Credit: Innovation Africa 1
Despite recent progress, quality of health care in sub-Saharan Africa remains a challenge 59% 72% 50% births attended by skilled child immunization health facilities lack health staff coverage (DPT-3) basic water services Source: WHO Source: WASH in health care facilities: Global baseline Source: WHO & UNICEF report 2019, WHO & UNICEF, 2019 200,000 93% 42% women die during sub-Saharan Africans sub-Saharan Africans say they have access to high- pregnancy or childbirth without access to timely, each year affordable, safe surgeries quality health care Source: WHO Source: The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery Source: Gallup World Poll 2
Infrastructure (including power) is key cost driver for SDG 3 Additional investment required to meet SDG 3 Billions of $ (2014) $274 billion / year Infrastructure Source: Financing transformative health systems towards achievement of the health Sustainable Development Goals: a model for projected resource needs in 67 low- 3 income and middle-income countries , Lancet Global Health, 2017
Quality of care relies on power… Credit: UNDP Zambia/Slingshot Credit: WASH in Health Care Facilities Credit: UNDP Zimbabwe /Slingshot Credit: UN Foundation Credit: UN Foundation Credit: Jake Lyell Credit: MSF-East Africa Credit: UNDP Zimbabwe /Slingshot Credit: UN Foundation 4 Credit: New York Times Credit: UNDP Zambia/Slingshot Credit: UN Foundation
…yet, too often health care looks like this 5 Credit: We Care Solar
Nearly 600 million Africans live without power Access deficit Million people 6 Source: Energy Access Outlook 2017: From Poverty to Prosperity, International Energy Agency, 2017
Health facilities are not immune to energy poverty Source of electricity for rural health facilities % 68% Ethiopia (rural) 7% 8% 2% 16% n=125 17% Kenya (rural) 1% 14% 9% 59% n=63 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% No electricity Solar lighting system Solar PV system Generator National grid Ethiopia Kenya • • Almost 7 out of 10 health facilities have no Almost 2 out of 10 health facilities in rural electricity. Access to electricity is a major areas have no access to grid electricity. • challenge. About 15% use off-grid solar solutions as a • 15% of health facilities in rural areas have main source of electricity. electricity from off-grid solar products. 7 Source: Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
Grid power isn’t a ‘silver bullet’ MTF Tier distribution among grid-connected rural health facilities % Ethiopia (rural) 26% 48% 26% n=39 Kenya (rural) 16% 59% 25% n=20 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 Tier 5 No power 24-hr power Ethiopia Kenya Main issues with the grid electricity Main issues with the grid electricity • • Availability: 25% have <8 hours of electricity Reliability: 88% experiencing 4-14 times or • Reliability: 40% having >14 interruptions per week more than 2 hours of interruptions per • Quality: 28% experience severe voltage week . fluctuations 8 Source: Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
With power, comes the opportunity to improve health services Availability of medical equipment in rural health facilities % 9 Source: Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
Business-as-usual (grid extension) leaves a big access gap Electrification rate People without access % Million people 10 Source: Energy Access Outlook 2017: From Poverty to Prosperity, International Energy Agency, 2017
Facility-based care is more important than ever Facility-based delivery trends in Africa % of all births taking place within a facility 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Ghana Benin Chad Dem. Rep. Congo Uganda Tanzania Rwanda Namibia Lesotho 11 Source: Demographic and Health Surveys Program
Cost of clean energy is lower than ever before… Solar prices $/W PV module prices have declined 93% in the last decade Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance 12
…enabling a range of decentralized clean energy solutions Mini-grids Higher Tier 5 Facility-wide ‘Micro - grids’ Tier 4 Solar Kiosks Level of Access Stand-alone Tier 3 Solutions Tier 2 Portable Solutions Tier 1 Lower 13
Off-gridsolutions are least-cost option for remote facilities Decentralized energy will be the least-cost electricity solution for 450 million rural Africans New connections On-grid Mini-grid Off-grid Source: Energy Access Outlook 2017: From Poverty to Prosperity, International Energy Agency, 2017 14
Energy efficient medical equipment can drive costs down significantly Comparative Costs of Stand- alone Power Equipped with… Conventional Energy Efficient Simulation of rural Kenyan Medical Equipment Medical Equipment facility @ 8.6kWh/day • Lighting 15-25% • Refrigeration savings • Radio • Computer • Lab centrifuge • Microscope • Blood chemical analyzer • Hematology analyzer • CD4 machine Operating Expense Capital Expense Source: Access to Modern Energy Services for Health Facilities in Resource-Constrained Settings 15 World Health Organization & World Bank, 2015
Distributed energy contributes to more resilient health systems Credit: REUTERS/Philimon Bulawayo 16
Powering universal health care Providing Access Ensuring Quality Reducing Costs Building Resilience Credit: UNDP / Karin Schermbrucker for Slingshot 17 Credit: UNDP Zambia/Slingshot
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