The Direct Energy Consumption of ICT Digitalization and the Rebound - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Direct Energy Consumption of ICT Digitalization and the Rebound - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Direct Energy Consumption of ICT Digitalization and the Rebound Effect - Seminar HS2019 Zuowen Wang | | Zuowen Wang 13.10.2019 1 Road Map 1. Three major domains a. Personal Computers b. Communication Networks c. Data Centers 2.

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Digitalization and the Rebound Effect - Seminar HS2019 Zuowen Wang

The Direct Energy Consumption of ICT

13.10.2019 Zuowen Wang 1

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Road Map

  • 1. Three major domains
  • a. Personal Computers
  • b. Communication Networks
  • c. Data Centers
  • 2. Methodologies/Approaches
  • 3. Outlook：5G Base Stations
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Three Domains

Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012 Personal Computers Communication Networks Data Centers

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Road Map

  • 1. Three major domains
  • a. Personal Computers
  • b. Communication Networks
  • c. Data Centers
  • 2. Methodologies/Approaches
  • 3. Outlook：5G Base Stations
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Personal Computers

  • Laptops
  • Desktops
  • LCD Monitors
  • CRT Monitors

No smartphone/ tablet/ PDA etc.

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Personal Computers

  • Laptops
  • Desktops
  • LCD Monitors
  • CRT Monitors

No smartphone/ tablet/ PDA etc.

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PC: Laptops, Desktops & Household, Office

13.10.2019 Zuowen Wang 7

Approach: Annual Sales Data & lifetime distribution & energy/device

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PC: Laptops, Desktops & Household, Office

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Goal: Estimate #Laptops and #Desktops

  • 1. sales data 1991-2010 (available)

future sales data 2011-2012 exponential extrapolation

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PC: Laptops, Desktops & Household, Office

13.10.2019 Zuowen Wang 9

[1] UN, World population prospects: the 2010 revision, UN population Division, 2011 [2] UN, Millennium development goals indicators, UN Statistics Division, 2010.

Goal: Estimate #Laptops and #Desktops

  • 2. #PC 2000-2006 (available) & #sales 1991-2006 (available)

#PC in use year since purchase 2.5 years Lifetime distribution of PCs

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PC: Laptops, Desktops & Household, Office

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[3]A brief history of personal computer vendors. Asymco [4]KPCB top mobile internet trends. M.Murphy [5]Energy consumption of consumer electronics in US homes in 2010. B. Urban

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PC: Laptops, Desktops & Household, Office

13.10.2019 Zuowen Wang 11

[3]A brief history of personal computer vendors. Asymco [4]KPCB top mobile internet trends. M.Murphy [5]Energy consumption of consumer electronics in US homes in 2010. B. Urban

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External Monitors

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[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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In Total

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[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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In Total

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1.6% 1.3%

[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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Presence and Future?

  • LCD Monitors “LED” is a type of LCD monitor:

20%-30% of power saving, can be used typically 5-10 years

  • CRT Monitors

Future: maybe OLED monitor

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Presence and Future?

  • LCD Monitors “LED” is a type of LCD monitor:

1/10 of energy consumption, can be used over decades

  • CRT Monitors

Future: maybe OLED

[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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Road Map

  • 1. Three major domains
  • a. Personal Computers
  • b. Communication Networks
  • c. Data Centers
  • 2. Methodologies/Approaches
  • 3. Outlook：5G Base Stations
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Communication Networks

Telecom Operator Networks Customer Premises Access Equipment (CPAE) Office Networks

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Communication Networks

[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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Telecom Operator Networks

Energy Consumption of several Operators “Average” Σ Power Consumption of Individual Network Components Top Down Bottom Up

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Telecom Operator Networks

Top Down Energy Consumption of several Operators “Average”

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Telecom Operator Networks

Bottom Up “Average” Σ Power Consumption of Individual Network Components

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Communication Networks

[7]The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Home and Access Networks. V.C. Coroama et al.

CPAE Telecom Operator Networks

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Question

13.10.2019 Zuowen Wang 24

CPAE Telecom Operator Networks

[7]The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Home and Access Networks. V.C. Coroama et al.

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Communication Networks

Zuowen Wang 25 13.10.2019

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Road Map

  • 1. Three major domains
  • a. Personal Computers
  • b. Communication Networks
  • c. Data Centers
  • 2. Methodologies/Approaches
  • 3. Outlook：5G Base Stations
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Data Centers

  • Servers
  • Communication Equipment (intra data center networks)
  • Storage
  • Infrastructure Overhead (cooling, UPS, lighting etc.)
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Data Centers

[6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

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Data Centers in Germany

[8] Energy consumption of data centers worldwide. R. Hintemann et al.

Energy consumption of servers and data centers in Germany in the year 2010 to 2017 (Source: Borderstep)

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Data Centers in Germany

[8] Energy consumption of data centers worldwide. R. Hintemann et al.

  • IT components: 5.8 billion kWh (2010) to 7.9 billion kWh (2017)
  • 36%
  • Infrastructure: 4.7 billion kWh (2010) to 5.3 billion kWh (2017)
  • 12%
  • PUE: 1.98 (2010) to 1.75 (2017)
  • Newly built ones: 1.3 and lower

the Power Usage Effectiveness: total / IT

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Three major domains - Conclusion

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Road Map

  • 1. Three major domains
  • a. Personal Computers
  • b. Communication Networks
  • c. Data Centers
  • 2. Methodologies/Approaches
  • 3. Outlook：5G Base Stations
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5G Base Station

BBU RRU Antenna AAU

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5G Base Station

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5G Base Station

Type Load ZTE Huawei AAU/RUU avg. （W） BBU avg （W） AAU/RUU avg. （W） BBU avg. (W) 5G 100% 1127.28 293.012 1175.4 325.8 50% 892.32 293.012 956.8 328.5 30% 762.43 292.537 856.9 319 20% 733.92 292.233 797.5 319 10% 699.36 293.416 738.6 319 0% 633 293.568 663.0 330 4G 100% 289.68 175.68 50% 273.58 174.32 30% 259.1 171.92 0% 222.59 169.44 236.7 286.26

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5G Base Station

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5G Base Station

BBU(W) AAU(W) per Node(W) Huawei 500 1000 3500 ZTE 315 980 3255 Datang 800 1380 4940 Nokia-Bell Commercial product not yet finalized Ericsson 4G baseline 250 350 1300

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bit efficiency?

Zuowen Wang 47 13.10.2019

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Source: Huawei 5G power whitebook. 2019

Zuowen Wang 48 13.10.2019

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Source: Huawei 5G power whitebook. 2019

Zuowen Wang 49 13.10.2019

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▪ [1] UN, World population prospects: the 2010 revision, UN population Division, 2011 ▪ [2] UN, Millennium development goals indicators, UN Statistics Division, 2010.

▪ [3]A brief history of personal computer vendors. Asymco ▪ [4]KPCB top mobile internet trends. M.Murphy ▪ [5]Energy consumption of consumer electronics in US homes in 2010. B. Urban

▪ [6]Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. W.V. Heddeghem et al.

▪ [7]The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Home and Access Networks. V.C. Coroama et al. ▪ [8] Energy consumption of data centers worldwide. R. Hintemann et al.

▪ [9] Energy Efficiency Challenges of 5G Small Cell Networks. 2017. X.H. Ge. Et al. ▪ [10] Source: Huawei 5G power whitebook. 2019

Zuowen Wang 50

References

13.10.2019

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▪ Thanks for listening!

▪ Comments ? Questions?

25.07.2013 Gábor Sörös 51