Manganese Sulphate’s role in the Battery Revolution Rob Mandanici, Managing Director www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Contents • What is Manganese Sulphate? • Cathode structures using Manganese Sulphate. • Demand for Manganese Sulphate in Cathodes. • PMG’s Role in the Battery Revolution. • PMG’s Process. • The challenges, risks, future uses & the benefits. • Conclusion. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
WHAT IS MANGANESE SULPHATE? www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
What is Manganese Sulphate? • Mn transitional metal – known for distinct properties e.g. Ductile, malleable and able to conduct electricity and heat. • Manganese is digested with Sulphuric Acid then purified to produce a high-quality product. • A light pink salt used in some cathode structures of Lithium ion batteries. • Can be used to produce EMD used in Alkaline Batteries (AA/AAA). • High purity manganese sulphate currently takes up 10% of global Mn market, but accounts for 40% of its global market value. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
CATHODE STRUCTURES USING MANGANESE SULPHATE www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Cathode structures using Manganese Sulphate • LMO contains 4% Lithium, 61% Manganese and 35% Oxygen. • Various structures of NMC being utilized. • SK Innovations: NMC 811 for the Kia Niro is delayed until 2019, NMC 622 structure still being utilized. • China’s electric buses are now using NMC in favour of LFP. (Source: IDTech Ex Ltd). • Manganese favoured due to low commodity costs, stability, and conductivity. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Source: HIS Markit www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Source: MooreStephens www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Source: QNovo www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
DEMAND FOR MANGANESE SULPHATE IN CATHODES www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Demand for Manganese Sulphate in Cathodes • Cathode is the most expensive component of Lithium-Ion Batteries. • Demand rising as companies seek alternative cathode material to bring costs down. • Strong market for Manganese with steel and battery industry. • NMC to have the biggest market. • LMO to have the largest growth (4x). • Some electric vehicles using manganese cathode structures – BMW LMO and NMC (i3 and i8), Nissan LMO (Leaf), Rimac NMC (C-two). • Various battery storage systems like Tesla’s are using the NMC cathode, Tesla use NMC due to its long life cycle and cost. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Source: Avicoenne Energy www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
PMG’S ROLE IN THE BATTERY REVOLUTION www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
PMG’s Role in the Battery Revolution • Support local mines and transport companies. • Support local companies by taking waste. • Process high purity MnSO 4. • Long term plan to produce cathode material for battery manufacturers. • Support Future Battery Industries Cooperative Research Centre bid with funds and resources. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
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PMG’S PROCESS www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
PMG’s process • Low environmental impact. • Utilising proven technology – Digestion with Sulfuric Acid. Own IP for the front-end process turning MnO 2 to MnO. • • Own IP for the purification. • Patents pending upon completion of final testwork. • Utilise local companies waste and by products. • By products saleable – Ferric Oxide, Silica Sand. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
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CHALLENGES, RISKS, FUTURE USES & THE BENEFITS www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Challenges, risks, future uses & the benefits • Financial. • Markets. • Costs & Efficiencies. • Government & Regulatory. • Future Uses & Benefits. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
CONCLUSION www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
Manganese Sulphate’s role in the Battery Revolution • Manganese Sulphate will play a vital role in the battery revolution. • Rapidly growing demand. • PMG on track to capture the market and become Australia’s first Manganese Sulphate producer. • Simple process with low capital cost. • Clean and green process with a low impact to the environment. www.pilbarametalsgroup.com
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