ADA Construction Training Achieving Compliance on SHA Projects Presented by Norie Calvert John Gover
Statutory Authority • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 � is a civil rights law that requires equal access to all individuals � regulates State and Local governments (title II) and the private sector (title III) regardless of funding
Federal Requirements • FHWA Oversight – Self Evaluation – Transition Plan – Quarterly Updates
Self Evaluation • GIS Based Inventory of all pedestrian facilities along state highways • Review of all design plans for verification of ADA Compliance • Field verification of all projects in construction for ADA compliance prior to acceptance for maintenance
How SHA is ensuring compliance • Development of ADA compliance checklist • Plan review at major milestones • Review during and after construction
Federal Standards • ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG)- minimum guidelines developed by the US Access Board • DOT and DOJ adopt and enforce ADAAG • Best Practices beyond ADAAG minimums are encouraged
In November 2002, OHD & OOTS developed ADA Design guide lines. These Guidelines were updated in December 2005, and included SHA’s ADA Policy specific to roadway transportation projects.
SHA’s ADA Policy says… “SHA shall make the accommodation of persons with disabilities a routine and integral element of its planning, design, construction, operations and maintenance activities for all roadway improvement projects.”
SHA-ADA Checklist
Sidewalks SHA’s goal for sidewalk construction is to make continuous connections to existing sidewalks, schools, transit stations and bus stops. Sidewalks shall be designed to serve all pedestrians, including those with disabilities. Sidewalks shall be designed to provide a smooth, clear and predictable accessible route. Sudden changes in grade or direction, steep cross slopes, unexpected obstacles, drop-offs, narrow pathways and close traffic are all potential hazards.
MINIMUM MINIMUM Sidewalk width 60” Anything less must have an approved design waiver *This does not include the top of curb
MINIMUM MINIMUM Sidewalk width at isolated pinch points maximum 24” in length 32” Anything less then 60” must have an approved design waiver *This does not include the top of curb
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM cross-slope of sidewalk 48:1 (2%)
Sidewalk Requirements • Minimum width is 60”. • Minimum width at pinch points is 32”. A design waiver is needed for anything less then 60”. • Maximum cross-slope 48:1 (2%) • If requirements are not met then an approved design waiver must be obtained prior to construction.
Sidewalk Ramps Legislation requires that a ramp be provided at pedestrian walkways, which are intersected by curbs. In cases where none of these standards are appropriate, the designer is required to provide detailed designs for the special ramps.
Maryland Standard 655.11 Perpendicular Curb Ramp
MD STD. 655.11 MD STD. 655.11
Maryland Standard 655.12 Parallel Curb Ramp
MD STD. 655.12 MD STD. 655.12
Maryland Standard 655.13 Combination Curb Ramp
MD STD. 655.13 MD STD. 655.13
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM Running Slope 12:1 Along existing roadways, all slopes shall Along existing roadways, all slopes shall be measured independent to the be measured independent to the surrounding terrain. Therefore the length of surrounding terrain. Therefore the length of the ramp is solely dependent on the height the ramp is solely dependent on the height of the curb. of the curb. 6” Curb = 6’ Ramp Length 6” Curb = 6’ Ramp Length 8” Curb = 8’ Ramp Length 8” Curb = 8’ Ramp Length
On New Roadway Construction • The ramps will need to be a true 8.33% slope or MAX. 15’ long. • This came from a DOJ ruling for a housing project. • This is in the latest ADAAG guidelines.
Examples of Ramp Placement Diagonal Curb Ramp Paired Perpendicular Curb Ramps
Ramp Location • SHA preference is to utilize paired perpendicular ramps, (two ramps on each corner). Large diagonal ramps tend to mislead pedestrians who are blind.
Median Cut-Through
Detectable Warning Surface
Detectable Warning Surface • When? – at street crossings and signalized entrances • Why? – to alert pedestrians who are blind or visually impaired to the presence of hazards in the line of travel
Detectable Warning Surface (DWS) MD Standard 655.40 • 24” minimum depth • DWS width = ramp width • Skewed applications shall be no greater than 3” from the back of the curb • Color contrast shall be 70% different than the surface it is applied
Types of Detectable Warning Surface •Brick Pavers •Stamped Concrete •Glue Down Mats •Cast-in-place Unit
Brick Pavers Brick Pavers
Stamped Concrete
Glue Down Mats
Cast-in-place Unit Fiberglass
Cast-in-place Unit Cast Iron
Key Measurements for Driveway Aprons • The maximum cross-slope for a path of travel is 48:1 (2%) • Minimum width for a sidewalk on a driveway apron is 36”. (This would not require a design waiver)
Driveway Entrance MD Standard 630.01 • Notice that the 48:1 MAX. cross-slope is maintained
Driveway Entrance MD Standard 630.01 • Notice that the 48:1 MAX. cross-slope is maintained
Driveway Example
Driveway Entrance MD Standard 630.02 • Notice that the 48:1 MAX. cross-slope is maintained
Driveway Entrance MD Standard 630.02 • Notice that the 48:1 MAX. cross-slope is maintained
Driveway Example
MD Standard 620.02-01
SHA’s ADA Design Waiver Process
Design Waivers • Design Waivers will be given to the Construction PE by Design Manager at Pre-Construction meeting. • A Design Waiver must be requested and approved for each element that is not in full compliance.
Design Waivers • If a field change is made that negatively impacts ADA compliance, a design waiver must be requested and approved prior to construction. • In the field if full ADA Compliance can not be achieved the construction PE must notify the design PE to request a design waiver and have it approved prior to construction. (See example)
Accessible Pedestrian Maintenance of Traffic
2003 MUTCD • Section 6D.01 Pedestrian Considerations The needs and control of all road users (motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians within the highway, including persons with disabilities) through a temporary traffic control (TTC) zone shall be an essential part of highway construction, utility work, maintenance operations, and management of traffic incidents.
Maintenance of Accessible Pedestrian Traffic Overview • This work shall consist of providing and maintaining an accessible pedestrian route, to the “maximum extent feasible,” throughout the project’s limits. When an existing pedestrian access route within the public right of way is blocked by construction, alteration, or maintenance activity, an alternate accessible pedestrian route shall be provided.
Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS) Accessible Pedestrian Signal – a device that communicates information about pedestrian timing in nonvisual format such as audible tones, verbal messages, and/or vibrating surfaces (MUTCD 2003, Section 4A.02)
Ideal APS Placement Pushbutton Integrated Unit Ideal placement for pushbutton-integrated APS
Acceptable APS Placement Pushbutton Integrated Unit Acceptable placement for pushbutton-integrated APS
IDENTIFY COMMON IDENTIFY COMMON ISSUES ISSUES
BEFORE
AFTER
BEFORE
AFTER
Incorrect Installation
Correct Installation
Reference Items • SHA Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian facilities along State Highways, December 2005, http://www.marylandroads.com/businessWith SHA/bizStdsSpecs/ohd/ada/adafinal.pdf • Help Desk ADA commonly asked questions located on OHD’s intranet site http://170.93.42.173/ohd/hdd/ada/adaqna. asp
MD Standards • New standards for curb ramps, entrances, and detectable warning mats were issued in March 2004 http://www.marylandroads.com/BusinessWith SHA/bizStdsSpecs/desManualStdPub/publicati onsonline/ohd/bookstd
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