Resilience Measurement Practical Guidance Note Series April 12, 2018 at 9:00 – 10:30 am EDT Agenda Wi-Fi Welcome Remarks Name: OFDA-Wireless Introduction Password: Hum@n 1 t@r 1 @n Overview of Guidance Notes 1 – 4 T witter info: Group Exercise #resilience #resiliencemeasurement Questions and Answers @REAL_Award Closing Remarks @USAID @MercyCorps
Speakers T om Spangler Sarah Henly-Shepard Director of Resilience and Senior Advisor - Climate Change Livelihoods & Resilience Save the Children Mercy Corps Tim Frankenberger Tiffany M. Griffin President and Co-founder Adviser, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Strategic Analysis TANGO International USAID Center for Resilience Brad Sagara Senior Resilience Researcher Mercy Corps RESILIENCE MEASUREMENT PRACTICAL GUIDANCE NOTE SERIES APRIL 12, 2018
Resilience Measurement Revealed A Brief Overview April 2018
Our Resilience Measurement Highlighted A Brief Overview April 2018
When you think of resilience measurement, what image comes to mind?
Image Source: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/subjects/what-can-you-do-physics-degree
Image Source: https://www.tes.com/lessons/LGyDN10XIQaZOg/boring
Image Source: http://www.dreams.metroeve.com/destruction/#.WsURRTOZOHo
WHAT AND HOW 5 Guidance Notes 1. ASSESSMENT 2. MEASURING SHOCKS 3. MEASURING RESILIENCE CAPACITIES 4. CONDUCTING RESILIENCE ANALYSES 5. RESILIENCE MEASUREMENT AT THE ACTIVITY/PROJECT LEVEL Written by Mercy Corps in the lead, in partnership with TANGO International • and C4R SERIES Digestible pieces • • Revisited annually-ish • Complemented by other products, like online measurement e-module/training and in-person workshops OVERVIEW APRIL 2018
WHY DEMAND: • MISSION STAFF • USAID/W • IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS CLEAR UP MYTHS ILLUSTRATE OPTIONS DIALOGUE/ITERATE OVERVIEW APRIL 2018
Thank You Tiffany M. Griffin tigriffin@usaid.gov www.fsnnetwork.org/REAL resiliencemeasurement@gmail.com
Guidance Note 1 Risk and Resilience Assessments Step-by-step guidance on: • Risk & Resilience Assessment planning & design • Data collection • Analysis • Using results for strategic planning Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
Why do a risk and resilience assessment? Jonathan Drake for Mercy Corps Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
What’s different about risk and resilience assessments? Resilience assessments: Other assessments: • Systems dynamics • Often single-sector / small-scale • Interacting, cross-scalar factors over time/space • Rely on cross- sectional • Mixed-methods & “snapshot” data adaptive management • Usually do not • Focus on current & assess root causes potential resilience of risk capacities • Flexible applications Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
That’s great…what does it take?
Approximate Level of Effort Matrix LOW MEDIUM HIGH Estimated Time 5-10 weeks 3-8 months >8 months Wider range of sectors, Broad range of sectors, Purpose, Scope & Fewer sectors or development development outcomes and development outcomes and Scale outcome geographies geographies Increased use of primary data Primary mixed method data at a Reliance on existing analyses Data Collection & with moderate geographical high-level of spatial resolution combined with limited field work Sampling resolution and limited external supported by secondary data, and limited primary data technical studies perhaps multiple rounds Validate existing knowledge, limit Longer-term trend analyses with Complete trend analyses coupled Analysis timeframe of trend analysis and deeper characterization of risks with in-depth characterization of capacity characterizations and capacities risks and capacities Detailed theories of change Revisions to existing theories of Revised or new theories of Outputs and/or detailed knowledge change, shorter planning horizons change and knowledge products products, long-term planning Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
How can they work?
Risk and Resilience Assessment Process, T eam & Decision-making Tradeoffs Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
What can they show us?
Five Guiding Resilience Questions Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
How can we use the results? Assessment results are versatile and can be fit for purpose: • Transformational Learning • Systems Analysis • Intervention plans • Learning documents Theory of Change • Research Plan + M&E • Framework Resilience-building targets • & strategies Photo by Emma Roorda on Unsplash Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
For example: The decline of pastoralism in Karamoja, Uganda Guidance Note 1: Risk and Resilience Assessments APRIL 2018
For example: Resilience Assessment Theory of Change for Karamoja, Uganda
Think about …
Guidance Note 2 Measuring Shocks and Stresses • Rationale • Key measurement considerations • Planning for data collection • Analytical approaches Guidance Note 2: Measuring Shocks and Stresses APRIL 2018
Why measure shocks and stresses? Jonathan Drake for Mercy Corps
Perspective Matters https://lifewithoptions.net/perspective/
Mountain or Molehill? (Covariate vs. Idiosyncratic)
Do not underestimate the molehill
Idiosyncratic Covariate Death of a family Flood Acute member Earthquake Pest infestation Cyclone/ hurricane Illness Gender based Chronic Drought violence Inter-group conflict Social exclusion Population pressure Crime/ violence
Interactions and downstream effects
Rules of thumb when measuring shocks Have a clear vision of what shocks to focus on, • population (and sub-populations) of interest, and ecological, social, political, and economic context As much as possible, use multiple, diverse measures of • the same phenomenon and triangulating the results • Shocks and responses evolve over time. Having multiple rounds of data collection captures this dynamic • Knowing whether or not a shock has been experienced is half the battle – there needs to be some measure of the severity of the shock
Household/ Data sources abound Regional/National Individual Community Integrated Phase Emergency Market Household Classification (IPC) Mapping and Analysis quantitative surveys Famine Early Warning Community early Key informant Systems Network warning systems interviews (FEWSNET) Community health Focus group Armed Conflict surveillance systems discussions Location and Event Household Data Project quantitative surveys (ACLED) Community Agricultural Market quantitative surveys Information System Key informant African Flood and interviews Drought Monitor Focus group (AFDM) discussions
Levels of Effort LOW MEDIUM HIGH Baseline and end- Baseline, mid-term, Multi-hazard maps line and end-line leveraging secondary data Limited primary Primary data on Baseline, mid-term, data on various various shocks, shocks, integrated integrated with and end-line with secondary secondary data Recurrent data if technical monitoring capacity is Extensive primary available and secondary data on various shocks
Guidance Note 3 Resilience Capacity Measurement • Context-relevant resilience capacities • Resilience responses in a Theory of Change • Indicators & data sources • When and how to collect data Guidance Note 3: Resilience Capacity Measurement APRIL 2018
Big picture M&E of resilience vs. “traditional” programs Similarities: • Both require robust monitoring systems to collect, aggregate, and report data to inform decisions Differences: • Specific indicators: resilience capacity, shocks Photo by Steve Huntington on Unsplash • Possibly different data sources Guidance Note 3: Resilience Capacity Measurement
Resilience measurement framework Resilience is an ability to manage or recover from shocks Guidance Note 3: Resilience Capacity Measurement
Resilience capacities Absorptive, adaptive & transformative Resilience capacities represent people’s Absorptive Capacity Ability of households and potential to take steps to communities to minimize exposure deal with shocks or to shocks and recover quickly stresses after exposure Adaptive Capacity A set of positive Ability to make proactive, informed conditions thought to choices about their lives and enable households to livelihood strategies based on conditions achieve resilience to shocks Transformative Capacity Relates to system-level changes that ensures sustained resilience Guidance Note 3: Resilience Capacity Measurement
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