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!"#$%&'(%)*+%,%*
My research collaborators: !"#$%&'(%)*+%,%* - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
My research collaborators: !"#$%&'(%)*+%,%* - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
My research collaborators: !"#$%&'(%)*+%,%* -".'/+0)1*%2 Can you match these dogs to each behavior? a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship -".'/+0)1*%2 Can you match these dogs to each behavior? a) Tracking
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- ".'/+0)1*%2
Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
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- ".'/+0)1*%2
Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
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Dachshund
Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
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- ".'/+0)1*%2
Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
Greyhound
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Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
Border Collie
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Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
Pekingese
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- ".'/+0)1*%2
Can you match these dogs to each behavior?
a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship a) Tracking b) Racing c) Herding d) Companionship
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What kind of diseases do dogs get?
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The same ones people get! Blindness Deafness Cancer Diabetes Heart Disease Epilepsy Arthritis and more ...
So why study dogs instead of humans?
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“Mapping” genes: Which genes are different?
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AAAGGTCAGGGTTGCATTTCCCTTCCTTGCTTCTCGATGGGTGATTAATTTTTTTTGAAATACGGACGTCCCAAGGCCAATGAGACTGGTGTCATTCCA GAAAAGGGCCACTCTGTGGGTGGGTCGGTGGGAAGGCACCTGAGGGTGGGGTCAAGGGAGGCCCCAAAACAGTCTACACAGCAGGAGGGATGGCTGGGG CTCTTGAGCTATAAGTGGCACCTCAGGGCCCTGACGGGCGTCTTGCCATGCTGCTCCTGGGCCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGCCCCTGCTGGCTGGCGCCCGCC TGCTGTGGAACTGGTGGAAGCTCCGGAGCCTCCACCTCCTGCCTCTTGCCCCGGGCTTCTTGCACCTGCTGCAGCCCGACCTCCCCATCTATCTGCTTG GCCTGACTCAGAAATTCGGGCCCATCTACAGGCTCCACCTTGGGCTGCAAGGTGAGAGGCTGATCTCGCTCTGGCCCTCACCATAGGAGGGGGCGGAGG TGACGGAGAGGGTCCTCTCTCCGCTGACGCTGCTTTGGCTGTCTCCCAGATGTGGTGGTGCTGAACTCCAAGAGGACCATTGAGGAAGCCATGGTCAAA AAGTGGGCAGACTTTGCTGGCAGACCTGAGCCACTTACCTGTAAGGGCCGGGGGCATTTTTTCTTTCTTAAACAAATTTTTTTTTTGTTAGAGATGGGG TCTTGCTATGTTGCCCAGGCTGGTCTTGAATTCCTGGTCTCAAGTGATCCTCCCACCTCGGCCTCAAGTGGGAGCCACCTTCGGGGGCTTCCCCAATCC TCCAGGTCACTGGAAGCTCTTGGGGGGCATATCTTCAGGAGAAGAAGCAGGTGTTGAGGAGGCAGAAGAAGGTCAGGCCCTCGGCTTCCTTGGTCAGTT CCCACCCTCCAGCCCCCAGCTCCTCCTGCAGACAAGCTGGTGTCTAAGAACTACCCGGACCTGTCGTTGGTCTCTGCTCTGGAAAGCCCACAAGAAGCT CACCCGCTCAGCCCTGCTGCTGGGCATCCGTGACTCCATGGAGCCAGTGGTGGAGCAGCTGACCCAGGAGTTCTGTGAGGTAAGGCTGGGCTCCTGAGG CCACCTCGGGTCAGCCTCGCCTCTCACAGTAGCCCCCGCCCTGCCCGCTGCACAGCGGCCTGCTGAACTCACACTGTTTCTCCACAGCGCATGAGAGCC CAGCCCGGCACCCCTGTGGCCATTGAGGAGGAATTCTCTCTCCTCACCTGCAGCATCAACTGTTACCTCACCTTCGGAGACAAGATCAAGGTGCCTCAC AGCCCCTCAGGCCCACCCCCAGCCCCTCCCTGAGCCTCTCCTTGTCCTGAACTGAAAGTACTCCATCCTTTCCTGGCAGGAGGACAACTTAATGCCTGC CTATTACAAATGTATCCAGGAGGTGTTAAAAACCTGGAGCCACTGGTCCATCCAAATTGTGGACGTGATTCCCTTTCTCAGGGTGAGGACCTGGAGCCT AGACACCCCTGGGTTGTAGGGGAGAGGCTGGGGTGGAGGGAGAGGCTCCTTCCCACAGCTGCATTCTCATGCTTCCTGCCGCAGTTCTTCCCCAATCCA GGTCTCCGGAGGCTGAAGCAGGCCATAGAGAAGAGGGACCACAACGAGGAGAAGCAGCTGAGGCAGCACAAGGTGGGGACTGTGTGTGGACGGCCTCCC CTCGGCCCACAGCCAGTGATGCTACCGGCCTCAGCATTGCTATGAGGCGGGTTCTTTTGCATACCCCAGTTATGGGCCTGTTGCCACTCTGTACTCCTC TCCCCAGGCCAGCCGCTCAGCCCGCTCCTTTCACCCTCTGCAGGAGAGCCTGGTGGCAGGCCAGTGGAGGGACATGATGGACTACATGCTCCAAGGGGT GGCGCAGCCGAGCATGGAAGAGGGCTCTGGACAGCTCCTGGAAGGGCACTTGCACATGGCTGCAGTGGACCTCCTGATCGGTGGCACTGAGACCACAGC AAACACCCTCTCCTGGGCCGTGGTTTTTTTTGCTTCACCACCCTGAGGTGCGTCCTGCGGACAAGCAAAAGGCTCCTTCCCAGCAACCTGGCCAGGGCG GTGGGCACCCTCACTCAGCTCTGAGCACTGTGCGGCTGGGGCTGTGCTTGCCTCACCGGCACTCAGGCTCACTGGGTTGCTGAGGGAGCGGCTGGAGGC TGGGCAGCTGTGGGCTGCTGGGGCAGGACTCCACCCGATCATTCCCCAGATTCAGCAGCGACTGTAGGAGGAGCTAGACCACGAACTGGGCCCTGGTGC CTCCAGCTCCCGGGTCCCCTACAAGGACCGTGCACGGCTGCCCTTGCTCAATGCCACCATCGCCGAGGTGCTGCGCCTGTGGCCCGTTGTGCCCTTAGC CTTGCCCCACCGCACCACACGGCCCAGCAGGTGACTCCCGAGGGTTGGGGATGAGTGAGGAAAGCCCGAGCCCAGGGAGGTCCTGGCCAGCCTCTAACT CCAGCCCCCTTCAGCATCTCCGGCTACGACATCCCTGAGGGCACAGTCATCATTCCGAACCTCCAAGGCGCCCACCTGGATGAGACGGTCTGGGAGAGG CCACATGAGTTCTGGCCTGGTATGTGGGGGGCCGGGGGCCTGCCATGAAAATGTGGTGGAGGCTGGTCCCCGCTGCCGCTGAACGCCTCCCCACCCACC TGTCCACCCGCCCGCAGATCGCTTCCTGGAGCCAGGCAAGAACTCCAGAGCTCTGGCCTTCGGCTGCGGTGCCCGCGTGTGCCTGGGCGAGCCGCTGGC GCGCCTGGAGCTCTTCGTGGTGCTGACCCGACTGCTGCAGGCCTTCACGCTGCTGCCCTCCGGGGACGCCCTGCCCTCCCTGCAGCCCCTGCCCCACTG CAGTGTCATCCTCAAGATGCAGCCTTTCCAAGTGCGGCTGCAGCCCCGGGGGATGGGGGCCCACAGCCCAGGCCAGAACCAGTGATGGGGCAGGACCGA TGCCAGCCGGGTACCTCAGTTTCTCCTTTATTGCTCCCGTACGAACCCCTCCCCTCCCCCCTGTAAACACAGTGCTGCGAGATCGCTGGCAGAGAAGGC TTCCTCCAGCGGCTGGGTGGTGAAGGACCCTGGCTCTTCTCTCGGGGCGACCCCTCAGTGCTCGGCAGTCATACTGGGGTGCGAGAGAGGTGGGCAGCA GCTCAGCCTCCCCCCGCTGGGGAGCGAAAGTTTCTTGGTCTCAGCTTCATTTCCGTGAAGGGCACCGAGAACTCGAAGCCCTTCCAGTGGTACCAGCTC ACTCCCTGGGAAAGGGGTTGTCAAGAGAGAGTCAAAGCCGGATGTCCCATCTGCTCCTCCCGTTCCCCTTAAGGAGGTGGCTCCCAGCACTCAACCAAC CTCCCCGCAGAGCTCCCTTCCTGACCCTCTGCCGCAGAGGATTGAGGCTTAATCCTGAGCTGGTCCTTTCCAGCCAATAAATCAACTCCAGCTCCCTCT GCGAGGCTGGCATGATTGTTCCATTTCACCCAGCCGCTCAGTCCCTTGCCTGTTACACTGTGGGGCTGAAACCTAGGCAGGCCGAGCCCCAGCCACCCC AGCTCTGAGCCGCCTCCCCACCCCTCACCTGATGGTCCACTGTGCTCCCGTAGAGCCCGTTGAGGTTGGCGTAGTGGCAGTTCCTGTACCACCAGGCCC CTCGGTAGGAGACAGCGCAGGAGATGAGCAAGCTGTTGGGGTCCCGATCACGGGCAGAGAAGACACTGCCGCTGTGGTAGCTCATGGAGTCCCCTGGGC
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AATTGCTCCCGTACGAACCCCTCCCCTCCCCC CTGTAAACACAGTGCTGCGAGATCGCTGGCAG AGAAGGCTTCCTCCAGCGGCTGGGTGGTGAAG GACCCTGGCTCTTCTCTCGGGGCGACCCCTCA GTGCTCGGCAGTCATACTGGGGTGCGAGAGAG GTGGGCAGCAGCTCAGCCTCCCCCCGCTGGGG AGCGAAAGTTTCTTGGTCTCAGCTTCATTTCC AATTGCTCCCGTACGAACCCCTCCCCTCCCCC CTGTCAACACAGTGCTGCGAGATCGCTGGCAG AGAAGGCTTCCTCCAGCGGCTGGGTGGTGAAG GACCCTGGCTCTTCTCTCGGGGCGACCCCTCA GTGCTCGGCAGTCATACTGGGTTGCGAGAGAG GTGGGCAGCAGCTCAGCCTCCCCCCGCTGGGG AGCGAAAGTTTCTTGGTCTCAGCTTCATTTCC
SNP SNP
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How many letters of DNA do you think make up all the DNA in the nucleus of one dog cell nucleus? What percentage of those letters do you think would be different if you compared the DNA from two dogs of the same breed?
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2,445,000,000 letters per cell
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1 change (SNP) per 1600 letters
About 1,500,000 differences between two dogs in the same breed
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1 change (SNP) per 1600 letters
We can map genes by testing about 1 in 10 changes (170,000 SNPs)
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Lets map a gene!
sometimes deaf
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vs.
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1) Collect blood sample 2) Extract DNA 3) Put DNA on chip to measure SNPs 4) Put chip on scanner 5) Analyze data
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Liquid handler
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1) Collect blood sample 2) Extract DNA 3) Put DNA on chip to measure SNPs 4) Put chip on scanner 5) Analyze data
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Genotyping machine robot
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1) Collect blood sample 2) Extract DNA 3) Put DNA on chip to measure SNPs 4) Put chip on scanner 5) Analyze data
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100% Correlated SNP
… C A C G A T A C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C C A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T …
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Somewhat correlated SNP
… C A C G A T A C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C C A T A C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G A A C G T … … C A C G A T T C G A T G G A C G T …
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High Score Low Score Intermediate Score
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PLINK
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Chromosome strength of correlation
Genome-wide mapping
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T T C G G C
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Chromosome 20 between letters 24,827,321 and 24,992,128
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Chromosome 20 between letters 24,827,321 and 24,992,128
3333'41)56"&2'+&')7%')7+2'.%&%'0512%'51$+)"*89 /+.4%&)5*8'28&$*"4%2'3333
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We mapped the gene: MITF!
sometimes deaf