The regional features of semi-arid landscape dynamics in southern Siberia and the desertification problem of Central and Northern Asia A.N. Antipov, O.I. Bazhenova, L.V. Danko V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS 664033, 1 Ulan-Batorskaya Str., I rkutsk, Russian Federation danko@irigs.irk.ru
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS Физическая география должна стремиться не к пространственным обобщениям ради них самих , т . е . как к самоцели , и не к историческим ( т . е . палеогеографическим ) обобщениям как самоцели . Физическая география стремиться к познанию сущности изучаемых ею пространств … . А географические явления ( природные тела ) существуют в пространстве и во времени . Сходство и различия определяют различное положение в пространстве , различное положение во времени . К . К . Марков . Воспоминания и размышления географа . 1973
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS The m ain directions of research: : The m ain directions of research ► I ndication of the desertification scenes scenes of semi of semi- -arid landscapes and analysis arid landscapes and analysis ► I ndication of the desertification their dynamics. their dynamics. Temporal scales: Temporal scales: ● 1 000 ● 1 000- -500 years 500 years – – Holocene Holocene ● ● 100 100- -200 years 200 years – – Late Holocene Late Holocene ● ● 50 50- -1 1 years years – – last thousand years last thousand years ● ● 1 1 month month – – XI X XI X- -XX centuries XX centuries ► ► Study of the temporal and spatial features of interactions betwe Study of the temporal and spatial features of interactions between: en: ● ● desertification factors desertification factors ● ● landscape landscape- -forming processes forming processes ● landscape properties ● landscape properties ► Estimation of tendencies of the desertification Estimation of tendencies of the desertification as an integral physical as an integral physical- - ► geographical process: geographical process: ● local aspect ● local aspect ● ● regional aspect regional aspect ● ● global aspect global aspect
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS DI FFERENT AEOLI AN GEOMORPHOLOGI CAL PROCESSES Accumulation Aeolian forms. Deflation Aeolian forms.
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS Landscape-climatically General General regins: Красноярско - Канский study area study area 1 – steppe-forest midi continental Назаровский 2 – steppe-forest midi continental Минусинский 3 – steppe midi continental Койбальский 4 – piedmont steppe midi continental Ангаро - Ленский 5 – Lake Baikal steppe-forest strong continental Баргузинский 6 – steppe strong continental Удинский 7 – steppe strong continental Селенгинско - Хилокский 8 – steppe strong continental Онон - Аргунский 9 – steppe strong continental 10 – Кызылский desert-steppe strong continental 11 – Убсунурский desert-steppe strong continental
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS Main param eters of clim ate Main param eters of clim ate Mean annual air I ndex of of Coefficient of of Mean annual air I ndex Coefficient Mean annual Mean annual Landscape- Landscape -climatic climatic temperature, o o C C iridizations continentality temperature, iridizations continentality precipitation, precipitation, Regions Regions mm* mm* T* T* T* * T* * I * I * I * * I * * K* K* K* * K* * 1 Steppe-forest 1 + 0, ,8 8 + 0, ,8 8 462 0,65 0,64 56 50 + 0 + 0 462 0,65 0,64 56 50 midi continental 2 2 Steppe-forest -0,5 - 0,5 -0,1 - 0,1 490 490 0,55 0,55 0,66 0,66 55 55 50 50 midi continental Steppe 3 3 -0,5 - 0,5 + 0,7 + 0,7 337 337 0,85 0,85 1,01 1,01 59 59 55 55 midi continental 4 Piedmont steppe 4 + 0,8 + 0,8 + 1,8 + 1,8 452 452 0,65 0,65 0,75 0,75 54 54 49 49 midi continental 5 5 Steppe-forest -2,7 2,7 -1,7 1,7 391 0,60 0,64 70 65 - - 391 0,60 0,64 70 65 strong continental 6 6 Steppe -2,8 - 2,8 -2,6 - 2,6 327 327 0,68 0,68 0,64 0,64 77 77 76 76 strong continental Steppe 7 7 -2,6 - 2,6 -1,5 - 1,5 280 280 0,82 0,82 0,98 0,98 79 79 74 74 strong continental 8 Steppe 8 -0,5 - 0,5 + 0,1 + 0,1 345 345 0,78 0,78 0,82 0,82 71 71 65 65 strong continental 9 9 Steppe -2,2 2,2 -1,3 1,3 319 0,72 0,80 85 77 - - 319 0,72 0,80 85 77 strong continental 10 10 Desert-steppe -4,5 - 4,5 -2,4 - 2,4 253 253 0,75 0,75 1,10 1,10 95 95 86 86 strong continental Desert-steppe 11 11 -5,5 - 5,5 -4,4 - 4,4 223 223 0,76 0,76 0,91 0,91 96 96 87 87 strong continental * - mean annual (for 1890-1960 years) ; * * - mean for 30 years period (1968-1998)
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS Long- - term annual dynam ic term annual dynam ic Long of the Aeolian processes. of the Aeolian processes. Dust storm s Dust storm s 1 2 1 days days days 2 1 days I rkutsk meteostation 1 days 1 – annual dates 2 – 3 years running average Meteostations: a – 5 Landscape-climatic Region ( Залари ); б , в – 7 Landscape-climatic Region ( Улан - Удэ , Тарбагатай ); г – 8 Landscape-climatic Region ( Борзя ).
V.B. Sochava I nstitute of Geography SB RAS
Climatic tendencies Tendencies of the landscape-forming processes Mean Aeolian Landscape-clim atic Mean Slope Degra- annual Snow processes annual air Ero- rain Deflu- dation of regions: precipi- melting tempe- sion full ction perma- Dust Defla- tation, flow rature, o C flow frost storms tion mm* Красноярско - Канский 1 steppe-forest 0 ,08 0 ,13 + + 0 - - + midi continental Назаровский 2 steppe-forest 0 ,08 1 ,06 + + 0 + - - midi continental Минусинский 3 0 ,07 1 ,14 + - - 0 - - steppe midi continental Койбальский 4 piedmont steppe 0 ,05 2 ,50 + + + + + - midi continental Ангаро - Ленский 5 steppe-forest 0 ,03 -0 ,95 - 0 - - + + + strong continental Баргузинский 6 steppe strong 0 ,08 0 ,09 - - 0 0 - - + continental Удинский 7 0 ,06 0 ,53 - 0 0 0 0 0 + steppe strong continental Селенгинско - Хилокский 8 0 ,05 -0 ,55 - - 0 - 0 0 + steppe strong continental Онон - Аргунский о 9 steppe strong 0 ,04 2 ,13 + + + + + + continental Кызылский 10 desert-steppe 0 ,09 -0 ,99 - + + - + + + strong continental Убусунурский 11 0 ,05 -0 ,49 + + - - - + desert-steppe strong continental
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