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Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

20min Break and Networking reminder: stop and restart WebEx Recording to reduce file size

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 10

Sara Scherr, Ph.D. President, EcoAgriculture Partners Chair, Landscapes for People, Food and Nature Initiative Seth Murray, Ph.D. (USDA‐OCS) moderating

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 11

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 1

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

www.ecoagriculture.org www.peoplefoodandnature.org

Agricultural Pr ricultural Production Landscapes:

• duction Landscapes:

Lon Long-t

• term r

erm research p search priorities in iorities in th the U e U.S. t

• S. to sustain

sustain pr produc

• ductivi

tivity ty, ec ecos

• sys

ystem heal health and pr th and pros

• sper

perous us communities communities

Sara Sara J.

• J. Sche

Scherr, Pre President, EcoA EcoAgricultu ture P Partners rs Wa Washington, D D.C. Februar bruary 3, 3, 20 2017

Agricultural lands—central to healthy ecosystems & biodiversity

> 60% 40- 60% 30- Annual crops as % land area 40%

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 2

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Healthy ecosystems—central to ag’l productivity, profits, resilience

Long-term goal: Re-shape the relation of farming & ecosystems

• From a leading threat to biodiversity, to a key pillar
• f our biodiversity conservation strategy
• From a leading consumer and polluter of water, to a

key contributor to healthy watersheds and reliable clean water supplies

• From a leading consumer of fossil fuels, to a

producer of renewable energy

• From a leading source of greenhouse gases, to one
• f the most important carbon sinks
• From a marginal role, to a key solution for nutrition,

employment, social inclusion, and rural renaissance The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 3

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Integrated landscape management

Agri-landscape partnerships

Lati Latin Amer America & & 20 2013-15

• 15

Africa frica S & SE S & SE Asia Europe Cari Caribbe bean Landscape partnerships 87 104 174 71 surveyed Reduce degradation, sustainable land management, Principal conserve biodiversity, improve food security, increase motivations productivity, improve water security, sustain cultural values Average # 8 7 6 8

• bjectives

Average # stake- 9 11 11 6 holder groups Most common Local govts, farmer associations, local NGOS, nat’l-int’l participants NGOs, agribusiness, national govts, regional agencies

Aust Australia – ralia – Land andcare, are, China – ina – inc ncip ipient, USA ient, USA - ??? ??

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 4

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Clark Fork River Coalition, Montana

Sc Science-based, c nce-based, community

• mmunity-focu

focused, sed, s stakeh eholder-in

• lder-informed,

rmed, and fuel and fueled ed and and sus sustai ained b by div diverse par partners rshi hips

Scientific research priorities

1) Collaborative research/info framework across sectors and scales 2) Agri-socio-ecological dynamics in agricultural landscapes 3) Landscape-scale ecosystem management to increase productivity and resilience 4) Technologies and tools to increase synergies and reduce tradeoffs among landscape values 5) Long-term, public-private-local research to support multi-stakeholder partnerships

* Adapted from Solutions from the Land. 2013. Developing a New Vision for United States Agriculture, Forestry, and Conservation. http://sfldialogue.net; Landscapes for People, Food and Nature Initiative Global Review findings, www.peoplefoodandnature.org

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 5

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Diana Jerkins Research Director Organic Farming Research Foundation Oral / no slides

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 12

Alexis Baden‐Mayer, Esq. Political Director Organic Consumers Association

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 13

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 6

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

ALEXIS BADEN-MAYER

Political Director RegenerationInternational.org

“Human vanity can best be served by a reminder that, whatever his accomplishments, his sophistication, his artistic pretension, man owes his very existence to a six-inch layer of top soil— and the fact that it rains.”

– The Cockle Bur, sometime between 1930 and 1968

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 7

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

“Climate change isn’t just an issue. It is the entire context in which we have to make all our public policy decisions.” –Congressman Jamie Raskin Flooding from Hurricane Isabel, Old Town, Alexandria, 2003

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 8

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Human agricultural activities have removed roughly 660 GtCO2 from terrestrial ecosystems.

Shifting to agricultural practices that can draw that carbon back down to the soil would:

• Reduce atmospheric CO2 by 40-70 ppm by 2100,
• Build soil instead of losing it, and
• Improve resilience to drought and floods, while
• Producing more food that’s more nutritious, and
• Generating higher farm incomes.

Kathleen Delate, Ph.D. Professor‐Organic Agriculture

• Depts. of Agronomy and Horticulture

Iowa State University Oral / no slides

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 14

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 9

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Ann Bybee‐Finley Doctoral student in Agronomy Soil and Crop Science Section School of Integrated Plant Sciences Cornell University

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 15

Co rne ll Unive rsity Susta ina b le Cro pping Syste ms L a b

https:/ / sc sla b c u.wo rdpre ss.c o m/

Ann Byb e e -F inle y

ka b 436@ c o rne ll.e du The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 10

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Building Re silie nt Cro pping Syste ms

F

• c us: Da iry pro duc e rs in the No rthe a st

R esilience

Ca pa c ity

R estor ative Capacity (Cro p I nsura nc e ) Adaptive Capacity (Do ub le Cro pping ) Absor ptive Capacity (I nte rc ro pping )

Ma tthe w Rya n, Ric ha rd Smith, He a the r Da rb y

E c o lo g ic a l I nsura nc e

Use s pra c tic e s tha t dra w o n e c o lo g y to re duc e risk Do ub le Cro pping

Spring Summe r F a ll Dry ma tte r pro duc tio n 83 % surve ye d NY fa rme rs (n = 30) pla nne d to c o ntinue to do ub le c ro p.

K e tte ring s, Q., e t a l. J Ag ric ultura l Sc ie nc e (2015)

I nte rc ro ps ha d g re a te r sta b ility in yie lds a c ro ss e nviro nme nts.

Byb e e -F inle y, A., e t a l. Cro p Sc ie nc e (2016)

I nte rc ro pping

Cash crop Overwintering crop

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 11

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Bruce Goldstein President Farmworker Justice Oral / no slides

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 16

Jerry Glover, Ph.D. National Geographic Explorer National Science and Technology Council's Subcommittee on Food and Agriculture Subcommittee on Ecosystem Services Senior Sustainable Agricultural Systems Advisor USAID

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 17

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 12

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

travellingmoods.com

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 13

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Global cropland (% of total area)

Fruits & vegetables 7% Roots & tubers 4% Tree crops 2% Forages 11% Other 3% Fiber 3% Cereals, oil seeds, legumes 68%

From Monfreda et al., 2008

Cereals, oil seeds, legumes 68%

These are all annual crops

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 14

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Perennial wheatgrass Annual wheat

3 m Annual wheat Perennial wheatgrass

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 15

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production” Perennial grain crops

Wheat Sorghum Oil seed crops Maize Legumes perennial rice Rice

Washington State University: Texas A&M: The Land Institute: perennial sorghum, sunflower, wheat, +. Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences CSIRO: perennial wheat

Global perennial grain programs

• Mich. State Univ.: perennial

wheat & wheatgrass Swedish University Ag Sci University of Manitoba Catedra de Cultivos Industriales: Lesquerella (mustard family) Nepal: perennial wheat

• Univ. Georgia: perennial

sorghum

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 16

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

• Dr. Dhruba Thapa

Nepal Agricultural Research Council Khumaltar Laitpur, Nepal High altitude perennial wheat

“…will increase food & forage security significantly in the region.” “…will help to minimize the workload of farmers, especially of women in the remote areas.” “…some of the 25 lines…appear highly resistant to yellow rust.” Deeper roots: “…more stable grain and biomass yields;…higher uptake of selenium, zinc, iron and other minerals.”

Perennial wheat: Long‐term crop breeding

Kernza: Med‐term opportunities but needs reliable sourcing The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 17

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production” Pigeon pea: Immediate use but needs improved traits

Perennial grain benefits

• 1. Human well‐being: Diversifies humanity’s key energy sources

(grains, legumes, oil seeds)

• 2. Environment: better protects soil and water, ‘feeds’ the soil, and

provides greater support to ecosystem services

• 3. Improved resource utilization: Increased nutrient use efficiency;

greater reliance on and support for on‐farm natural biological cycles; more photosynthesis

• 4. Climate change: Additional tools for farmers to respond to

increased rainfall intensity and prolonged drought

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 18

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Perennial grain opportunities

• 1. Advances in genomics, phenotyping, and bioinformatics potentially

reduce by half the breeding times needed

• 2. Perennial breeding programs add value to annual breeding

programs—’parallel complementary breeding strategies’ for improved nutrient use, pest resistance, drought tolerance

• 3. Advances in food processing lower adoption barriers & broaden

commercial potential

• 4. Recognition that farms must perform multiple functions—produce

food, support environment, manage water, support wildlife, etc

Perennial grain challenges

• 1. Sustained medium‐ to long‐term support is needed for

significant impact & will likely depend on public support for initial stages

• 2. High ‘procrastination penalty’—food crises elicit short‐

term solutions. Investments need to happen before crises

• ccur.
• 3. Questions remain about seed systems, pests and disease,

input requirements—difficult to answer until developed. [These don’t pose insurmountable problems].

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 19

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Investing in perennial grains:

1. Low‐risk, high‐potential impact

• Beyond proof‐of‐concept
• Large environmental & economic impact potential

2. Transformative game‐changer for agriculture (2010 Nat’l

• Acad. Sciences report on sustainable agriculture)

3. Addresses national and international agriculture priorities and needs

Seth Murray, Ph.D. (USDA‐OCS) Moderated Questions and Discussion Time

Sara Scherr Diana Jerkins Alexis Baden‐Mayer, Esq. Kathleen Delate, Ph.D. Ann Bybee‐Finley Bruce Goldstein Jerry Glover

reminder: if no live comments, go to WebEx chat

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 18

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 20

Stakeholder presentations for the USDA‐OCS March 2, 2017 public listening session “Visioning of United States Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production”

Lunch and Breakout Group number is on badges reminder: stop and restart WebEx Recording to reduce file size

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 19

Choose three to address, be specific

• What are the major strengths of current agricultural systems that are important to

maintain in future systems?

• What are the major weaknesses of current agricultural systems that could be improved
• n in future systems?
• What are the major opportunities for agricultural systems of the future? How can

technology and scientific findings facilitate these?

• What are the major threats for agricultural systems of the future?
• What research will be needed and how can this be accelerated?
• What infrastructure will be needed?
• What changes will be needed for new systems to succeed?
• How can we educate the next generation to solve these challenges?

Visioning of United States, (U.S.) Agricultural Systems for Sustainable Production Stakeholder Listening Session Meeting

Thursday, March 2, 2017 8:30am – 4:30pm USDA South Building Cafeteria

# 19

The comments and opinions expressed herein are those of individual stakeholders made publicly and do not necessarily represent those of USDA 21