A Presentation by Pl Rosland, NRPA, April 2019 Contents 04/04/2019 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme A Presentation by Pål Rosland, NRPA, April 2019 Contents 04/04/2019 The history Dust problem + road damage ● The legislation ● The effect Reducing the proportion of studded tires ● Improved air quality ● The income ● Road safety ● Pål Rosland Other measures Dust binding with MgCl-salt ● Sign reduced speed ● The air quality warning system (https://luftkvalitet.miljostatus.no) ●

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The Historie – In the19s Growing problem with road dust during the 19 s ● Serious health problem ● Most people use studded tires ● Increasing road traffic Road damage ● The studded tires wear the asphalt ● Costly re-asphalting every second year The legislation ● Stricter technical requirements for studded tires ● Fee for the use of studded tires in the cities ● Fee to internalise the health problem into the price of driving 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The legislation The fee regulation for use of studded tires and penalty ● Forskrift om gebyr for bruk av piggdekk og tilleggsgebyr https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/1999-05-07- 437?q=piggdekkgebyr ● The local authority decide the fee-zone (the whole municipality) ● The fee has to be prepaid before driving inside the zone ● Paying via internet is most common ● The payment is connected to the registration number ● Using ANPR camera to control the vehicles ● The penalty is a extra fee – a surcharge ● The price: 1400 Nkr pr. Sesong – 450 Nkr pr. Mounth – 35 Nkr pr. Day – 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The effect ● We reduce the proportion of studded tires ● We improv the air quality ● Because of the fee we increase the income to the municipality ● High proportion of non-studded tyre don’t reduce road safety 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Increase the proportion of non-studded tires % Non-studded 100% Oslo 90% Bergen 80% Asker/Bærum Stavanger/Sandnes 70% Fredrikstad/Sarpsborg 60% Drammen 50% Trondheim Skien/Porsgrunn 40% Kristiansand 30% Hamar Ålesund 20% Lillehammer 10% Tromsø 0% 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Increase the proportion of non-studded tires % Non-studded 100% 90% Oslo Fee Close to Oslo 80% Bergen 70% Asker/Bærum 60% Skien/Porsgrunn 50% Kristiansand 40% Ålesund 30% Lillehammer 20% 10% Tromsø 0% 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The effect of fee scheme % Non-studded 100% 90% Stavanger/Sandnes 80% Trondheim 70% 60% 50% Fee 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Increase the proportion of non-studded tires % Non-studded in regions 90% 80 % 80% 70 % 70% 60% Region Øst 50% Region Sør 40% Region Vest 30% Region Midt 20% Region Nord 10% 0% 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Improved air quality – PM 10 - Oslo Number of days above http://www.luftkvalitet.info 50 µ g/m 3 Historiske data Annual level 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Improved air quality – PM 10 - Trondheim Number of days above http://www.luftkvalitet.info 50 µ g/m 3 Historiske data Annual level 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Income from the fee - 2018 ● Stavanger ≈ 21 mill Nkr ● Trondheim ≈ 18 mill Nkr ● Oslo ≈ 35 mill Nkr à Founding the local winter maintenance 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Road safety Studded tiers have better fiction than Non- studded tiers on wet ice. △ Studded tires □ Non-Studded tires 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Road safety Number of road traffic accidents involving personal injury, by tire type. A higher proportion of non-studded tires give a higher number of accidents 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Other measures ● Dust binding with MgCl-salt – MgCl is hygroscopic and makes a two-valant-binding – Make 10 % of the see salt 70 70 ● Sign reduced speed ● The air quality warning system 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Dust binding with MgCl-salt St Statio ions in in Oslo lo Relative humidity Ref: Norsk Regnesentral 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Dust binding with MgCl-salt Strømsås Tunnel - Drammen Days Days Ref: Norsk Regnesentral 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The frequency distribution of dust production from tires 1,5 Studded tire + 70 km/h Studded + 50 km/h Mass of dust in Studded tire + 30 km/h μg/m3 Friction tire + 70 km/h 1,0 Friction tire + 50 km/h 0,5 Ref: VTI 0 0,1 1,0 10 Diameter on the particles in mikrometer 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme Sign reduced speed Road 4 in Oslo in relation to the average on the main roads Kirkeveien, Løren and Manglerud From 80 km/h to 60 km/h PM10 reduction from 2004 to 2005 80 80 60 60 04/04/2019

The Norwegian studded tyre fee scheme The air quality warning system https://luftkvalitet.miljostatus.no 04/04/2019