[PDF] - Outline Geospatially-enabled Battle Command What is the Challenge? PDF Document

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1 With Acknowledgement to:

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Outline

Geospatially-enabled Battle Command

What is the Challenge?
Why Is It Desirable?
How Is It Feasible?
Meeting Key Challenges
What Does This Mean For Operations?
Where Is It In Operation?
What Are the Implications?

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ESRI 2008 3 3

Geo-enabling mainstream,

general purpose, integrated information management applications to better support distributed operations under demanding conditions …

… exploiting, and ultimately,

supplanting, ancillary, special purpose, discrete information management systems.

C2 M&S Geo

C2 Services M&S Services GIS Services

What is the Challenge?

Exploit the power of GIS technology to substantially increase the effectiveness—quality, timeliness, and efficiency—of military

perations by …

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Why Is It Desirable?

Quality, Timeliness, …

Visualization

… and Efficiency

Information Integration Common Operating Picture Analysis/Workflow More than maps and imagery … a foundation for mission planning and execution

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Army Applications

Integrated Information Products

Tier 1 – impact of terrain and weather on

military operations independent of mission

– OCOKA – Obstacles, Cover and Concealment, Observation, Key terrain Maneuver Networks – Weather impacts on mobility and sensor performance

Off- and On-Road Connected Graph Observation & Fields of Fire Directional Concealment

Tier 2 - for performing well defined military

tasks or actions consistent with a mission or

bjective

– Routes / Axis of Advance – Battle, Attack, Assault and Attack by Fire and Indirect Fire Positions – Assembly and Engagement Areas

Tier 3 - for performing well defined military

tasks or actions based upon known or predicted situation

– Products selected as part of the OPLAN and OPORD

! . ! .

Direct Fire Positions Route Assessment Axis of Advance Attack By Fire Positions Control Graphics 2525B Symbology Information and graphics courtesy of U.S. Army Topographic Engineering Center

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How Is It Feasible?

Core infrastructure advance
Advent of web services and the SOA
Development of enterprise GIS product platform

–Rich, smart clients –Flexible and powerful data management –Computational flexibility—client, server, embedded –Capture and use of “tradecraft” –Strong support for interoperability

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Scalable Networked Hardware

Laptop Laptop Desktop Desktop PDA PDA Servers Servers Phone Phone

Web Web Services Services

Enabling Infrastructure Technology

. . . and support integration in mainstream applications

Faster Processing

– Multi-core, Blades

Increased Bandwidth
Larger Storage
Web Services Standards
Mobile Technologies
Real Time Networks
Unique imagery and mapping content, and a

variety of data models/formats

Very large, distributed databases
Legacy systems built around computing and

integration constraints Developments in … … accommodate GIS demands …

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Advent of Web Services—and the SOA

… and—by decoupling information, business logic, and presentation—enabling flexible management of data and applications in accordance with infrastructure constraints, especially bandwidth.

Delivering Agility: Rapid development and legacy integration, lower costs, collaboration, interoperability … “Map of the business expressed in technology” CIO Magazine

Presentation Presentation

Globe Globe Map & Map & Chart Chart Image Image-

Process

Process Open Open Web Web Tracking Tracking & RSS & RSS

Serving/ Serving/ Publishing Publishing Authoring Authoring

2 2-

D

D Viewers Viewers 3 3-

D Viewers

D Viewers Catalog Catalog Geo Geo-

Process

Process

Integration Platform

Rich Internet Client Rich Internet Client

App App Data Data

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Advancing GIS Technology

Integrated Platform ... . . . enabling Enterprise GIS

Mobile Mobile Web Web

GDB

Desktop Desktop

ArcGIS Server

Open Open APIs APIs

OGC OGC KML KML SOAP SOAP SQL SQL

Tracking Server Image Server ArcSDE ArcIMS ArcGIS Engine On the Desktop, Server, or Embedded

Google Earth

Metadata ISO 19139

KML CAD

Image Integration SOAP, XML, SQL

GIS Services AutoCAD LEICA BAE MapInfo GeoMedia SAP Ionic

OGC Standards WMS/WFS/GML

Any DBMS ArcGIS Server

Interoperable

Region Local Headquarters Field

Distributed data management

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Commercial Joint Mapping ToolKit (CJMTK)

Standard COTS Software Tools/Architecture for C2 Applications

Mapping, Charting, Geodesy, and

Imagery (MCG&I) functionality for NCES/NCW - all DoD C2I systems

Standard Visualization Platform

for imagery and geospatial data

Desktop & Server software –

licensed by NGA through 2014 Approved Programs:

C2PC CCI C2S DCGS JMPS Future Combat Systems JSTARS GALE GCCS- AF JET TBMCS

… and hundreds more

Sponsor: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Contractors: Northrop Grumman, ESRI, Analytical Graphics, Inc., Leica Geosystems

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Challenge: Coping with Available Bandwidth

Combining GIS and Web Services technology

Analysis – compressing TB of data

into MB of actionable terrain information

Web Services – sending only the

pixels needed

Off-network transactions – only

using the network for high-priority information

Layering Data – a mechanism for

prioritization

Separating Data, Business Logic &

Presentation

Application Independence from Data

Source

Products – all or nothing,

when you get it

– CD-ROM of CIB: 650MB – CD-ROM of VMAP: 650MB – File of NITF is 4GB

Services – what you need,

when you need it

– Cache the 10MB of 5m resolution pixels that matter for the next 24 hours – Access the 40kB service of 1m resolution pixels that matter… now

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CJMTK Geospatial Appliance

Standard Data/Architecture Solution for C2 Applications

Application Ready

Data—2D and 3D

– Standard NGA Products – General Worldwide Coverage Data – NGA Geonames

GoogleEarth FalconView DGINet

NGA-Arnold

GCCS C2PC DCGS

Preconfigured

Content and Applications

– Map Documents – Layer Files – Map Services

Versatile Access

– File sharing for legacy – Geodatabase – Web Services (WMS, KML, SOAP) Ruggedized Server (1 TB) Rack Mounted Server (7 TB)

Data

Administration

– Map Database, Cache Updates – Replication Tools – Administration Tools

…for analysis and decision support

Data Updates

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Challenge: Integrating Modeling and Simulation

Modeling Reality

SWORD™ Brigade Simulation module

Courses of action

Dynamic operational indicators

For Validation, Sensitivity Analysis, Training, and Sharing… … and moving from Terrain Analysis to Behavioral Modeling

13 13 ITMO ITMO D D 14

MIP Services Layer CJMTK MIPDEM BML

A Common Operational Picture

Other Business Logic C2 Business Logics GML Web Services HLA / DIS Web Services HLA / DIS Operational DBs

Geodatabase

JC3IEDM US Systems Coalition Systems Embedded Simulation

COTS / NGA / CJMTK geoBML MIP / COTS / DoD

Challenge: Integrating C2, Geo, and M&S

BML—a standard representation of digitized C2 information —and geoBML, for actionable geospatial information

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What Will This Mean For Operations?

How do integrate with the Orders process?

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Defining C2 for the US Army Future Combat System

How will it Communicate Orders?

Network Centric
Explicit understanding of orders and
perations in a distributed environment
Know precisely, in real-time, location of

all friendly and enemy forces

Robotics Integrated into Force
Amplify capability of manned elements
Multi-functional (scouting, armed,

sustainment)

Increased Reliance on Extended

Range Engagement

Organic plus strategic and tactical

support

Long range ISR and precision fires
Capable of Air-Mobile Operations
Commercial and minimum DoD

strategic and tactical lift

Direct Fire Function Infantry Carrier + C2 Function Indirect Fire Function Sensor Function Organic & Inorganic RSTA Networked Command, Control & Comms

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Communicating Orders through BML

Graphics convert to BML Division attacks on order in zone to seize OBJ SLAM. Division Mission Form of maneuver: Penetration Main effort: BLUE-MECH-BDE2,

n order BLUE-ARMOR-BDE1

Supporting effort: BLUE-MECH-BDE1 BLUE-ARMOR-BN1 Deep: None Reserve: BLUE-AVN-BDE1 Security: BLUE-CAV-SQN1 Tactical Combat Force: BLUE-MECH-TM1 Division Concept of Operations Tasks to Subordinates

Protect (Division Rear Area)
DSA
On order
Tactical Combat Force
BLUE-MECH-TM1
Protect (Division left flank)
Zone (PL AMBER to PL BLUE)
On order
Screen
BLUE-CAV-SQN1
Support (B-A-BDE1)
Zone
On order
Follow and Support (B-A-BDE1)
BLUE-ARMOR-BN1
Reserve
AA EAGLE
On order
Occupy
BLUE-AVN-BDE
Seize (OBJ SLAM)
Zone
On order
Follows and Assumes (B-M-BDE2)
BLUE-ARMOR-BDE1
Penetrate (MRR2)
Zone
On order
Attacks
BLUE-MECH-BDE2
Fix (MRR1)
Zone
On order
Attacks
BLUE-MECH-BDE1
Why
Where
When
What
Who

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BML – The need for a Grammar Why a 5 W Representation is not a Grammar. Tasks are not explicitly represented in the C2IEDM.

Tasks are listed and verbally defined in the C2IEDM table:

“action-task-category-code”.

Tasks have no grammar within the C2IEDM.
Example: advance is a C2IEDM “action-task”.
While advance has meaning, it has no explicit relationships

within the C2IEDM.

Thus, any interpretation of advance must be through Human

interpretation.

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JC3IEDM Spatial Component

What if we add the GIS spatial component?

JC3IEDM tables + Geodatabase Tables
Access the spatial component in JC3IEDM
Maintain the same tables in JC3IEDM

+ =

Point, Polyline, Polygon

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geoBML

geoBML is an extension of BML into the domain of

actionable geospatial information.

geoBML is not a geo-spatial database.
geoBML provides a semantic and syntactic bridge

between the Warfighter’s decision making, Situational Awareness (SA) needs, and the terrain experts’ realm.

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BML Way Ahead … Horizontal Interoperability

(Military, Academic and Commercial Investment)

JC3IEDM

MIPDEM H L A / D I S

Geospatial

C2 Services Layer M&S Services Layer GIS Services Layer BML GeoBML GeoBML GML

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Sponsor: 753rd Electronic Systems Group, Hanscom AFB Contractors: MITRE, ProLogic and SAIC

Operations: Airborne Web Services (AWS)

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Operations: Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System (SAROPS)

Software Support Agent: U.S. Coast Guard Command and Control Engineering Center, Portsmouth, VA. Contractors: Northrop Grumman, Applied Science Associates, Metron, Allied Technologies Group

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Sponsor: U.S. Army Engineering Research and Development Center, Topographic Engineering Center Contractors: ESRI, George Mason University, Viecore FSD, Northrop Grumman

Operations: Joint Geospatial Enterprise Services (JGES)

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