Treating Crohns and Colitis in the ASC Kimberly M Persley, MD - - PDF document

treating crohn s and colitis in the asc
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Treating Crohns and Colitis in the ASC Kimberly M Persley, MD - - PDF document

3/2/2018 Treating Crohns and Colitis in the ASC Kimberly M Persley, MD Texas Digestive Disease consultants TASC Meeting Outline IBD 101 Diagnosis Treatment Burden of Disease Role of ASC Inflammatory Bowel Disease


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Treating Crohn’s and Colitis in the ASC

Kimberly M Persley, MD Texas Digestive Disease consultants TASC Meeting

Outline

  • IBD 101
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Burden of Disease
  • Role of ASC

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Indeterminate colitis

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Inflammatory Bowel disease

2015 report‐‐‐3 million US adults with

Inflammatory bowel disease Dahlhamer J. MMWR 2016;65(42)1166‐69

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Worldwide Inflammatory Bowel Disease

  • Chronic inflammation
  • IBD is not IBS
  • Remission/Relapses
  • Lifelong condition
  • Young age of onset
  • Second peak in 6th decade
  • Women and men are affected equally
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Normal vs inflammatory bowel disease Environmental triggers Clinical Features: UC vs CD

Ulcerative Colitis Crohn’s Disease Abdominal pain Less frequent frequent Bloody diarrhea frequent

  • ccasional

Abdominal mass never frequent Intestinal obstruction never frequent Perianal disease Almost never frequent Fistula never common Effect of smoking protective detrimental Systemic symptoms Less common common

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Crohn’s Disease

  • Inflammation can involve any

part of the GI tract

  • Inflammation is transmural
  • Fistula
  • Abscesses
  • Surgery is not a cure

Endoscopic Appearance of Crohn’s Disease

  • Apthous ulceration
  • Deep fissure
  • Cobblestoning
  • Inflammation is segmental
  • Rectal spraring
  • Terminal ileum involved
  • Granuloma on biopsies

Ulcerative colitis

  • Inflammation in limited to the

colon

  • Inflammation in the mucosa
  • Surgery will cure
  • Eligible for Jpouch
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Endoscopic Appearance of Ulcerative Colitis

  • Inflammation is superficial
  • Diffuse
  • Rectal involvement
  • Normal terminal ileum

Assessment of Disease Activity

  • Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
  • Harvey‐Bradshaw Index
  • Mayo UCDAI
  • Sutherland UCDAI
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ)
  • Endoscopic scoring system

Treatment Pyramid

Biologics Cyclosporine 6mercaptopurine azathioprine corticosteroids Budesonide Antibiotics 5ASA Mild Moderate Severe Research

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Medical Therapy

Asacol HD Pentasa Lialda Apriso Balsalazide Sulfasalazine Canasa Rowasa Prednisone Budesonide Remicade Humira Cimzia Entyvio Simponi Stelara Azathioprine 6Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Cyclosporine Mesalamines corticosteroids Biologics Immunosuppressive

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

  • Expensive disease
  • Lifelong condition
  • No known cure
  • Significant health cost
  • Significant economic cost

Burden of Disease‐Use of Healthcare

Crohn’s Disease

  • 1.1 ambulatory care visits a yr
  • 1.8 million prescription written

for CD medications

  • 187,000 hospitalization

specifically for CD

  • 75% will require surgery

Ulcerative colitis

  • 716,000 ambulatory care visit a

yr

  • 2.1 million prescription written

for UC medications

  • 107,000 hospitalizations

specifically for UC

  • 25% will require surgery

Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation Website, 2004 data

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Burden of Disease‐Psychological Health

  • Flare ups can be painful, unpredictable, inconvenient and

embarrassing

  • Patient may present with anger, anxiety and fear
  • Anxiety and Depression are higher in IBD populations and it is

recommended that ALL patient with IBD get screened for anxiety and depression.

Burden of Disease‐Financial Burden

  • Direct Cost
  • Hospitalization
  • Physician services
  • Prescription drugs
  • OTC medications
  • Nursing care
  • procedures
  • Indirect Cost
  • Value of lost earnings or

productivity

  • Value of leisure time lost

Cost of IBD

$0 $2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000 $14,000 $16,000 $18,000 $20,000 annual cost

Annual Cost

CD UC control

  • Annual direct cost
  • CD and UC patient
  • Marketscan data base
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Case Presentation

  • ET is a 36 yo woman with Crohn’s colitis
  • In 2008, she was diagnosed with left sided colitis treated with Asacol and

steroids

  • In 2012, stopped medications when she became pregnancy
  • In 2014, she was seen as a new patient. She complaint of diarrhea 8 to 10

bowel movement a day, abdominal pain and weight loss. She started on Lialda

  • 1/2015, EGD, colonoscopy and CT small bowel performed for ongoing

symptoms.

  • Colonoscopy with right sided inflammation with a stricture. Diagnosis of Crohn’s disease
  • Normal CT small bowel
  • Started Humira

Case Presentation

  • 8/2015 repeat colonoscopy with

stricture and active inflammation in the right colon. The stricture dilated.

  • 7/2016 recurrent right sided

abdominal pain and diarrhea. Colonoscopy with dilation of stricture

  • Recurrent symptoms and referred

to CRS for limited ileocolonic resection

Case Presentation

  • 12/2017 underwent post
  • perative colonoscopy and

found to have active ileitis at the neo‐terminal ileum

  • Changed to Remicade
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Role of Endoscopy

  • Confirm diagnosis
  • Differentiate between Ulcerative Colitis vs Crohn’s Disease
  • Obtain histologic confirmation
  • Assess disease severity and distribution
  • Assess mucosal healing
  • Surveillance for dysplasia

Role of Endoscopy in IBD

  • Pouchoscopy
  • Dilation of anorectal stricture
  • Upper endoscopy
  • Chromoendoscopy
  • Surveillance for dysplasia

Pouchoscopy

A gastroscope typically used Biopsies taken Dilation of IPAA Endoscopic Jpouch images

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Chromoendoscopy

  • Dilute spray applied to the colon
  • Increase yield of dysplastic

lesion

Bowel Preparation

  • Split dose prep is recommended for all patients
  • Avoid Sodium Phosphate bowel preps
  • Increase mucosal injury
  • Erosions may be seen

Procedure Comfort

  • Quick check in
  • Privacy in Pre‐op area
  • Adequate anesthesia
  • Allow for time of questions following the procedure
  • Patient/family have a lot questions about diagnosis and treatment
  • Patient/family will have questions regarding diet
  • Resources
  • www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org
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Healthcare Today

  • US Healthcare is the most costly in the world (17% GDP)
  • National Healthcare Expenditure Projections, 2010‐2020. Centers for

Medicare and Medicaid Services, Office of the Actuary.

  • Aging populations and increased longevity, coupled with chronic

health problems, have become a global challenge, putting new demands on medical and social service

  • The IHI Triple Aim is a framework developed by the Institute for

Healthcare Improvement that describes an approach to optimizing health system performance

The Triple Aim

Berwick, DM et al. Health Aff (Millwood). 27(3):759‐69. 2008. Berwick, DM et al. Health Aff (Millwood). 27(3):759‐69. 2008.

ASC and the Triple AIM

  • Berwick, DM et al. Health Aff (Millwood). 27(3):759‐69. 2008.
  • Improve the value of healthcare
  • Control cost
  • Integrate care
  • Improve outcomes
  • Improve the patient care experience

quality Value = cost

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Procedural Cost

  • Professional Fee
  • Facility Fee
  • Office Endoscopy
  • Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC)
  • Hospital Outpatient Department (HOPD)
  • Anesthesia
  • Drugs
  • Professional Fee
  • Pathology
  • Professional Fee
  • Technical Component
  • Special Stains

Cost Variation in Colonoscopy

James C. Robinson and Kimberly MacPherson. Health Affairs 2012,31:9

Conclusions

  • IBD is an EXPENSIVE disease
  • Medications
  • Procedures
  • The incidence of IBD is rising
  • IBD is a lifelong disease
  • ASCs are integral in providing quality care at a lower cost
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Thank you!

  • Questions