Outline 0024 Spring 2010 17 :: 2 More information about Swing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Outline 0024 Spring 2010 17 :: 2 More information about Swing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Outline 0024 Spring 2010 17 :: 2 More information about Swing 0024 Spring 2010 17 :: 3 Java Foundation Classes import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import

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Outline

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More information about Swing


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Java Foundation Classes

import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.event.*;

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Swing vs. AWT

(c) OʼReilly 1999

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Swing

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Top-level containers

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/ui/features/components.html

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Containers

containers

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General-purpose containers

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Basic controls

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Essential Swing components

AWT Swing

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Example 1

pack() causes a window to be sized to fit the preferred size and layouts of its sub- components

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Example 2

In this example how a custom frame is created

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Build from bottom up

JPanel JButton JFrame JLabel

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Layout managers

Left to right, Top to bottom c n s e w FlowLayout GridLayout BorderLayout none, 
 programmer 
 sets x,y,w,h null One at a time CardLayout GridBagLayout JButton Organizing Layout of components in a container

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Combinations

JButton JButton JTextArea

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Combinations

n JPanel: BorderLayout c JFrame JPanel: FlowLayout JButton JButton JTextArea

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Code: null layout

press me

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Code: FlowLayout

press me then me

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import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame f = new JFrame("title"); JPanel p = new JPanel( ); FlowLayout L = new FlowLayout( ); JButton b1 = new JButton("press me"); JButton b2 = new JButton("then me"); p.setLayout(L); p.add(b1); p.add(b2); f.setContentPane(p); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.pack(); f.setVisible(true); } }

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Box Layout

Component.RIGHT_ALIGNMENT Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT

myPane.setLayout(new BoxLayout(myPane, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));

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A simple Swing program - Events

  • Objects communicate by “firing” and “handling” events
  • Events are sent from a single source object to one or

more registered listener objects

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Types of event listeners

Act that results in event Listener type

User clicks a button, presses Return while typing in a text field, or chooses a menu item ActionListener User closes a frame (main window) WindowListener User presses a mouse button while the cursor is over a component MouseListener User moves the mouse over a component MouseMotionListener Component becomes visible ComponentListener Component gets the keyboard focus FocusListener Table or list selection changes ListSelectionListener

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Handling events I

JPanel JButton Listener

  • JFrame

JLabel

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Event handling II

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Example using local class

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JDialog

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Dialog Example

The JOptionPane class can be used to create simple modal dialogs (icons, title, text and buttons can be customized).

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Swing and Threads

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Safe Swing code

Safe to update state of Swing components Unsafe to update state of Swing components

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Event Dispatching

javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater( new Runnable(){ public void run(){ // Access to components } } );

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Handle a job in the background

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Model/View/Controller [MVC]

http://www.itu.dk/courses/VOP/E2005/VOP2005E/8_mvc_krasner_and_pope.pdf

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Model/View/Controller

 Model

 complete, self-contained representation of

  • bject managed by the application


e.g., spreadsheet document

 provides a number of services to

manipulate the data
 e.g., recalculate, save

 computation and persistence issues

 Try to separate the model and its services

so that it is Swing-free

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Model/View/Controller

 View

 tracks what is needed for a particular

perspective of the data
 e.g., bar chart view

 presentation issues

 Controller

 gets input from the user, and uses appropriate

information from the view to modify the model
 e.g., get slider value, trigger chart modify

 interaction issues

 In practice, views and controllers are

implemented with Swing components and listeners

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Model/View/Controller

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MVC

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Pluggable “Look and Feel”

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Pluggable Look-and-Feel

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/ui/overview/demo.html

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Extra part

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Applets

JApplet contentPane JButton

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Applet Methods

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Application + Applet

JApplet contentPane JPanel JFrame JButton

  • r

Browser Command line

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Applet Security

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Java 2D API

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Graphics

JButton

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Coordinate System

(0,0) (width,0) (0,height) (width, height)

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Painting Components

JButton JPanel

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Painting in Java

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Graphics Primitives

label

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/2d/geometry/primitives.html

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Graphics Attributes

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Code

Hello World

To paint the inside of a component, 


  • verride the paintComponent
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Creating and Drawing to an Image

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/2d/images/drawonimage.html

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Reading/Loading Image

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How to proceed …