Purpose-Driven Performance
2017 Results and 2018 Guidance
- Feb. 16, 2018
Purpose-Driven Performance 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance Feb. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Purpose-Driven Performance 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance Feb. 16, 2018 Cautionary Statements Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures In this presentation, Ameren has presented core earnings per share and free cash flow, which are non-GAAP
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In this presentation, Ameren has presented core earnings per share and free cash flow, which are non-GAAP measures and may not be comparable to those of other companies. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP information is included in this presentation. Generally, core earnings or losses include earnings or losses attributable to Ameren common shareholders and exclude income or loss from significant discrete items that management does not consider representative of ongoing earnings, such as the third quarter 2017 non- cash charge for the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from a July 2017 change in Illinois law that increased the state's corporate income tax rate and the fourth quarter 2017 non- cash charge for the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from a December 2017 change in federal law that decreased the federal corporate income tax rate. Ameren uses core earnings internally for financial planning and for analysis of performance. Ameren also uses core earnings as the primary performance measurement when communicating with analysts and investors regarding our earnings results and outlook, as the company believes that core earnings allow the company to more accurately compare its ongoing performance across
items, such as that described above. Ameren is unable to estimate the impact on GAAP earnings of such future items. Ameren calculates free cash flow by subtracting its cash flows from investing activities (which include capital expenditures), dividends on common stock, and dividends paid to noncontrolling interest holders from its cash flows from operating
Forward-looking Statements
Statements in this presentation not based on historical facts are considered "forward-looking" and, accordingly, involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed. Although such forward-looking statements have been made in good faith and are based on reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that the expected results will be achieved. These statements include (without limitation) statements as to future expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, events, conditions, and financial performance. In connection with the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Ameren is providing this cautionary statement to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. In addition to factors discussed in this presentation, Ameren’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, and its other reports filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 contain a list of factors and a discussion of risks which could cause actual results to differ materially from management expectations suggested in such “forward-looking” statements. All “forward-looking” statements included in this presentation are based upon information presently available, and Ameren, except to the extent required by the federal securities laws, undertakes no obligation to update or revise publicly any “forward- looking” statements to reflect new information or current events.
Earnings Guidance and Growth Expectations
In this presentation, Ameren has presented earnings guidance and growth expectations. The guidance assumes normal temperatures for 2018 and excludes any possible temporary retention of cash flow and earnings benefits from lower federal corporate income tax rates and, along with the growth expectations, is subject to the effects of, among other things, changes in 30-year U.S. Treasury bond yields; regulatory, judicial and legislative actions; energy center and energy distribution operations; energy, economic, capital and credit market conditions; severe storms; unusual or otherwise unexpected gains or losses; and other risks and uncertainties outlined, or referred to, in the Forward-looking Statements section of this presentation and in Ameren’s periodic reports filed with the SEC.
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Warner Baxter
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ameren Corp.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
Core1 Diluted EPS 2016 vs. 2017
businesses
─ Spoon River transmission project expected to be completed and energized Q1 of 2018 ─ Illinois Rivers transmission project over 90% complete with all 10 substations and 7 of 9 line segments in service ─ Mark Twain transmission project alternative route selected; MoPSC granted CCN ─ Illinois electric and natural gas distribution grid modernization investments continue ─ Safely completed Callaway refueling outage
─ Consider unanimous settlement agreement a positive, constructive step forward
─ Ameren Missouri filed comprehensive Integrated Resource Plan with MoPSC
tax reform
Successfully Executed Our Strategic Plan in 2017
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$2.68 $2.83 2016 2017
1 See page 12 for GAAP to core earnings reconciliation.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
$2.83 $2.95 $3.15 2017 2018E
─ Midpoint represents strong 7.8% growth over 2017 core EPS
─ Expect 5% to 7% compound annual EPS growth from 2017 through 2022
─ Driven by continued execution of our strategy in 2018 and beyond, including investing in infrastructure for the benefit of customers ─ Does not include impacts of:
pending Missouri legislation
─ Outlook accommodates range of Treasury rates, sales growth, spending levels and regulatory developments
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1 See page 12 for GAAP to core earnings reconciliation.
Diluted EPS 2017 Core1 vs. 2018
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
$7.5 $8.9 $2.8 $4.2 $1.4 $2.5 $2.5 $4.4 $14.2 $20.0 2017 2022E
Ameren Transmission Ameren Illinois Natural Gas Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Missouri
2017 to 2022E Regulated Infrastructure Rate Base1
($ Billions) 6
Investing in and operating our utilities in a manner consistent with existing regulatory frameworks
from 2017 through 2022
─ Sustainable infrastructure investment pipeline for benefit of customers and shareholders ─ Strategic allocation of capital to jurisdictions with constructive regulatory frameworks ─ Reduced deferred tax liabilities related to federal income tax reform
do not include:
─ Proposed ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri wind generation investments by 2020 ─ Potential ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri incremental grid modernization investments through 2023 related to pending Missouri legislation
'17-'22E 12.0% 12.3% 8.4% 3.5% ~7%
1 Reflects year-end rate base except for Ameren Transmission, which is average rate base.
Includes construction work in progress for ATXI multi-value projects. Includes expected Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution capitalization of energy efficiency and solar rebate investments, net of amortization, of ~$0.4 billion in 2022.
Five-Year Rate Base CAGR
~+7% CAGR
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Enhancing regulatory frameworks and advocating for responsible energy and economic policies
─ Bill supports investment to modernize energy grid for the benefit of customers and state of Missouri ─ Bill will now head to the Missouri House of Representatives
─ Defer between rate cases 85% of depreciation on capital expenditures1 placed in-service and return on incremental rate base (plant-in-service accounting)
─ MoPSC authorized to pass 2018 savings from lower federal income tax rate to customers2
─ Economic development incentives for customers adding at least 300 kWs ─ Rate cap of 2.85% CAGR to Dec. 31, 2023; extends to Dec. 31, 2028, if utility requests and MoPSC approves3
─ Continued strong MoPSC oversight and consumer protections
─ Investments would deliver significant benefits to customers and create good paying jobs ─ Potential investment not reflected in current 2018-2022 capital expenditure plan
Customer and Community Benefits
Enhanced regulatory framework would enable greater investment; create more reliable, smarter, more secure grid; better position Missouri for future; and create significant number
1 All rate base additions except new coal-fired, nuclear, and natural gas generating units or service to new customer premises. 2 MoPSC must act within 90 days of
Governor Greitens signing legislation. 3 If average overall rate exceeds cap, Ameren Missouri shall not recover any amount in excess of cap, unless force majeure event has occurred. Rate cap excludes MEEIA rider. If FAC and RES-RAM riders cause rates to temporarily exceed 2.85% CAGR, overage to be deferred for future rate
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Creating and capitalizing on opportunities for investment for the benefit of our customers and shareholders
multiple wind developers for ownership of at least 700 MWs of generation, ~$1 billion investment
─ Would achieve compliance with Missouri Renewable Energy Standard ─ Upon reaching agreements with developers, expect to file CCN requests for projects with MoPSC in first half of 2018 ─ CCN filings to include requests to use Renewable Energy Standard-Rate Adjustment Mechanism for cost recovery ─ RTO interconnection studies are already underway
communities we serve
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Creating and capitalizing on opportunities for investment for the benefit of our customers and shareholders
communities we serve and our shareholders
─ Investing to modernize electric and gas transmission and distribution operations to make them safer, smarter and more resilient ─ Investing in smart meters and digital technologies to provide our customers with greater tools to manage their energy usage ─ Advancing efforts on innovative technologies to increase operating efficiencies, strengthen the energy grid, and create innovative energy solutions for our customers ─ Modernizing energy grid to support increased electrification of transportation sector and major industrial processes, which will drive long-term benefits to our customers and the environment
─ Ameren Missouri is targeting substantial reductions in CO2 emissions – 35% by 2030, 50% by 2040 and 80% by 2050 from 2005 level ─ Coal-fired generation to decline reflecting closure of Meramec coal-fired energy center in 2022
─ Participating in forward-thinking regulatory proceedings in Illinois and Missouri ─ Actively engaged in important innovative technology initiatives
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Attractive total return potential
growth from 2017 through 20221
─ Primarily driven by strong rate base growth
growth from 2017 through 2022; does not include:
─ Proposed ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri wind generation investments by 2020 ─ Potential ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri incremental grid modernization investments through 2023 related to pending Missouri legislation
investment pipeline beyond 2022
Strong long-term growth outlook Attractive dividend
$1.83 per share provides attractive yield
─ Dividend was increased in Oct. 2017 for the fourth consecutive year ─ Expect payout ratio to range between 55% and 70% of annual earnings
regulated utility peers
will deliver superior long-term value to both customers and shareholders
1 Using 2017 core EPS of $2.83 as a base. 2 Based on Feb. 15, 2018 closing share price.
Marty Lyons
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Ameren Corp.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
12 (in millions, except per share amounts) Year-Ended Dec. 31, 2016 2017 GAAP Earnings / Diluted EPS $ 653 $ 2.68 $ 523 $ 2.14 Charge for revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from increased Illinois state income tax rate — — 22 0.09 Less: Federal income tax benefit — — (8) (0.03) Charge, net of tax benefit — — 14 0.06 Charge for revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from decreased federal income tax rate — — 162 0.66 Less: State income tax benefit — — (8) (0.03) Charge, net of tax benefit — — 154 0.63 Core Earnings / Diluted EPS $ 653 $ 2.68 $ 691 $ 2.83 – Core earnings for 2017 exclude a non-cash charge, at the parent company, for the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from a July 2017 change in Illinois law that increased the state's corporate income tax rate, which decreased 2017 earnings by $14 million. – Core earnings for 2017 exclude a non-cash charge, primarily at the parent company, for the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from a Dec. 2017 change in federal law that decreased the federal corporate income tax rate, which decreased 2017 earnings by $154 million.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
Core1 Diluted EPS 2016 vs. 2017
Key Earnings Variance Drivers:
Higher Ameren Transmission earnings
─ Increased investments in infrastructure, partially offset by a lower allowed ROE
Higher Ameren Illinois Natural Gas distribution earnings
─ Increased investment qualifying for infrastructure rider
Higher Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution earnings
─ Increased investments in infrastructure and higher allowed ROE: +$0.04 ─ Absence of 2016 benefit from warmer-than-normal summer temperatures: $(0.02)
Higher Ameren Missouri earnings
─ New electric service rates: +$0.35 ─ Lower electric retail sales primarily driven by milder summer temperatures: ~$(0.16)
─ Higher depreciation and net transmission expenses: $(0.06) and $(0.02), respectively ─ Absence of 2016 performance incentive award for 2013-2015 energy efficiency plan: $(0.07)
Higher Parent Company and other results
─ Lower core effective income tax rate: $0.08 ─ Lower tax benefits associated with share-based compensation: $(0.07)
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($0.03) ($0.02)
$1.47 $1.48 $0.52 $0.54 $0.24 $0.25 $0.48 $0.58 2016 2017
Ameren Transmission Ameren Illinois Natural Gas Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Missouri Ameren Parent and Other
$2.68 $2.83
1 See page 12 for GAAP to core earnings reconciliation.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
─ Corporate tax rate reduced to 21% from 35% beginning Jan. 1, 2018 ─ End of bonus depreciation for regulated utilities ─ Interest deductibility retained for regulated utilities ─ State and local tax deductibility retained ─ Normalization of income taxes for ratemaking retained, including flow back of excess deferred taxes ─ Production tax credits for wind generation unchanged ─ Dividend and capital gains tax parity retained
─ Reduces cash flow by ~$1 billion from 2018 through 2022 ─ Reduces deferred taxes which increases rate base ~$1 billion from 2018 through 2022
─ Expect parent company interest expense to be deductible ─ Reduces tax benefit associated with parent company and other unrecoverable expenses ─ 2017 non-cash, non-core charge of $154 million, primarily at parent company, for revaluation of deferred taxes
supports strong earnings growth outlook 14
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
$4.3B, 39% $2.4B, 22% $1.6B, 15% $2.3B, 21% $0.3B, 3%
2017 to 2022E Regulated Infrastructure Rate Base1,2
($ Billions)
Five-Year Rate Base CAGR
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~$11 Billion of Regulated Infrastructure Investment1 2018-2022
1 Dollars reflect mid-points of five-year spending range rounded to nearest $100 million. Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution’s energy efficiency and solar investments are not
capital expenditures; however, ~$0.4 billion in 2022, net of amortization, is included in rate base. 2 Reflects year-end rate base except for Ameren Transmission, which is average rate base. Includes construction work in progress for ATXI multi-value projects.
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Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Illinois Transmission Ameren Transmission Company of Illinois Ameren Missouri Ameren Illinois Natural Gas
$7.5 $8.9 $2.8 $4.2 $1.4 $2.5 $2.5 $4.4 $14.2 $20.0 2017 2022E
Ameren Transmission Ameren Illinois Natural Gas Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Missouri
'17-'22E 12.0% 12.3% 8.4% 3.5% ~7%
~+7% CAGR Excludes Ameren Missouri’s proposed wind generation and potential incremental grid modernization investments
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
─ Income tax deferrals driven primarily by capital expenditures ─ Includes ~$350 million of tax assets at year-end 2017
─ Dividend reinvestment and employee benefit plans (~$80M/year) ─ Remain committed to maintaining strong credit metrics
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| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Ameren Transmission
1 Includes estimated impact of federal tax reform. Estimated average rate base for Ameren Illinois and ATXI is $1.7 billion and $1.2 billion for 2018, respectively, compared to $1.4 billion and
$1.1 billion for 2017, respectively. 2 Includes estimated impact of federal tax reform and includes expected Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution capitalization of energy efficiency and solar rebate investments, net of amortization.
Higher average estimated rate base: ~$2.91 billion compared to ~$2.51 billion in 2017 reflecting infrastructure investments
─ FERC decision in second MISO ROE complaint case uncertain; guidance assumes 10.82%
(both include 50 bps MISO participation adder)
─ 50 basis point move in ROE changes EPS by ~$0.03
Higher electric delivery earnings reflecting infrastructure investments
─ Year-end estimated rate base: ~$3.12 billion compared to $2.8 billion in 2017 ─ Allowed ROE of 8.9% based on forecasted 2018 avg. 30-year Treasury yield of 3.1% plus 5.8% ─ 50 basis point move in ROE changes EPS by ~$0.03
Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Illinois Natural Gas
Gas distribution infrastructure investments qualifying for rider treatment
─ Approximately 60% of annual capital expenditures qualify 2018 Diluted EPS Guidance Range of
$2.95
to $3.15
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Increased electric service rates for Q1 2018: ~+$0.111 Absence of scheduled Callaway refueling and maintenance outage: ~+$0.111 Return to normal weather: ~+$0.061 Lower expected interest expense driven by refinancing debt in 2017 and 2018: ~+$0.04 Higher other operations and maintenance expenses: ~$(0.14)
─ Primarily higher-than-normal scheduled non-nuclear plant outages
Increased depreciation expenses: ~$(0.04)
Ameren Missouri
Estimated effective income tax rate of ~22% compared to core effective rate of 37% in 2017
─ 2018 guidance excludes any possible temporary retention of cash flow or earnings benefits from lower federal tax rate
Reduced tax benefit associated with parent company and other unrecoverable expenses: ~$(0.03) Increase in weighted average common shares outstanding: ~$(0.01)
─ Use of newly issued shares for dividend reinvestment and employee benefit plans
Ameren Consolidated
2018 Diluted EPS Guidance Range of
$2.95
to $3.15
1 Difference between current EPS variance and comparable variance provided on 2017 quarterly earnings call presentations reflects change in federal income tax rate.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
$850 $465 $330 $470 $70 2018E
Ameren Transmission Company of Illinois Ameren Illinois Transmission Ameren Illinois Natural Gas Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution Ameren Missouri
2018 Capital Expenditures
($ Millions)
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($ millions) 2018 Guidance
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 1,790 Capital expenditures (2,185) Other cash used in investing activities (55) Dividends: common and preferred1 (450) Free cash flow $ (900) Maturities of long-term debt
Ameren Missouri Senior Secured Notes
Ameren Illinois Senior Secured Notes
$ 835
1 Approximate amount incorporating current common dividend rate. Amount and timing of common dividends are within the sole
discretion of Ameren’s board of directors.
61% 39%
$2,185
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Ameren Transmission
─ In June 2016, ALJ recommended a 9.70% base ROE
basis point adder for MISO participation; reserved for potential refunds
─ In Sept. 2017, MISO transmission owners, including Ameren Illinois and ATXI, filed motion to dismiss pending complaint case maintaining:
unreasonable
U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit in New England ROE case
customers through formula ratemaking
Ameren Illinois Electric Distribution
filing in the annual rate update
─ Each year’s electric distribution service earnings are a function of the rate formula and are not directly determined by that year’s rate update filing or the current rates charged to customers
federal income tax rate to customers effective Jan. 1, 2018
─ Amount net of the July 2017 increase in the Illinois state income tax rate
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
Ameren Illinois Natural Gas
ICC; includes ~$42 million that would otherwise be recovered in 2019 under qualifying infrastructure plant (QIP) rider
– Based on 10.3% ROE; 50% equity ratio; $1.6 billion rate base; 2019 future test year
– Net increase in overall revenues for 2019 is $7 million; excludes 2019 QIP rider revenues – Incorporates 2018 reduction in federal and 2017 increase in state tax rates – New base rates reset QIP rider to zero, ensuring rider does not exceed rate impact limitation – ICC decision required by Dec. 2018; new rates expected to be effective in Jan. 2019
customers pending at ICC
– Amount net of the July 2017 increase in the Illinois state income tax rate
Ameren Missouri
– On Feb. 13, 2017, Staff recommended MoPSC open proceeding for each utility to pursue rate reductions to pass savings from lower federal income tax rates to customers – If Senate Bill 564 is enacted, would pass 2018 savings from lower federal income tax rate to electric customers retroactive to Jan. 1, 2018 21
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Strong long-term growth outlook
─ Proposed ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri wind generation investments by 2020 ─ Potential ~$1 billion Ameren Missouri incremental grid modernization investments through 2023 related to pending Missouri legislation
Expect to deliver strong earnings growth in 2018 with guidance in a range of $2.95 to $3.15 per diluted share Successfully executing our strategy Attractive dividend
Attractive total shareholder return potential
1 Using 2017 core EPS of $2.83 as a base. 2 Based on Feb. 15, 2018 closing share price.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037
─ Plan included addition of at least 700 MWs of wind generation1 by 2020, representing potential ~$1 billion wind investment ─ Would achieve compliance with Missouri Renewable Energy Standard ─ Source, location and pricing subject to due diligence and ongoing negotiations ─ Ownership of Missouri wind generation requires Certificates of Convenience and Necessity, as well as RTO interconnection agreements ─ RES-RAM provides timely and full cost recovery; subject to MoPSC approval
80% by 20502
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2 Coal Units Retired ~(950) MW Meramec Retired ~(830) MW
Renewables expansion ( Wind, Solar) Continue Energy Efficiency and Add Smart Usage Rewards Programs
2 Coal Units Retired ~(1200) MW 700 MW 25 MW 25 MW 50 MW
20,000,000 30,000,000 40,000,000 50,000,000 2020 2030 2040 2050
CO2 Emission Reduction Goal2
(Tons) Preferred Plan 2005 Actual
1 Expected to be located in Missouri and neighboring states. 2 From 2005 level.
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
$ in millions as of Dec. 31, 2017
Ameren Corporation
(Baa1/BBB+)
Commercial paper (P-2/A-2) - $383
Ameren Missouri
(Baa1/BBB+)
Commercial paper (P-2/A-2) - $39
Ameren Illinois
(A3/BBB+)
Commercial paper (P-2/A-2) - $62
ATXI
(A2/-)
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1 Debt balances exclude unamortized debt expense, unamortized discount /premium, and capital leases. A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any security and may be
suspended, revised, or withdrawn at any time.
All Moody’s outlooks “Stable”; all S&P outlooks “Positive”
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Illinois Commerce Commission
Missouri Public Service Commission
and Docket No. EO-2018-0038
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Other Filings
http://www.oasis.oati.com/woa/docs/AMRN/AMRNdocs/2018_Transmission_Rates_List.html
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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Q1 2018 quiet period begins May 3 Annual Shareholder Meeting May 8 Q1 2018 earnings release and call (tentative)
Morgan Stanley Utilities, Clean Tech and Midstream Energy Conf.
Barclays Power, & Utility Credit Corporate Day
BAML Power, Gas and Solar Leaders Conference
European Investor Meetings with UBS
LATE FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018
SUN. MON. TUES. WED. THUR. FRI. SAT.
26 27 28
2 3
Morgan Stanley & Barclays Conf. BAML Conf.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
European Meetings European Meetings European Meetings
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
APRIL/EARLY MAY 2018
SUN. MON. TUES. WED. THUR. FRI. SAT.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Q1 Quiet Period, begins
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 May 1 2 3 4 5
Annual Shareholder Meeting
| 2017 Results and 2018 Guidance | Feb. 16, 2018
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ALJ – Administrative Law Judge ATXI – Ameren Transmission Company of Illinois B – Billion CAGR – Compound annual growth rate CCN – Certificate of Convenience and Necessity CO2 – Carbon Dioxide DRIP – Dividend Reinvestment Plan E – Estimated EPS – Earnings per share FAC – Fuel Adjustment Clause FERC – Federal Energy Regulatory Commission GAAP – General Accepted Accounting Principles ICC – Illinois Commerce Commission IRP – Integrated Resource Plan kW - Kilowatt M – Million MEEIA – Missouri Energy Efficiency Investment Act MISO – Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. MoPSC – Missouri Public Service Commission MW – Megawatt RES-RAM – Renewable Energy Standard-Rate Adjustment Mechanism ROE – Return on Equity RTO – Regional Transmission Organization