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AN I NT RODUCT I ON T O L AT E NT CL ASS ANAL YSI S F - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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AN I NT RODUCT I ON T O L AT E NT CL ASS ANAL YSI S F OR PRE VE NT I ON RE SE ARCH Be tha ny C. Bra y, Ph.D. T he Me tho do lo g y Ce nte r, Pe nn Sta te me tho do lo g y.psu.e du OVE RVI E W Co nc e ptua l intro

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SLIDE 1

AN I NT RODUCT I ON T O L AT E NT CL ASS ANAL YSI S F OR PRE VE NT I ON RE SE ARCH

Be tha ny C. Bra y, Ph.D.

T he Me tho do lo g y Ce nte r, Pe nn Sta te me tho do lo g y.psu.e du

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SLIDE 2

OVE RVI E W

  • Co nc e ptua l intro duc tio n to la te nt c la ss a na lysis (L

CA)

  • An e xa mple :

L a te nt c la sse s o f a do le sc e nt drinking b e ha vio r

  • Pa ra me te rs e stima te d in L

CA

  • T

e c hnic a l c o nside ra tio ns: Mo de l ide ntific a tio n, mo de l se le c tio n

  • So ftwa re o ptio ns
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SLIDE 3

OVE RVI E W

  • I

nc luding g ro uping va ria b le s

  • Pre dic ting la te nt c la ss me mb e rship
  • Pre dic ting a dista l o utc o me
  • Que stio n & Answe r se ssio n:

Ope n disc ussio n

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SLIDE 4

ABBRE VI AT I ONS

  • L

CA = la te nt c la ss a na lysis

  • Sta tic , c a te g o ric a l la te nt va ria b le
  • L

T A = la te nt tra nsitio n a na lysis

  • Dyna mic , c a te g o ric a l la te nt va ria b le
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SLIDE 5

CONCE PT UAL I NT RODUCT I ON: L CA

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SLIDE 6

T HE BASI C I DE AS

  • I

ndividua ls c a n b e divide d into sub g ro ups b a se d o n uno b se rva b le c o nstruc t

  • T

he c o nstruc t o f inte re st is the la te nt va ria b le

  • Sub g ro ups a re c a lle d la te nt c la sse s
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SLIDE 7

T HE BASI C I DE AS

  • I

ndividua ls c a n b e divide d into sub g ro ups b a se d o n uno b se rva b le c o nstruc t

  • T

he c o nstruc t o f inte re st is the la te nt va ria b le

  • Sub g ro ups a re c a lle d la te nt c la sse s
  • T

rue c la ss me mb e rship is unkno wn

  • Unkno wn due to me a sure me nt e rro r
  • Me a sure me nt o f the c o nstruc t is typic a lly b a se d o n

se ve ra l c a te g o ric a l indic a to rs

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SLIDE 8

T HE BASI C I DE AS

  • I

ndividua ls c a n b e divide d into sub g ro ups b a se d o n uno b se rva b le c o nstruc t

  • T

he c o nstruc t o f inte re st is the la te nt va ria b le

  • Sub g ro ups a re c a lle d la te nt c la sse s
  • T

rue c la ss me mb e rship is unkno wn

  • Unkno wn due to me a sure me nt e rro r
  • Me a sure me nt o f the c o nstruc t is typic a lly b a se d o n

se ve ra l c a te g o ric a l indic a to rs

  • L

a te nt c la sse s a re mutua lly e xc lusive & e xha ustive

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SLIDE 9

T HE BASI C I DE AS

  • Ho w ma ny pe o ple a re fa milia r with fa c to r a na lysis?
  • Simila r to c o nfirma to ry fa c to r a na lysis b ut the la te nt

va ria b le is c a te g o ric a l AND

  • Simila r to e xplo ra to ry fa c to r a na lysis b ut the la te nt

va ria b le is c a te g o ric a l

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SLIDE 10

E ST I MAT E D PARAME T E RS

  • L

a te nt c la ss pre va le nc e s

  • e .g ., pro b a b ility o f me mb e rship in HI

GH DE PRE SSI ON la te nt c la ss

  • I

te m-re spo nse pro b a b ilitie s

  • e .g ., pro b a b ility o f re po rting F

e lt L

  • ne ly g ive n

me mb e rship in HI GH DE PRE SSI ON la te nt c la ss

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SLIDE 11

AN E XAMPL E OF L CA

De pr e ssion in adole sc e nc e

  • E

ig ht indic a to rs (28=256 po ssib le re spo nse pa tte rns)

(L a nza , Bra y, & Co llins, 2013)

Sad

  • Co uldn’ t sha ke b lue s
  • F

e lt de pre sse d

  • F

e lt lo ne ly

  • F

e lt sa d Dislike d

  • Pe o ple unfrie ndly
  • Dislike d b y pe o ple

F ailur e

  • L

ife wa s fa ilure

  • L

ife no t wo rth living

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SLIDE 12

AN E XAMPL E OF L CA

L ate nt Class Pr e vale nc e

No de pre ssio n 41% Sa d 18% Dislike d 17% Sa d & Dislike d 15% De pre sse d 9%

F ive late nt c lasse s of de pr e ssion

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SLIDE 13

I ndic a to r Cla ss 1 Cla ss 2 Cla ss 3 Cla ss 4 Cla ss 5 No n-D Sa d Dislike d S+D De pre sse d

Co uld no t Sha ke Blue s

.03 .54 .17 .66 .90

F e lt De pre sse d

.06 .73 .24 .86 1.00

F e lt L

  • ne ly

.07 .58 .33 .77 .92

F e lt Sa d

.14 .80 .38 .87 .94

Pe o ple Unfrie ndly

.13 .17 .64 .67 .70

Pe o ple Dislike Yo u

.04 .00 .68 1.00 .77

L ife wa s F a ilure

.01 .11 .10 .23 .90

No t wo rth living

.00 .06 .11 .10 .85

AN E XAMPL E OF L CA

Conditional pr

  • babilitie s of

‘ye s’ r e sponse

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SLIDE 14

L AT E NT CL ASSE S OF ADOL E SCE NT DRI NK I NG BE HAVI OR

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SLIDE 15

DRI NK I NG I N 12T

H GRADE

  • Da ta fro m 2004 c o ho rt o f Mo nito ring the F

uture pub lic re le a se

  • N = 2490 hig h sc ho o l se nio rs who a nswe re d a t le a st
  • ne q ue stio n a b o ut a lc o ho l use (48% b o ys, 52% g irls)
  • Go a ls o f the study:
  • Alc o ho l use b e ha vio r a mo ng U.S. 12th g ra de rs
  • Ge nde r diffe re nc e s in me a sure me nt a nd b e ha vio r
  • Pre dic t b e ha vio r fro m skipping sc ho o l a nd g ra de s
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SLIDE 16

DRI NK I NG I N 12T

H GRADE

I te m Pro po rtio n ‘ Ye s’ L ife time a lc o ho l use 82% Pa st-ye a r a lc o ho l use 73% Pa st-mo nth a lc o ho l use 50% L ife time drunke nne ss 57% Pa st-ye a r drunke nne ss 49% Pa st-mo nth drunke nne ss 29% 5+ drinks in pa st 2 we e ks 26%

Se ve n indic ator s of dr inking be havior