General Biology 101 E C O L O G Y A N D B I O D I V E R S I T Y
Introductions Syllabus Term Schedule Expectations Getting help!
Introductions Name Tags – Your NAME 1. 2. TWO DRAWINGS that tell me something about YOU On the inside, tell me something about your 3. learning style – how do you learn best?
Chapter 1: Life on Earth
Chapter 1: Life on Earth OUTCOMES:
Chapter 1: Life on Earth OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions
Chapter 1: Life on Earth OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems
Chapter 1: Life on Earth OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems Describe the movement of energy & nutrients through trophic levels
Chapter 1: Life on Earth OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems Describe the movement of energy & nutrients through trophic levels Recognize the appropriate taxonomic level of an organism based on key characteristics or traits
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis: supposition, based on previous observations Tested with experimentation
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis: supposition, based on previous observations Tested with experimentation
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory: an explanation of natural phenomena, developed through extensive observation and experimentation
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory: an explanation of natural phenomena, developed through extensive observation and experimentation “If we knew what we were doing, we wouldn’t call it RESEARCH.” - Albert Einstein
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory LAW: An absolute; a mathematically prove-able fact
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory LAW: Newton’s Law of Gravity
Chapter 1: Life on Earth A set of natural “laws” exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory Four LAWS of Thermodynamics
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE BIOTIC vs. ABIOTIC
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”?
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1.
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis Respond to stimuli from the environment 3.
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis Respond to stimuli from the environment 3. 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis Respond to stimuli from the environment 3. 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment Convert to usable form – GROW 5.
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis Respond to stimuli from the environment 3. 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment Convert to usable form – GROW 5. 6. Able to reproduce
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines “Alive”: set of characteristics Composed of cells with organized structure 1. 2. Organized structure is actively maintained – homeostasis Respond to stimuli from the environment 3. 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment Convert to usable form – GROW 5. 6. Able to reproduce Populations can evolve over time 7.
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution “Nothing in Biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution.” - Theodosius Dobzhansky
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution: Why don’t snakes have legs? Why do we find fossils of animals that don’t exist? Why do we share more than 95% of our genetic code with monkeys?
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification: Natural Selection Charles Darwin/Alfred Russel Wallace
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification: Natural Selection Traits that enhance an organism’s ability to SURVIVE to REPRODUCE and create VIABLE offspring
Chapter 1: Life on Earth THE BIOLOGICAL IMPERATIVE: SURVIVE to REPRODUCE and create VIABLE offspring.
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification: Natural Selection Traits vary according to organism
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution De s cent with modification: Natural Selection Traits vary according to organism Traits enhancing survivorship/reproduction are ADAPTATIONS
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Natural Selection: The Rules Variation must occur between individuals in a 1. population (“mutations”)
Chapter 1: Life on Earth
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Natural Selection: The Rules Variation must occur between individuals in a 1. population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Natural Selection: The Rules Variation must occur between individuals in a 1. population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population Some variations must enhance survivorship/ 3. reproductive ability
Baobab trees, Africa
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Natural Selection: The Rules Variation must occur between individuals in a 1. population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population Some variations must enhance survivorship/ 3. reproductive ability 4. Traits must be heritable
Chapter 1: Life on Earth DNA: the genetic “blueprint” of organisms
Chapter 1: Life on Earth DNA: the genetic “blueprint” of organisms
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Natural Selection: The Rules Variation must occur between individuals in a 1. population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population Some variations must enhance survivorship/ 3. reproductive ability 4. Traits must be heritable Beneficial traits accumulate in the population over 5. time
Adaptive Radiation
e.g. MRSA
Additional Evolutionary Processes Selective Breeding, e.g. Yard Dandelions
Additional Evolutionary Processes Selective Breeding, e.g. Brassica
Additional Evolutionary Processes Sexual Selection: Humans
Additional Evolutionary Processes Sexual Selection: Peacocks
Chapter 1: Life on Earth The Theory of Evolution Typically a very slow process, taking millions of years Current events: altering ability of organisms to adapt
Chapter 1: Life on Earth BI 101 Focus on: ECOLOGY and BIODIVERSITY
Chapter 1: Life on Earth BI 101 Focus on: ECOLOGY: the study of interactions between organisms and the environment (Unit 4)
Chapter 1: Life on Earth BI 101 Focus on: Biodiversity: the variability of life (Unit 3)
Chapter 1: Life on Earth BI 101 Focus on: Populations Species Communities Ecosystems Biospheres
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Categorization of Life
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Categorization of Life: Three domains of differing cell types PROKARYOTIC: cells do not have a nucleus Bacteria 1. 2. Archaebacteria
Chapter 1: Life on Earth Categorization of Life: Bacteria and Archaebacteria are single-celled, or unicellular
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