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Toward a Theory of Social Institutions Ellen Lust, University of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Toward a Theory of Social Institutions Ellen Lust, University of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Toward a Theory of Social Institutions Ellen Lust, University of Gothenburg Goals Provide Framework for Understanding Role of Social Institutions Define Social Institutions (SIs) Distinguish SIs from other Concepts Demonstrate
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Social Institutions
The rules – written or unwritten – that govern social relations within a community, the rewards accorded to observing them and costs of transgression * Cradle to Grave: marry, children reared, resources distributed, security ensured, buried and inheritance * Rules: group boundary maintenance, reciprocity, risk management * Slow-Moving/Sticky
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What Social Institutions are Not
- Not Organizations
- Not Informal Institutions
- Not Social Capital or Social Networks
- Not Social Composition – ethnicity, urban/rural, etc.
- Not Culture – rules vs. preferences
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What Social Institutions Do
- 1. Indirect Influences (examples)
Reciprocity, Group Boundaries: Patron-Client relations Homosociality: Gender imbalances in political office holding 2. Direct Incentives (examples) Maintenance of social relations/norms: Voting, Bureaucratic “Corruption”
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Why Take Social Institutions Seriously?
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Ethnicity and Service Provision: Sub-National Variation in Ethnicization
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10 6 14 8 9 17 8 7 5 9 15 6 6 7 3 16 3 7 7 9 4 3 11 5 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Bayda Tobruk Benghazi Ajdabiya Sirte Sabha Ubari Gharian Misrata Khoms Tripoli Aziziya Zawiya
Elections and Electoral Rules: Distribution of Majoritarian and PR Seats, Libya
Majoritarian PR
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Preliminary Framework for Incorporating Social Institutions into Political Science:
ORGANIZATION NAME (CHANGE HEADER USE THE INSERT TAB-HEADER/FOOTER)
Ø Differentiated or Uniform Roles and Rules Ø Content of Norms and Rules: reciprocity, risk mitigation, boundary maintenance Ø Overlapping and Segmented Domains/Cleavages: Individuals under multiple SIs (kin, religious, colleagues) Ø Constituencies: SIs in locality: multiple vs. single communities? Ø Strength: density of social ties, connectivity Ø Legitimacy/Consensus: over rule vs. threshold of applicability
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Methodological Challenges and Solutions?
- 1. Challenges:
– Disentangling Political and Social Institutions – Determining the Appropriate Level of Analysis – Isolating/Specifying Social Institutions
- 2. Approach/Solutions:
– Arenas of Interest: Gender, Migration, Ethnicity – Determining the Appropriate Level of Analysis
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