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Why Open Data? Closed Data is Bad For You Ingo R. Keck - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Why Open Data? Closed Data is Bad For You Ingo R. Keck - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Why Open Data? Closed Data is Bad For You Ingo R. Keck ingo.keck@openknowledge.ie Open Knowledge Ireland CC-BY-SA 2014-05-09 Table of Contents Government and Open Data Open Data Open Data Users Open Data Definition The Data Pipeline
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Open Data Definition
A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike. (Open Knowledge, http://opendefinition.org)
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Open Data Economic Impact
Open data can generate more than $3 trillion a year in additional value in key sectors of the global economy, including education, health, transportation, and electricity. (McKinsey via The White House http://www.whitehouse.gov/ blog/2014/04/08/impact-open-data)
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Open Data 500
http://www.opendata500.com
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Open Data Motivation . . . that is all very nice, but what is in it for me?
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Wikipedia . . . how has it changed your life?
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Open Street Maps
OpenStreetMap is a map of the world, created by people like you and free to use under an open license. http://www.openstreetmap.org
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Open Street Maps
What you can do:
◮ Get maps from all over the world ◮ Free and open usage ◮ Download it to be independent ◮ Add local environment ◮ Correct errors ◮ Update yourself ◮ Machine readable
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Open Street Maps
What you can do:
◮ Get maps from all over the world ◮ Free and open usage ◮ Download it to be independent ◮ Add local environment ◮ Correct errors ◮ Update yourself ◮ Machine readable
Before Open Streetmap:
◮ Espensive, closed, not updateable ◮ Sublicenses impossible or extremly costly
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Example
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Aplications
◮ Mobile apps: Take the Map with you, no data charges ◮ GIS: Add local data to the Map like flood levels, damages, etc ◮ Websites: How to get to your shop? ◮ Visualisation: Where are your trucks? ◮ Visualisation: Where is the flooding)? ◮ Visualisation: Where should I buy a house? ◮ . . .
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Fix My Street
http://fixmystreet.ie/
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Snowden NSA, GHCS, Heartbleed, RC4, whole country phone tapping, predictable random number generaters, . . .
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Snowden NSA, GHCS, Heartbleed, RC4, whole country phone tapping, predictable random number generaters, . . . . . . How has your live changed since then?
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Snowden NSA, GHCS, Heartbleed, RC4, whole country phone tapping, predictable random number generaters, . . . . . . How has your live changed since then? . . . And it still is (mostly) closed data. :-(
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Open Data Users Who uses open data from the government?
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Open Data Users Who uses open data from the government?
In Norway 20 % of FOIs for government information are coming from officials inside government. (2014-05-11 tweet by @anpe (Anders Pedersen), openspending.org)
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Government Open Data Use
Common problems:
◮ Do you know what data is in your department? ◮ Do you know what data is in the other departments? ◮ Do you know what data is in the central government ◮ Do you know what data is in the local governments?
If you make it open:
◮ You are transparent (no more FOI request!) ◮ You are up-to-date ◮ You know what is going on ◮ Synergies can be found (let’s optimize!)
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Open Government Partnership
http://opengovpartnership.org/
◮ More Transparency ◮ More Acountability ◮ More Citizen Participation ◮ Open Data by Default ◮ FOI
2011 8 countries 2013 64 countries 2014 64 + 7 countries
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Open Government Partnership
http://opengovpartnership.org/
◮ More Transparency ◮ More Acountability ◮ More Citizen Participation ◮ Open Data by Default ◮ FOI
2011 8 countries 2013 64 countries 2014 64 + 7 countries
→ OGP is not going to go away!
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The Data Pipeline - The Old Way
Document Document Document
Document
Document
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The Data Pipeline - The Old Way
Document Document Document
Document
Document
Manual reporting is slow and expensive!
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The Data Pipeline - The New Way
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The Data Pipeline - The New Way Automatic reporting is fast and cheap!
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
http://www.bmvit.gv.at/verkehr/strasse/sicherheit/kinder/ kinderhelmpflicht.html
2011 Helmet campaign by Austrian Ministry for Traffic, Innovation and Technology: ”900 head injuries per year could be evaded with a child helmet law” (up to 10 years)
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
http://www.bmvit.gv.at/verkehr/strasse/sicherheit/kinder/ kinderhelmpflicht.html
2011 Helmet campaign by Austrian Ministry for Traffic, Innovation and Technology: ”900 head injuries per year could be evaded with a child helmet law” (up to 10 years)
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Open Data to the Resue!
. . .
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Parlamentarian Process
External experts:
◮ How can 900 head injuries be avoided if there are only 625
children injured and most of them already use helmets?
◮ Experience from Australia: Helmet laws do not increase
helmet usage, they reduce bicyle usage without helmet
◮ Helmet laws increase accident risk and risk of injury for
cyclists (http:
//www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/ME/ME_00261/index.shtml, especially http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/SNME/SNME_ 06080/imfname_208927.pdf)
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Parlamentarian Process
External experts:
◮ How can 900 head injuries be avoided if there are only 625
children injured and most of them already use helmets?
◮ Experience from Australia: Helmet laws do not increase
helmet usage, they reduce bicyle usage without helmet
◮ Helmet laws increase accident risk and risk of injury for
cyclists Reaction of austrain parlament:
◮ increase range of law from up to 10 years to up to 12 years. ◮ put helmet law in force with May 2011
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
First results:
http://www.bmvit.gv.at/presse/archiv/2012/0606kinderradhelme.html
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
First results:
◮ helmet usage up from 65 % to 86 % (2009 - 2011) ◮ 4500 children in 2011 in hospital due to bicycle accident ◮ 1900 (42 %) with head injury in 2011 ◮ 47 % with head injury in 2009 (year from context, not directly
given)
◮ 100 head injuries less due to helmet law
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
. . . Wait a minute?!
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
◮ helmet usage up from 65 % to 86 % (2009 - 2011) ◮ 4500 children in 2011 in hospital due to bicycle accident
625 in 2009?
◮ 1900 (42 %) with head injury in 2011 ◮ 47 % with head injury in 2009 (year from context) ◮ 100 head injuries less due to helmet law
Was that not supposed to be 900?
◮ Funny coincidence that numbers are exact hundreds ◮ if 21 % points increase in useage is because 29% gave up
cycling (like in australia), then the head injuries number with no effect should be 1350, but we have 1900?
◮ 2624 non-head injuries now vs 2255 before law?
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/29/business/ a-bicycling-mystery-head-injuries-piling-up.html
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
Let us find out what happened!
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Bicycle Helmet Law in Austria
Austria: Since May 2011 children up to 12 years old have to wear a bicycle helmet when cycling
◮ Ministry announcment based on study by Kuratorium fr
Verkehrssicherheit (KfV)
◮ 2013-09-13: Email enquirey to KfV asking for access and
more details on results
◮ 2013-09-30: KfV responds that study is property of Ministery
BMVIT.
◮ 2013-09-30: Website contact form inquiry to Ministery
BMVIT.
◮ 2013-11-21: Email enquiry on the state of the enquiry ◮ 2013-12-14: BMVIT response that the study is internal use
- nly and can not be accessed.
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Closed Data Really Hurts
Open questions:
◮ Study numbers vs. official statistics: Which one is wrong? ◮ Did accident rates sky-rocket? ◮ Did head injury rates sky-rocket? ◮ What should I do with my children?
. . . Closed Data Hurts!
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Tamiflu (r)
http://www.bmj.com/tamiflu
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Tamiflu (r)
http://www.bmj.com/tamiflu
. . . Closed Data Hurts!
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Table of Contents
Open Data Open Data Definition Economic Impact Wikipedia Open Street Maps Fix My Street Snowden Government and Open Data Open Data Users The Data Pipeline Closed Data Hurts Bicycle Helmet Law Tamiflu It Is Not Just Open Data
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