Physical and Behavioral Effects Unlike food, alcohol does not have - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Apr 27, 2023 217 likes •447 views

Section 15.2 Alcohols Effects on the Body Section 15.2 Alcohols Effects on the Body Objectives Summarize the effects of intoxication on the body systems. List four factors that affect blood alcohol concentration. Identify three ways that

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Objectives Summarize the effects of intoxication on the body systems. List four factors that affect blood alcohol concentration.

Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Identify three ways that intoxication may lead to death.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Health Stats What trend does this graph reveal?

How is reaction time—the time it takes people to respond to a situation—affected by alcohol? Explain how an increase in reaction time affects a person’s safety on the road.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Unlike food, alcohol does not have to be digested in

the stomach before it is absorbed into the blood.

Physical and Behavioral Effects

Alcohol gets into a person’s bloodstream within

minutes of being consumed.

Once in the blood, alcohol circulates throughout the

body, where it has widespread effects.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Intoxication is the state in which a person’s mental

and physical abilities are impaired by alcohol or another substance.

Effects on Body Systems

Many negative effects on a drinker’s body and

behavior accompany intoxication by alcohol.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Cardiovascular System

Heart rate and blood

pressure increase.

More blood flows to the

skin’s surface.

Core body temperature

decreases.

Effects of Intoxication

Excretory System

Kidneys increase

urine production.

Drinker loses more

water from body than usual. Nervous System

Brain activity slows down.
Coordination becomes

impaired.

Sensations and perception

become less clear.

Reflexes become sluggish.

Digestive System

Too much alcohol in the

stomach may cause vomiting.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

As intoxication takes effect, drinkers begin to lose

judgment and self-control.

Effects on Behavior

At the same time, alcohol decreases drinkers’

natural fears.

A blackout is a period of time that the drinker

cannot recall.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the amount of

alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage.

Blood Alcohol Concentration

The higher a person’s blood alcohol concentration, the

more severe the physical and behavioral effects.

Blood alcohol concentration is a more reliable

measure of intoxication than the number of drinks consumed.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Rate of Consumption People who have a few

drinks in one hour have a higher BAC than people who drink the same amount over several hours.

Factors Affecting BAC

Gender Males generally will have a lower BAC than

females.

Body Size In general, smaller people—by weight

and height—feel the effects of alcohol more than larger people.

Amount of Food in the Stomach Drinking on an

empty stomach increases the rate of alcohol absorption into the bloodstream.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Click above to go online. For: More on blood alcohol concentration

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Once a person stops drinking, BAC begins to

decrease.

After Drinking Ends

The intoxicating effects of alcohol slowly diminish,

and the person’s reflexes and coordination return to normal.

Nothing can speed the liver’s ability to break down

alcohol.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Hangover is a term used to describe the aftereffects
f drinking too much alcohol.

Hangovers

Symptoms of a hangover include
nausea
upset stomach
headache
sensitivity to noise

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

The short-term effects of intoxication can put a

drinker at serious risk.

Life-Threatening Effects

Intoxication increases the risk of death from
motor vehicle crashes
alcohol overdose
interactions of alcohol with other drugs

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Alcohol is involved in about 40 percent of fatal motor

vehicle crashes.

Motor Vehicle Crashes

Driving While Intoxicated A driver over age 21

caught driving with a BAC that exceeds the legal limit of 0.08 is charged with driving while intoxicated (DWI).

Zero Tolerance Laws There is no acceptable BAC

for underage drivers. The penalties for underage drivers may be more strict than those for other drivers.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Taking an excessive amount of a drug that leads to

coma or death is called an overdose.

Overdose

Alcohol overdose, also called alcohol poisoning,

can cause the heart and breathing to stop.

Binge drinking is the consumption of excessive

amounts of alcohol at one sitting.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Alcohol is a depressant drug.

Interactions With Other Drugs

When a person drinks alcohol and takes another

depressant, the combination can cause drastic changes in the body.

In extreme cases, combining alcohol and other

depressants leads to coma or death.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Vocabulary

intoxication The state in which a person’s mental and physical abilities are impaired by alcohol or another substance. blackout A period of time that an intoxicated person cannot recall.

blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage. hangover A term used to describe the aftereffects of drinking too much alcohol.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

Vocabulary

driving while intoxicated (DWI) The charge given to a driver over age 21 caught driving with a BAC that exceeds 0.08 percent, or to a driver under the age of 21 with any detectable BAC.

verdose

The consequence of taking an excessive amount

f a drug that leads to coma or death.

binge drinking The consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol at one sitting.

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Section 15.2 Alcohol’s Effects on the Body

QuickTake Quiz

Click to start quiz.

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