at maximum Municipalities with electric utilities are best positioned for success Key examples:
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Incumbent Upgrade
Generally difficult without significant capital outlay State tax incentives/deregulation have not proven to be sufficient to incent major upgrades statewide Without gigabit capable competition, return on investment not justified Private provide upgrades largely catalyzed by prospect of competition Example: Austin and Kansas City – Google Fiber builds result in fiber to the premises upgrades by incumbent providers
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Partnerships – (Private Risk & Investment)
City facilitates private investment Leading private entity is Google Fiber Strong interest by smaller companies Reduced risk, no control, potential benefit Facilitation can expand to tax benefits, other economic development incentives
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Partnerships – (Public risk with private execution)
Variation on traditional municipal ownership Municipality assumes varying degree of risk (financial and political), benefit, and control Makes use of the traditional public-private partnership structure used in Europe and increasingly in US in transportation projects Leverages private sector strengths Just beginning to be applied to broadband in US Guaranteed revenue stream to private partner
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LO LOCAL AL GOV GOVERNMENT ERNMENT BROADBAND OADBAND OP OPTIONS TIONS
Partnerships – (Shared Risk)
Extraordinary opportunity for innovation Plays to strengths of both parties From the standpoint of a locality, risk is shared but 100% of benefit realized Public benefit does not show up on financial statements Private partner may reap financial benefit
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CONC ONCLUDING LUDING TH THOUGHTS OUGHTS
As local leaders we need to create environments that:
Engage citizens with their government and communities Protect public safety Promote educational opportunities for all students and their families Promote a cleaner environment Provides quality, affordable health care to all citizens
Becoming a “Smart City” is a critically important part of this evolution
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CONC ONCLUDING LUDING TH THOUGHTS OUGHTS
Smart “Cities” is a misnomer – we need to focus on Smart “Communities” This means real, accessible and affordable broadband to all Americans – in urban and suburban areas, rural areas, and on Tribal Lands We are competing in an international economy and we need robust broadband networks in order to be successful We must ensure that our nation does not become one of broadband haves and have-nots With some exceptions, the private sector will not solve this problem by itself… …there simply is not a sufficient return on investment in many parts of the country
CON ONCLUDING CLUDING THOU OUGHTS GHTS
Local governments have a huge stake in getting this right, and can (and in many cases should) play a major role in how broadband is deployed State and federal governments should be adopting polices and laws that incent any any entity wishing to deploy broadband networks to do so – whether they be private, public or non-profit The debate over “municipal broadband” has been portrayed by some as “government vs. industry.” It is not.
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Ke Ken Fell llman, man, Es Esq. q. Ki Kissinger nger & F Fellma man, n, P.C. C. kfe fellma lman@kandf. n@kandf.com com ww www.kandf andf.co .com
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