The 101 guide to deploying Django Django Day Copenhagen 2020 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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the 101 guide to deploying django
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The 101 guide to deploying Django Django Day Copenhagen 2020 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 09, 2023 49 likes •718 views

Iulia Avram The 101 guide to deploying Django Django Day Copenhagen 2020 Introduction whoami - developer - curious as a cat Roadmap Packing and shipping Django, Docker and Kubernetes WSGI First portable solution to connect an app

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Iulia Avram Django Day Copenhagen 2020

The 101 guide to deploying Django

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whoami

Introduction

  • developer
  • curious as a cat
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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

Roadtrip!!

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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

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What happens when you deploy an application?

Ready to go

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Ready to go

your code a wild server

WHOOSH!

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Ready to go

your code a wild server

WHOOSH! technically any piece of software or hardware with a continuous process and a unique IP

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Ready to go

your code a wild server

WHOOSH! technically any piece of software or hardware with a continuous process and a unique IP

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How does the code get to the wild server?

Ready to go

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Ready to go

  • 1. You can install it directly 🤮
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Ready to go

  • 1. You can install it directly 🤮
  • 2. Use a container for easy replication (such as

Docker) 📧

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Ready to go

  • 1. You can install it directly 🤮
  • 2. Use a container for easy replication (such as

Docker) 📧

  • 3. Go serverless ☁
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But before that, we need a server for the server...

Ready to go

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Ready to go

The Django documentation mentions two main methods of deploying

:

  • WSGI
  • ASGI
  • nly supports synchronous code

asynchronous-friendly

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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

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WSGI

WSGI

It was first specified in PEP 333 and then in PEP 333(3) -> with an addition for Python 3 It contains a very detailed interface specification between a server/gateway and an application/framework

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GET /cats HTTP 1.0 request

WSGI

Web server

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GET /cats HTTP 1.0

request

WSGI

Web server

Server/Gateway Application/ framework

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WSGI

Server/Gateway Application/ framework

invoke a callable object provided by the application send back response

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

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WSGI

WSGI ARGUMENTS

environ

dictionary object containing CGI-style environment variables

start_response

callable accepting 2 positional arguments and one optional - status: string, response_headers: list of tuples containing (header_name, value) and exc_info: used with errors

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WSGI

WSGI example

Source: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0333/

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WSGI

Limitations of WSGI

  • it’s synchronous
  • no websockets
  • no await/async
  • nly works with the HTTP protocol
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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

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ASGI

ASGI

  • “spiritual successor to WSGI”, compatible with WSGI
  • async/await operation support
  • websockets
  • HTTP and HTTP/2 protocols
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ASGI

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ASGI

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ASGI

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ASGI

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ASGI

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ASGI

[....]

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ASGI

[....]

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ASGI

ASGI ARGUMENTS

scope receive send

  • a dictionary with at least a key(‘type’) to specify the incoming protocol
  • equivalent of `environ` in WSGI
  • awaitable callable that will yield an event dictionary
  • awaitable callable that takes an event dictionary as a parameter and returns a

response once the message has been sent or the connection closed

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ASGI

[....]

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ASGI

ASGI examples

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ASGI

ASGI examples

follows the WSGI environ dictionary

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When can ASGI save the day?

ASGI

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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

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Docker

Web server Django app

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Docker

Web server Django app

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Docker

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Docker

Now let’s install the first server on top of our Django application. This permits us to have multi-threaded operations.

Docker container

Server/Gateway

Django app

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Docker

Now let’s install the first server on top of our Django application. This permits us to have multi-threaded operations.

Docker container

Django app

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Docker

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Docker

  • socket
  • module
  • how many workers
  • what to do on exit
  • etc
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Docker

Now usually comes the part where you add another server

  • n top. Or a gateway. Or a load balancer.

Docker container

Django app

the usual choice

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Docker

docker-compose to the rescue

build a container for the app accessed by a WSGI/ASGI compliant server (uWsgi earlier) build a container for the reverse proxy and link it to the app server you will need a Dockerfile for it and a file for parameters; and don’t forget to touch up STATIC_URL and STATIC_ROOT if you’re serving static files paying attention to port binding can save you a lot of headaches

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Docker

The next step after that is deploying to some container

  • rchestration tool such as Kubernetes.
  • clustering different containers

together

  • scalable and configurable
  • easier deployment and

management

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Docker

Kubernetes YML example

Source: https://cloud.google.com/python/django/kubernetes-engine

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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way)

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way) Use the checklist

The Django checklist is very useful and it is recommended that you use it when deploying. Add items to the checklist that suit your needs.

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way) Use the checklist Monitor

The Django checklist is very useful and it is recommended that you use it when deploying. Add items to the checklist that suit your needs. Don’t forget to log. And read those logs. Use the tools available.

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way) Be careful of sensitive data

Take care of your users. Use environment variables where possible. Act apprehensive when it comes to security.

Use the checklist Monitor

The Django checklist is very useful and it is recommended that you use it when deploying. Add items to the checklist that suit your needs. Don’t forget to log. And read those logs. Use the tools available.

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way) Be careful of sensitive data

Take care of your users. Use environment variables where possible. Act apprehensive when it comes to security.

Keep Docker files clean Use the checklist Monitor

The order in which you run commands matters. Don’t give root permissions to the server. The Django checklist is very useful and it is recommended that you use it when deploying. Add items to the checklist that suit your needs. Don’t forget to log. And read those logs. Use the tools available.

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Some best practices I learned over time

Best practices

(sometimes the hard way) Be careful of sensitive data

Take care of your users. Use environment variables where possible. Act apprehensive when it comes to security.

Keep Docker files clean Use the checklist Define what you want and stick to it Monitor

The order in which you run commands matters. Don’t give root permissions to the server. The Django checklist is very useful and it is recommended that you use it when deploying. Add items to the checklist that suit your needs. You are in control of which tools or patterns you’re going to

  • use. Mix and match. If something doesn’t work, change it.

Don’t forget to log. And read those logs. Use the tools available.

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Roadmap

Ready to go

So you’re ready to ship the product into the world...

Onwards into the future

New practices and possible futures

WSGI ASGI Best practices Packing and shipping

First portable solution to connect an app to a server The power of async Django, Docker and Kubernetes Checklist and some nice to haves

Whoooo!

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Credits

  • slide theme by Slidesgo
  • icons by Flaticon
  • pictures by Unsplash

Thanks

Thanks

Does anyone have any questions? iulyaav iulyaav iulia-avram