Neutron stars as superfluid laboratories !"#$ %&'()$$*& - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Neutron stars as superfluid laboratories !"#$ %&'()$$*&

+,(-+,(*).-/,0##(&1( 20&+-+*-3$(-0$+)*&*4"/0#-*5$()60+"*&$-+*-7)*5(-40++()-0+-$37)0&3/#(0) '(&$"+"($8 %-94"&"40#: +,(*).-4*'(#-)(;3")($<- = $37)0&3/#(0) (;30+"*&-*>-$+0+(- ?,.7()*&$@-;30)A$-(+/8B- = (#0$+"/-/)3$+ ?&(3+)*&-$37()>#3"'C6*)+"/($B = 401&(+"/->"(#'- ?/*&>"13)0+"*&@-/3))(&+$DB = +(47()0+3)(-7)*>"#($-------------- ?(E*+"/-/**#"&1-4(/,0&"$4$DB = $37()>#3"'F$37()/*&'3/+*)$- ?6*)+"/($-6$ >#3E-+35($DB = )*+0+"*&-?60)"*3$-"&$+05"#"+"($B = )(#0+"6"$+"/-1)06"+. [courtesy Dany Page]

$37()>#3"'"+. G"&/(-40+3)(-&(3+)*&-$+0)$-0)(-9/*#': ?HK S TUU-V W()4" XHK HY TB-+,(.-$,*3#'-5( ("+,()-$*#"'-*)-$37()>#3"'8 Theory: G"&/(-#0+(-HIJKL$@-&3/#(0)-7,.$"/$- /0#/3#0+"*&$-"&'"/0+(-9MNGO#"A(: 70")"&1- 107$->*)-&(3+)*&$-0&'-7)*+*&$8 Exotica: P((7-/*)(-40.-/*&+0"&-$37()>#3"' ,.7()*&$-0&'F*)-/*#*3) $37()/*&'3/+"&1- '(/*&>"&(' ;30)A$Q-7,0$($-R,"/,-0##*R- (E*+"/-70")"&1-$+0+($8 Remark: Z3$+ /*&$"'()-$70+"0#-7,0$(-+)0&$"+"*&$-?5*3&'0).-#0.()$-(+/(+()0B8 [NA, Comer & Glampedakis Nucl Phys A 763, 212 (2005)]

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43+30#->)"/+"*& V,(-7)($(&/(-*>-6*)+"/($-#(0'$-+*-943+30#->)"/+"*&:8 G+0&'0)'->*)4-?>*)-0-$+)0"1,+-6*)+(E-0))0.BQ 2 R R � � � � � � � � � mf j klm n np j k f w w i � ijk n l m � ijk n np 2 2 1 R 1 R R,()( � � � � i ijk n p n j k Possibilities: � (#(/+)*&-$/0++()"&1-*>>-6*)+"/($-#(0'$-+*- R UUH � 6*)+(E-/#3$+()$-#(0'-+*- R hhH � 6*)+(EF>#3E+35( "&+()0/+"*&D V,(@-3$30##.-&(1#(/+('@-$+)*&1-')01-)(1"4(-#(0'$-+*-"&+()($+"&1-'.&04"/$8 [NA, Sidery & Comer MNRAS 368, 162 (2006)]

*5$()60+"*&$ ]5$()60+"*&0#-$377*)+->)*4-91#"+/,($: "&-40&.-.*3&1-&(3+)*&-$+0)$8- V,(-$+0&'0)'-4*'(#->*)-+,($(-(6(&+$-"$-50$('-*&-+)0&$>()-*>-0&13#0)- 4*4(&+34->)*4-0-$37()>#3"' /*47*&(&+-+*-+,(-/)3$+8- i +,(-/)3$+-$#*R$-'*R&-'3(-+*-401&(+"/-5)0A"&1 i +,(-$37()>#3"' /0&-*&#.-$7"&-'*R&-">- 6*)+"/($---------------------- 4*6(-*3+R0)'$-- i ">-+,(-6*)+"/($-0)(-7"&&('-+*-+,(-/)3$+@- +,(- $37()>#3"' #01$-5(,"&'- i 0+-$*4(-/)"+"/0#-#(6(#@-0-#0)1(-&345()-*>-6*)+"/($-0)(- )(#(0$('8-%$-0-)($3#+-+,(-/)3$+-"$-$73&-378- ]5$()60+"*&$-$311($+--3&7"&&"&1-*>-6*)+"/($-0+-)(#0+"6(-)*+0+"*& � �� � p � � 5 10 4 ]3)-3&'()$+0&'"&1-"$@-,*R(6()@->0)->)*4-$0+"$>0/+*).8- c&-70)+"/3#0)@-R(-'*-&*+-A&*R-R,0+-+)"11()$ 0-1#"+/,8

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+3)53#(&/( V,"$-$"47#(-4*'(#-40.@-,*R(6()@-5(-9R)*&1:d c>-+,()(-"$-0-#0)1(-$/0#(->#*R-0#*&1 +,(-6*)+(E-0))0.@-+,(&-$,*)+-R06(#(&1+,- "&()+"0#-4*'($-5(/*4(-3&$+05#(8- V,(&-+,(-$.$+(4-"$-+3)53#(&+-?*6()R,(#4"&1-(6"'(&/(->)*4-#05-(E7()"4(&+$B@- 0&'-+,(-43+30#->)"/+"*&-40.-,06(-0-'">>()(&+->*)4Q 2 � � � � � 2 8 � 3 2 pn f n 1 B w w � � i pn i � � 3 � � 2 V,"$-#(0'$-+*-&*&O(E7*&(&+"0#-)(#0E0+"*&-?#*/0##.B@-$*-R(-&(('-$"43#0+"*&$d [NA, Sidery & Comer MNRAS 381, 747 (2007)]

$37()>#3"' "&$+05"#"+. j#*50#-)O4*'(-/0#/3#0+"*&->*)-4*'(#-R"+,-43+30#->)"/+"*&-0&'-'">>()(&+-- 50/A1)*3&'-)*+0+"*&-)0+($-?>")$+-+"4(kB8- ^0)1(- m 4*'($-?$,*)+-R06(O#(&1+,B- 5(/*4(-'.&04"/0##. 3&$+05#(- 5(.*&'-/)"+"/0#-)*+0+"*&0#-#01-"&- $.$+(4-R"+,-$+)*&1 /*37#"&18 N*3#'-+,"$-5(-+,(-4(/,0&"$4-+,0+- +)"11()$-#0)1(-1#"+/,($D M0#0&/(-4*'(-1)*R+,-0&'-$,(0)- 6"$/*$"+.-'047"&1-+*-1(+Q � � � � 2/3 4/3 � P � � T � � n p � � 5 6 10 � � � � � 8 � 0.1s � � 10 K � p critical Note <-l*$$"5#(-#"&A-5(+R((&-*$/"##0+"*&-4*'($-0&'-6*)+(E-+3)53#(&/(8 [Glampedakis & NA PRL 102, 141101 (2009)]