Muhd Noor Muhd Yunus, PhD Deputy Director General (R&D) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Muhd Noor Muhd Yunus, PhD Deputy Director General (R&D) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dec 19, 2022 322 likes •722 views

Muhd Noor Muhd Yunus, PhD Deputy Director General (R&D) Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuklear Malaysia) Bangi, 43000 KAJANG, Selangor muhdnoor@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my Wast ste Managem agement nt Goals Energy rgy, Waste te and

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Muhd Noor Muhd Yunus, PhD

Deputy Director General (R&D) Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuklear Malaysia) Bangi, 43000 KAJANG, Selangor muhdnoor@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my

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Wast ste Managem agement nt Goals

Energy rgy, Waste te and Environme ronment nt Expertise rtise in Nuklear ar Malay aysia sia – W2W Strate tegies ies

Success ss Stories s and R&D Projects ts

  • MSW
  • Biomas

mass

  • Hazardo

ardous us Waste te and Material rial Recove very ry

  • Radioa
  • activ

tive Waste and Minerals rals

Future ure Directio tions ns –Nuclear r Waste te?

Challen lenges ges

  • Publi

lic Acceptan tance

  • Techno

nolog logy y Up-Scal caling ing and Comm mmerc rciali ializati tion

  • n
  • Advance

ance Technolog

  • logy

y – High Inves estme tment nt Co Cost

  • Human

man Resou

  • urce

rce

Conclus usion

  • ns
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SLIDE 3

Dumping

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SLIDE 4

Incine nerati ation n and renewal l ener nergy gy Mater eria ial l and Chemical cal Technolo chnology gy Plant t Integr grity ity Radiati tion

  • n

Technolo chnology gy Biology y and Agro techno chnology

  • gy

Radioacti ctive ve Nuclea clear r Waste te Hydrology gy Geology gy Enviro ronmen nment

W2W

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SLIDE 5

Paper (8.2%)

ANALYSIS: MSW mass flow diagram

Plastics (13.1%) Textiles (1.3%) Rubber&leather (0.4%) Wood(1.8%) Garden Waste (6.9%) Dust (0.4%) Incombustibles (11.5%) Organics (58.3%) 25% : AD/Compost? 32% RDF? +20% Moisture 12% Recycle? 11% Landfill?

MSW

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SLIDE 6

MSW

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SLIDE 7

MSW

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SLIDE 8

MSW

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MSW

Benchmarking Local Technology, Funding Model and Cost

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N2 O2 Dry air Odour subtances (Benzene, Dimethlsulfide,Trimethylamine TML

TREATMENT TMENT OF SIMULATED TED ODOR R FROM M RDF PLANT T USING G ASHUMALI LI KINETI TIC C MODELING LING

BY MOHD.

  • HD. NAHAR

AR BIN OTHMA MAN MALAY AYSIA IAN NUCLEAR AR AGENCY CY

10 20 30 40 50 5 10 15 20 25 30 Irradiation Dose (kGy) Benzene conc,in ppmv Humid Air Humid N2

MSW

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SLIDE 11

Dzz(cm2/s) t (sec)

Ug = 10 cm/s Dc = 18”

COMPARISON OF COMPUTED (CFDLIB) AND MEASURED Dzz Gas Jets from Sparger with 8 holes

MSW

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MSW

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MSW

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Raw material Kernel Shell

CARBONATION UNIT RK-FB WASHING PROCESS IODINE 131 SCRUBBING

100 % input Charcoal or Adsorbent 20 % output KI Impregnated

PROD ODUCTI UCTION ON OF ADSO SORBE RBENT T FROM PALM M SHELL FOR RADIO IOACTI CTIVE IODINE INE SCRUBB BBING ING PROCESS OCESS

RK – FB reactor Combustion inside RK-FB palm kernel shell :– charcoal palm kernel shell :– charcoal Activate with ethanol Washing with acid 30 % output Charcoal or Adsorbent Iodine scrubbing apparatus

Biomass

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Biomass

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1

Carrier Production

EFB POME H2O Mixing Packing 35-50 kGy Gamma-irradiation MINTec-Sinagama

BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION Inoculum Production

Batch Culture Mother culture Purity test

Gamma-irradiated bags

Inoculation Incubation 28°C ± 2

Quality Assurance

Field Experiments/ Ready for Use

Sources: Khairuddin Abdul Rahim et al. (2004, 2005, 2006); Zakry Fitri Abdul Aziz et al. (2005; 2006) STERILE CONDITION

Biomass

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Biomass

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Microbial fuel cell + Wastewater → Bioenergy + cleaner wastewater POME/Wastewater MFC

Biocatalyst Fuel Power (mW/m2) Sources

EMC ACETATE 1,860 Current study EMC Sucrose 29.2 He et al. 2006 EMC Glucose, glutamate 560 Moon et al. 2006 EMC Xylose 673 Huang & Logan 2008 EMC AAW 1030 Jong et al. 2006 EMC Acetate 1330 Liu et al. 2005

  • S. putrefaciens

Medium 0.32 Kim et al. 2002

  • R. ferrireducens

Glucose 8.2 Chaudhuri &Lovley 2003

  • G. sulfurreducens

Acetate 16 Bond and Lovley 2003

  • S. oneidensis

Lactate 3000 Ringeisen et al. 2006 EMC POME 622 Current study EMC Organic wastewater 8.3 Kim et al. 2004 EMC Starch processing WW 239.4 Lu et al. 2009 EMC Acid-mine drainage 290 Cheng et al. 2007 EMC Paper recycling WW 672 Huang & Logan 2008 EMC Organic WW 899 Shimoyama et al. 2008 EMC Leachate 3600 Rabaey et al. 2003 EMC, Enriched microbial consortium

Microbes on electrode

28°C

  • First thermophilic mediatorless MFC
  • Maximum power density ~1,030 mW/m2
  • % COD removal ~47%
  • Coulombic efficiency ~ 80%

60°C

Jong et al., 2006, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006 40:6449-6454.

  • POME
  • Maximum power

density ~ 622 mW/m2

  • % COD removal ~ 23%
  • Cuolombic efficiency

~ 32%

Jong et al., 2009, 2nd Int. MFC Conf., Korea.

28°C

  • Maximum power density ~ 1,860 mW/m2
  • % COD removal ~ 60%
  • Cuolombic efficiency ~ 26%

Biomass

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Hazardou

  • us
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20

Nano-sized Alpha and Gamma alumina from Non-Radioactive Schedule Waste

Applications:

  • Thermal insulating

material – refractory, insulator , spark plug, electrical, ceramic

  • Electronic packaging

material

  • Structural – polishing,

cutting tools, bullet proof vest

  • Catalyst balls , water filter

Catalyst balls Heat barrier

Hazardous

  • us
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21

Radioactive Mineral Recover Uranium and Thorium Value-added advanced material Treatment Radioactive Waste Treatment Product with low radioactivity Stable form with lower waste volume RESEARCH APPROACH Radioacti ctive ve

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Nanoanatase and nanorutile in powder form

Paint form

Ilmenite Mineral Nanoanatase and nanorutile powder from local radioactive mineral

Photodegradation Applications:

  • waste water treatment
  • Organic waste (POME)
  • Radioactive organic

waste

  • SOx , NOx,

formaldehyde, VOC gases

  • Smokes
  • Anti-bacteria
  • Anti-fungal
  • Self-cleaning

Radioacti ctive ve

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23

Titaniate Nanowire from Local Rutile Mineral

  • Nanowire is more efficient than powder due to its

larger surface area

  • This innovative process is superior than existing

method s as it requires shorter fabrication time, used smaller amount of alkaline and does not required high pressure Rutile mineral Titanate nanowire 20,000 X magnification under Electron Microscope Applications:

  • Hydrogen production
  • Sensor
  • Electrode
  • Solar panel

Radioacti ctive ve

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24

Vitrified low radioactivity brick from TENORM waste

  • Cheap brick formulation made from local red

clay

  • Brick can be used in outdoor such as pavers,

walls, garden, etc

  • Possible NORM waste that can be used

includes radioactive oil sludge waste from oil and gas industry, radioactive iron gypsum waste from Lynas, etc.

  • Lynas had expressed interest in using this

technology for bricks and road sub-basement material

  • Properties of this brick includes:
  • a. Radioactivity level diluted to background
  • b. Leaching test using ISO 6961 method

shows no radionuclide leach out after 2 years of leaching

  • c. Compress strength of 4 times that of

commercial clay brick Vitrified bricks from oil sludge waste Local oil sludge waste Radioacti ctive ve

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25

Solidification of radioactive Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) waste from ARE plant

  • The closure of the ARE plant in 1994,

resulted to the DEHPA classified as a radioactive waste.

  • Problem: Long term storage in liquid

form is difficult

  • Total waste volume: 31500 m3
  • Final solid waste form identified as

apatite that low solubility in water

  • Reduce waste volume (25% less)
  • Easy long term storage of solid waste

form

Radioacti ctive ve

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SLIDE 26

26

  • Present of radioactive

amang dump due to the present of radioactive and

  • ther impurities
  • After treatment a cleaner

zircon mineral is obtained

  • This due to removal

Uranium, Thorium as well as iron (Fe)

  • Results to reusable of

radioactive mineral dumps

  • Recovery of Uranium and

Thorium for nuclear fuel

Before fore treat eatme ment, t, Contains tains 2400 0 ppm ppm Urani nium um &Tho hori rium um Afte ter r treat eatme ment Contains tains non detec tecta table radioact ioactiv ivi ty and iron n

Glaze test Opacifier test Zircon Dump Treatment of Radioactive Contaminated Zircon Radioacti ctive ve

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Long Lived Fission Fragments (Tc-99, I-129, Cs-135, Sn-126..) Nuclea clear

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????? Nuclea clear

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Verti tical cal deposit itio ion Horizonta ntal deposit itio ion n

Cani nister ter Bent nton

  • nite

te Backfi ckfill ll Cani nister ter Bent nton

  • nite

te Host stroc rock Host stroc rock

Nuclea clear

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What is Transmutation by Fission?

n

Xe Xe- 130 130 I- 129 129 I- 130 130

Non-Rad Radioacti active ve Neut eutron ron Capture β Beta a Particle Energy rgy Nuclea clear

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Nuclea clear

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Nuclea clear

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Nuclea clear

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Public blic Acceptanc ptance e e.g Broga ga, , Lynas as Technol nology gy Up Up-Scalin Scaling g and Commercializa mmercialization tion e.g Semeny enyih ih RDF Plant, ant, Benchmar nchmarking king local al technolog hnology y and cost  Adva vance nce Technolo hnology gy – Hi High gh Inve vestment tment Cost e.g Transm nsmuter uter MYRRHA HA  Excellen llent and Adequate equate Hu Human an Resou

  • urce

ce e.g Malaysia laysia vs vs Korea, ea, MYRRHA HA

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KUANTAN, May 11 — The police said today they will take stern action against any group that stirs up trouble against the Lynas rare earths refinery being built in Gebeng. The Australian miner had won a RM700 million deal to build the rare earth processing plant here in 2007, but recent reports over Japan’s nuclear crisis caused by a 9.0-magnitude earthquake and tsunami triggered fears

  • f radiation leaks along with other health and environmental concerns

among residents here and green groups nationwide. Pahang Development Corporation (PKPN) and the Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB) have been going down to the ground to hold a series of public talks on the Lynas project, but to little effect. The Sydney-based company has said it is on track to fire up the plant in September. Pahang police chief Datuk Saifuddin Ab Ghani was reported saying his men were monitoring protest programmes, demonstrations and lectures

  • rganised in relation to the controversial Gebeng facility.

“I ask all quarters to abide by the law and not create any nonsense,” state news agency Bernama cited Saifuddin as saying today.

BERNAMA.Com

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 Nuklear

Nuklear Malays Malaysia ia – besi beside des developing developing nuc nuclea lear techno technolo logies ies is is als also inv invol

  • lved

ved in in devel develop

  • ping

ing tech techno nologi logies es and and in innov novation ations to to resolv resolve othe

  • ther no

non- radioacti dioactive ve waste

 R&D

R&D Po Posi sitio ions ns taken taken - Av Avail ailabili ability ty of

  • f exp

expertise, ertise, the the “vacuum” in in the the loc local al tech technol nolog

  • gies

ies, Ben Benchm chmark arking ing Local Local Tec Techno hnolo logies ies, fus fusion ion betwe etween en the radioact radioactive ive and non-rad radioac ioactiv tive waste

 Som

Some suc success cess sto stori ries, es, cha chall llenges nges and and les lessons sons lea learnt rnt are are repor reported ed e.g Pu Public blic Acc ccep eptanc tance, e, Up Up-Scal caling ing R&D &D and Commerc ercializatio ialization, n, Fundi ding High Tech, h, HRD.

 More

re Challengin llenging is is nuclea lear waste

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SLIDE 37

The e Most st Chal allengin lenging g Iss ssue Perh rhaps! aps!

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