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Oil of wintergreen contains methyl salicylate which has anti-inflammatory properties and is closely related to the well-known medication aspirin
Wintergreen
H O O O
aspirin
(acetylsalicylic acid)
1 H O O O Oil of wintergreen contains methyl salicylate which - - PDF document
1 H O O O Oil of wintergreen contains methyl salicylate which - - PDF document
1 H O O O Oil of wintergreen contains methyl salicylate which has anti-inflammatory properties and is closely Wintergreen related to the well-known medication aspirin aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) 2 Bob Holton Department of
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Bob Holton
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University
Total Synthesis –
Synthesis of a “natural product” from all non-natural (i.e. not biological in origin) starting materials; yields often very low. So why do it? It’s hard; it’s a race (i.e. there is a winner); the synthetic procedure you develop to solve this problem can then be applied to other desired compounds; the students who do this work go on to solve other important problems.
“Semi”-synthesis –
Synthesis of a “natural product” starting with a readily available natural product of lesser complexity; hence much higher yields. Why do it? More people get the drug; oh yes..... $$$$$$$
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Holton started with 10- Deacetylbaccatin III (or 10- DAB), a natural compound found in abundance in the needles of the English yew, a common European
- shrub. Attaching a 34 atom
ester side-chain at a particular site, plus a few
- ther steps, produced
significant amounts of Taxol.
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Orbitals (shapes and energies) Quantum numbers (n, l, ml)
Quantum (wave) mechanics
Dual particle- wave nature
- f matter
Electro- magnetic radiation Waves
Retrosynthesis
- f Atomic
Orbitals
Why are fire trucks red?
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Why are fire trucks red?
- A. Red paint is the cheapest.
- B. People like red the most.
- C. Red paint is easiest to see.
In the early 1970s, Ward LaFrance created what was probably the most controversial issue ever to hit the apparatus field. By aggressively marketing a new color for fire apparatus, lime green, as being more visible and therefore safer, a wedge was driven into the fire service. Traditionalists stood behind the old standard red, while "progressive" fire service personnel preached the advantages of the new color.
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At one point, there were actually more apparatus being delivered in the new color than the traditional red. Many fire departments, both large and small, switched to the new color.
http://www.firehouse.com/magazine/american/apparatus.html
Contemporary Color Theory and Use: Theory and Use Steven Bleicher, Cengage Learning, 2004; page 42
For years, fire trucks have been painted red, hence the name “fire-truck red.” But several years ago it was discovered that this red hue is hard to see at dawn and dusk when there is little
- light. Today, yellow-green is used for fire trucks
and hydrants because it can be seen from farthest awar, regardless of the light and time
- f day. Years from now when school children ask
what color fire trucks are, they will answer “yellow-green.”
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http://acept.asu.edu/PiN/rdg/rainbow/secondary.shtml FSU vs. NCSU game October 6, 2007
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= wavelength = frequency c = speed of light
c =
1/
1
http://www.smc.edu/AcademicPrograms/PhysicalSciences/Documents/ Chemistry_11_Experiments/Mn_Lab.pdf
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ROY G. BIV
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= wavelength = frequency c = speed of light
c =
1/
=========================================
blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect
E = Ephoton = h
1
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http://webvision.med.utah.edu/imageswv/spectra.jpeg http://www.amastro2.org/at/ot/othcs.gif
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Many fire departments, both large and small, switched to the new color. But after about a decade, departments began to switch back to red. Many apparatus were repainted. Virtually every large department that had gone to the new color returned to red. Currently, few new apparatus are being delivered that are painted lime green.
http://www.firehouse.com/magazine/american/apparatus.html
“the size of the wave matches the size of the antenna”
processes involving the nucleus processes involving core electrons excite/remove valence and bonding electrons vibrate bonds between atoms rotate molecules
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20 cm = 0.020 m
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electrons diffracted off aluminum foil X-rays diffracted off aluminum foil
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Orbitals (shapes and energies) Quantum numbers (n, l, ml)
Quantum (wave) mechanics
Dual particle- wave nature
- f matter
Electro- magnetic radiation Waves
We are here!
De Broglie wavelength = h/(mv)
everything has a wavelength, but it only becomes important at very low masses (electrons, atoms) or very low speeds
Heisenberg uncertainty principle x p ≥ h/(4)
- 1. we cannot know anything with perfect accuracy; i.e. no determinism
- 2. the very act of measuring something changes the thing we were
measuring; i.e. there are no innocent measurements – we are tied to what we observe
- 3. at the atomic level, the universe is Bizarro World
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfPeprQ7oGc
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Orbitals (shapes and energies) Quantum numbers (n, l, ml)
Quantum (wave) mechanics
Dual particle- wave nature
- f matter
Electro- magnetic radiation Waves
Chapter 7 We are here!
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Energy n = 1 n = 2 n = 3 n = ∞ E1 = 2.18 x 10-18 J E2 = -5.45 x 10-19 J E3 = 2.42 x 10-19 J E∞ = 0 J … …
En = h2/(82meao
2n2) = 2.18 x 10-18 J/n2
Empirical From the Bohr Model (Quantum)
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Energy n = 1 n = 2 n = 3 n = ∞ E1 = -2.18 x 10-18 J E2 = -5.45 x 10-19 J E3 = -2.42 x 10-19 J E∞ = 0 J … …
En = -h2/(82meao
2n2) = -2.18 x 10-18 J/n2
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n principal quantum number n can have values 1, 2, … gives info about energy and distance from nucleus
l
- rbital angular momentum quantum number
l can have values 0 (s), 1 (p), 2 (d), 3 (f), .... n-1
gives information about shape
s orbital p orbitals d orbitals
ml magnetic quantum number ml can have the values (l), (l)+1, ... 0, 1 ..., l1, l gives the number of “orbitals” (2l + 1) for that l value