NON LINEAR DOUBLE DAY, SEVILLA 2004 MD Alba, JM Trillo and M Naranjo - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NON LINEAR DOUBLE DAY, SEVILLA 2004 MD Alba, JM Trillo and M Naranjo

SILICATE MINERALS Libeau classification Q n Anion group Silicate Example Structure Si Al Family Fe Q 0 (SiO 4 ) 4- nesosilicate Forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) O TEOS: (CH 3 CH 2 ) 4 SiO 4 Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 Q 1 (Si 2 O 7 ) 6- Soro- or disilicate (Si n O 2n+n ) 2n- cyclosilicate Beryl: Al 2 Be 3 Si 6 O 18 Q 2 (SiO 3 ) 2- inosilicate Enstatite: Mg 2 Si 2 O 6 Saponite: Q 3 (Si 4 O 10 ) 4- phyllosilicate Na x [Si 8-x Al x ][Mg 6 ]O 20 (OH) 4 Muscovite: K 2 [Si 4 Al 2 ][Al 4 ]O 20 (OH) 4 Silica gel: SiO 2 Q 4 SiO 2 tectosilicate MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 2 Day, Sevilla 2004.

SILICATE MINERALS: Phyllosilicates BUILDING BLOCKS MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 3 Day, Sevilla 2004.

SILICATE MINERALS: Phyllosilicates Species Layer Layer Group Charge (X) Type Dioctahedral member Trioctahedral member 1:1 x=0 Kaolinite- Kaolinite Chrisotile serpentine Halloysite x=0 Pyrophyllite-Talc Pyrophyllite Talc 0.2?x ?0.6 Smectite Montmorillonite Saponite Beidellite Hectorite nontronite 2:1 0.6 ?x ?0.9 Vermiculite Dioctahedral vermiculite Trioctahedral vermiculite x=1 Mica Muscovite Phlogopite Paragonite Biotite x=2 Brittle mica Margarite Clintonite Mica-4 MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 4 Day, Sevilla 2004.

SOLID-SOLID TRANFORMATIONS a1 * Displacive Transformation: It involves only small α -quartz c a2 adjustements to the crystal structure. Generally, no 580°C bonds are broken, but the angles between the atoms may change slightly. a1 c a2 a * Reconstructive Transformation: It involves extensive rearrangement of the crystal structure and 8 β -quartz Tridymite 5 0 ° C requires breaking of chemical bonds and reassembling c b the atoms into a different crystal structure. * Order-Disorder Transformation: It involves the state of order or disorder in a crystal structure. 29 Si MAS NMR NAT001 NAT002 Natrolite: [Na 2 Al 2 Si 3 O 10 .2H 2 O] MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 5 Day, Sevilla 2004. order

RECONSTRUCTIVE TRANFORMATION: Synthesis of Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 1500°C * Ceramic Method: 2SiO 2 + Lu 2 O 3 Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 Q 4 Q 1 a1 a c c a2 b 1000°C * Sol-Gel Method: TEOS/EtOH + Lu(NO 3 ) 3 /AcOH Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 Q 0 Q 1 a c b 300°C * Hydrothermal Method: Saponite + Lu(NO 3 ) 3 Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 H 2 O Q 1 Q 3 a c b MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 6 Day, Sevilla 2004.

RECONSTRUCTIVE TRANFORMATION: Phyllosilicates Species Layer Layer Group Charge (X) Type Dioctahedral member Trioctahedral member 1:1 x=0 Kaolinite- Kaolinite Chrisotile serpentine Halloysite x=0 Pyrophyllite-Talc Pyrophyllite Talc 0.2?x ?0.6 Smectite Saponite Montmorillonite Beidellite Hectorite nontronite 2:1 0.6 ?x ?0.9 Vermiculite Dioctahedral vermiculite Trioctahedral vermiculite x=1 Mica Muscovite Phlogopite Paragonite Biotite x=2 Brittle mica Margarite Clintonite Mica-4 MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 7 Day, Sevilla 2004.

RECONSTRUCTIVE TRANFORMATION: Smectite Saponite Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 Lu 3+ 300° C, 2 days 29 Si MAS NMR MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 8 Day, Sevilla 2004.

RECONSTRUCTIVE TRANFORMATION: Phyllosilicates Species Layer Layer Group Charge (X) Type Dioctahedral member Trioctahedral member 1:1 x=0 Kaolinite- Kaolinite Chrisotile serpentine Halloysite x=0 Pyrophyllite-Talc Pyrophyllite Talc 0.2?x ?0.6 Smectite Montmorillonite Saponite Beidellite Hectorite nontronite 2:1 0.6 ?x ?0.9 Vermiculite Dioctahedral vermiculite Trioctahedral vermiculite x=1 Mica Muscovite Phlogopite Biotite Paragonite x=2 Brittle mica Margarite Clintonite Mica-4 MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 9 Day, Sevilla 2004.

RECONSTRUCTIVE TRANFORMATION: Muscovite Lu 3+ 300° C, 3 days 29 Si MAS NMR MD Alba et al, Nonlinear Double 10 Day, Sevilla 2004.