Time and Money: Using Federal Data to Measure the Value of Performing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Time and Money: Using Federal Data to Measure the Value of Performing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Time and Money: Using Federal Data to Measure the Value of Performing Arts Activities May 2011 Office of Research & Analysis National Endowment for the Arts arts.gov/research 1 Value as Expressed by Size of Industry, Workforce, Revenue


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Time and Money:

Using Federal Data to Measure the Value of Performing Arts Activities

May 2011

Office of Research & Analysis National Endowment for the Arts arts.gov/research

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SLIDE 2
  • Size of Industry, Workforce, Revenue

‐United States Census Bureau

  • Consumer Spending

‐Bureau of Economic Analysis

  • Consumer Spending

‐Bureau of Labor Statistics

Value as Expressed by

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SLIDE 3

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Number of Establishments)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007

= for‐profit 5,000 10,000

4,899

2,500 7,500

Furniture repair shops Movie theaters General medical and surgical hospitals

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SLIDE 4

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Number of Establishments)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007

5,000

8,840

10,000

Life insurance firms Business, management, and computer training schools Men’s clothing stores

2,500 7,500

4,899

= not‐for‐profit = for‐profit

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SLIDE 5

50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000

54,000 Cable companies Public relations agencies Computer and office machine repair

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Number of Paid Workers)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007

= for‐profit

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SLIDE 6

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Number of Paid Workers)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007 127,648

50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000

Catering Marketing consultancies Ambulance services 54,000

= not‐for‐profit = for‐profit

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SLIDE 7

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Number of Paid Workers)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007

50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000

Oil and gas pipeline construction Advertising agencies Coffee shops 183,648 127,648 54,000

= not‐for‐profit = for‐profit = self‐employed

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U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Total Revenue of Organizations)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007

$5 bil.

$8 bil.

$10 bil. $15 bil. $20 bil.

Cafeterias and buffets Drycleaning and laundry services Parking lots and garages

= for‐profit

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SLIDE 9

U.S. Performing Arts Industry

(Total Revenue of Organizations)

Source: U.S. Economic Census, 2007 $13.6 bil.

$5 bil. $10 bil. $15 bil. $20 bil.

HR consulting services Ambulatory surgical and emergency centers Direct mail advertising $8 bil.

= for‐profit = not‐for‐profit

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SLIDE 10

Not‐for‐Profit Performing Arts Industry Revenue by Source

Source: 2007 Economic Census, U.S. Census Bureau

46% 41% 13% Earned Income Contributed Income Individuals 21% Foundations 8% Business 6% Government 4% Other 2% Other Income

Total: $5.6 bil.

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$14.5 bil.

U.S. Consumer Spending on Admissions

$5 bil. $9 bil. $13 bil. $17 bil. $21 bil. Sporting events Performing arts Movie theaters Museums and libraries

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, 2009

Car, van, and truck rentals ($11.4 bil.) Moving, storage, and freight delivery ($15.5 bil.) Parking fees and tolls ($15.6 bil.)

$6 bil. $10.5 bil. $20.5 bil.

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  • Size of Industry, Workforce, Revenue

‐United States Census Bureau

  • Consumer Spending

‐Bureau of Economic Analysis

  • Consumer Spending

‐Bureau of Labor Statistics

Value as Expressed by

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SLIDE 13

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Movie attendance 1 mil. 2 mil. 3 mil. 4 mil.

Number of Americans Doing Selected Cultural Activities on an Average Day

Sports attendance Museum visits Performing arts attendance Other arts and entertainment Arts/crafts activities

Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003‐2009

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SLIDE 14

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Movie attendance 1 mil. 2 mil. 3 mil. 4 mil.

Number of Americans Doing Selected Cultural Activities on an Average Day

Sports attendance Museum visits Performing arts attendance Other arts and entertainment Arts/crafts activities 6.5 mil. did at least

  • ne activity

Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003‐2009

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SLIDE 15

Percent of those who attend, by time of day

WHEN DO THEY ATTEND?

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

10 AM 11 AM 12 PM 1 PM 2 PM 3 PM 4 PM 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM 8 PM 9 PM 10 PM 11 PM

Performing Arts Museums Sports

Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003-2009

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WHERE DO THEY ATTEND?

65% 10% 9% 8% 8% 4% 36% 64% Places of Worship Schools Outdoors, away from home Bars and restaurants Other

Performing Arts Attendees

“Other” Arts and Entertainment Attendees

Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003-2009

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Time spent on an average day Watching TV and movies 3:18 Sports‐going 2:48 “Other” arts and entertainment 2:42 Performing arts attendance 2:36 Arts/crafts 2:30 Museum‐going 2:24 Write for personal interest 1:36 Use computer for leisure 1:30 Read for personal interest 1:24

TIME SPENT ON SELECTED CULTURAL ACTIVITIES

How long?

Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003-2009

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SLIDE 18

Percent of Americans doing the activity with friends Performing arts attendance 41% Sports‐going 33% Movie‐going 31% Other arts and entertainment 23% Museum‐going 19% Arts/crafts 5% Watch TV and movies 5% Use computer for leisure 2% Write for personal interest 1% Read for personal interest <1%

TIME SPENT ON SELECTED CULTURAL ACTIVITIES

With whom?

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Source: American Time Use Survey, 2003-2009

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SLIDE 19
  • Social Capital

‐Performing arts attendees are 3.5 times more likely than non‐ attendees to volunteer in their communities ‐Regardless of education, gender, or age, performing arts attendance boosts the likelihood of volunteering by 25 percentage points ‐1.6 million Americans volunteer primarily or secondarily with arts organizations, and 7.1 million provide “free artistic services” to non‐arts groups

(Source: Nichols et al., NEA Research Notes #94 and #95, 2007)

Value as Expressed by

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Measures of Subjective Well‐Being

Happiness Surveys

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  • Measures of subjective well‐being have recently gained

credence (Stiglitz and Sen)

  • Alan Krueger and the National Institute on Aging

(Scale of 0‐6) 4.3 happiness score for listening to music 2.7 happiness score for doing homework

  • Special considerations for arts participation

Happiness Surveys

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Other Models, Other Measures

  • Economic Impact Studies

(New spending, indirect spending/multipliers)

  • Contingent Valuation Studies

(Willingness to pay)

  • Hedonic Housing Price Models

(Proximity to arts and culture)

  • Cultural Asset Clusters

(Social and economic development)

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