Bat-El Pinchasik, Technion Israel GEM detectors main element GEM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Bat-El Pinchasik, Technion Israel GEM detectors main element GEM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 29, 2023 117 likes •271 views

Bat-El Pinchasik, Technion Israel GEM detectors main element GEM foil Terminals 10 cm Kapton (polyimide) p (p y ) copper-clad on both sides CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon GEM GEM DRIFT REGION INDUCTION REGION REGION

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SLIDE 1

Bat-El Pinchasik, Technion Israel

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SLIDE 2

GEM detectors main element

GEM foil

Terminals

10 cm

Kapton (polyimide) p (p y ) copper-clad on both sides

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SLIDE 3

CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon GEM CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon GEM

DRIFT REGION

INDUCTION REGION REGION

segmentation

Tracking, Triggering Etc..

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SLIDE 4

Field lines

Drift field

Electrons follow the field lines

GEM foil

In the holes: high density of

500 volts 50μm

Induction

y field lines

Induction field

Electrons gain energy!

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SLIDE 5

Si l ti Simulation:

Ions

CATHODE

Ions

Electron-Ion pair Drift field pa Drift field GEM

Top B

Electrons are shared between

Bottom

Induction field

between bottom GEM and anode Gain of the detector ANODE anode

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SLIDE 6

Advantages Advantages

Detector Area Cost Rate Aging covered by a d (per area) capability g g process detector

GEM d

$$

Low aging

detector Wi

Gain loss and

Wire chamber

$

Gain loss and discharges increase

Silicon detectors

Noise and leakage t

detectors

current increase

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SLIDE 7

72µm

40µm

  • First invented in 1998
  • Double conical geometry

Doub e co ca geo et y

  • Used already in several

experiments e pe e s

  • Easy to produce

98.9µm

copper

Easy to produce

  • larger detectors
  • low cost per area

42.5µm

kapton

low cost per area

µ

copper

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SLIDE 8

Gl f b Glance from above

Internal & External External diameter 140 µm Larger diameter smaller diameter diameter diameter 140 µm

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SLIDE 9

See the difference

Large conical GEM conical GEM foil

60 cm

10 X 10 cm

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SLIDE 10

CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon

Voltage

CO2+ Argon CO2+ Argon

Voltage

  • ver the

GEM GEM

Drift field Induction

d

Induction field

Anode current

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SLIDE 11

D ift fi ld Drift field scan

GEM voltage: 500 volts

1

conycal I anode (normalized) I anode (normalized) I anode (normalized) conical

g 5 E induction: 3 (kv/cm)

0.8

standard

0.6

Recombination

plateau

Electrons end

0.4

up in Top GEM

0.2

E drift (V lt / )

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

(Volts/cm)

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SLIDE 12

G i GEM lt Gain vs. GEM voltage

Gain Integration over Gain Integration over distance Townsend Field & gas

α

standard conical

Gain of the

coefficient g properties

α

500 conical

detector

Log

E induction:

50

scale

3kv/cm E drift: 2 kv/cm

50 5 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

Gem voltage (volt)

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SLIDE 13

d i Induction scan

I d

Electrons distribution

1.1 conical

I anode (normalized)

0 8 0.9 1 standard 0.6 0.7 0.8

Higher

0.4 0.5

More electrons get to the anode Higher signal

0.2 0.3

Increasing induction field

0.1 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 E induction (volt/cm)

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SLIDE 14

C l i Conclusions

Results

  • Conical GEM has similar performance as

standard GEM

  • Low cost

Advantages

Low cost

  • Larger area
  • Easy to fabricate

C i l GEM i tt ti did t t

Conclusion

  • Conical GEM is an attractive candidate to

future LHC upgrades

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SLIDE 15

C t li ti Current applications

LHCB

TOTEM

COMPASS

LHCB muon

And the future? And the future?