Hydrologic/Nutrient Budgets & Management Plans Project Summary - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Hydrologic/Nutrient Budgets & Management Plans Project Summary October 16, 2014 Gloria Eby Harvey H. Harper, Ph.D.,P.E. Vicinity Map for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Lake Monroe East Crystal Chain Lake
Harvey H. Harper, Ph.D.,P.E.
Gloria Eby
October 16, 2014
Vicinity Map for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Monroe Lake Jesup
East Crystal Chain
Objectives – Develop hydrologic and nutrient budgets. Prioritize pollutant inputs, develop lake management plans and conceptual retrofit projects.
Probing Locations for Water and Muck Depth Contours in East Crystal Lake
Probing Locations for Water and Muck Depth Contours in Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Bathymetric Contour Map for East Crystal Lake (Elevations, NGVD)
Bathymetric Contour Map for Belair Lake (Elevations, NGVD)
Bathymetric Contour Map for Amory Lake (Elevations, NGVD)
Bathymetric Contour Map for Deforest Lake (Elevations, NGVD)
Bathymetric Characteristics of East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Lake Area (acres) Volume (ac-ft) Mean Depth (ft) Maximum Depth (ft) Shoreline Length (ft) Shoreline Development East Crystal 92.8 308 3.4 13 31,456 4.41 Belair 23.7 95.7 3.7 13 7,387 1.54 Amory 8.79 17.7 3.4 16 4,126 1.88 Deforest 11.8 62.2 4.6 13 2,804 1.10
Muck Depth Contours (ft) in East Crystal Lake
Muck Depth Contours (ft) in Belair Lake on February 16, 2012
Muck Depth Contours (ft) in Amory Lake on April 4, 2012
Muck Depth Contours (ft) in Deforest Lake on February 28, 2012
Newly formed lake
Middle aged lake
Aging lake
Excessive Nutrient Additions Can Accelerate Lake Aging
Locations of Sediment Sampling Sites in East Crystal Lake
Locations of Sediment Sampling Sites in Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Photographs of Typical Sediment Characteristics in East Crystal Lake
Organic muck overlying grey fine sand & peat Dark brown organic muck overlying light brown sand Thin organic muck layer overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in East Crystal Lake
Organic muck overlying grey fine sand & peat Dark brown organic muck overlying light brown sand Thin organic muck layer overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in East Crystal Lake
Organic muck overlying grey fine sand & peat Dark brown organic muck overlying light brown sand Thin organic muck layer overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in East Crystal Lake
Organic muck overlying grey fine sand & peat Dark brown organic muck overlying light brown sand Thin organic muck layer overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in East Crystal Lake
Organic muck overlying gray fine sand and peat Dark brown organic muck overlying light brown sand Thin organic muck layer overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Photographs of Typical Sediment Characteristics in Belair Lake
Dark brown organic muck overlying gray fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat Light brown organic muck overlying brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat Light brown organic muck overlying brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in Bel-Air Lake
Dark brown organic muck overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat Light brown organic muck overlying brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in Bel-Air Lake
Dark brown organic muck overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat Light brown organic muck overlying brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in Bel-Air Lake
Dark brown organic muck overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat Light brown organic muck overlying brown peat Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in Bel-Air Lake
Photographs of Typical Sediment Characteristics in Amory Lake
Light gray fine sand overlying brown fine sand Brown fine sand mixed with organics Thin organic muck layer overlying gray fine sand Brown fine sand
Light grey fine sand overlying brown fine sand Brown fine sand mixed with organics Thin organic muck layer overlying grey fine sand Brown fine sand
Sediment Characteristics in Amory Lake
Light grey fine sand overlying brown fine sand Brown fine sand mixed with organics Thin organic muck layer overlying grey fine sand Brown fine sand
Sediment Characteristics in Amory Lake
Light grey fine sand overlying brown fine sand Brown fine sand mixed with organics Thin organic muck layer overlying grey fine sand Brown fine sand
Sediment Characteristics in Amory Lake
Light grey fine sand overlying brown fine sand Brown fine sand mixed with organics Thin organic muck layer overlying grey fine sand Brown fine sand
Sediment Characteristics in Amory Lake
Photographs of Typical Sediment Characteristics in Deforest Lake
Organic muck and detritus overlying gray fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Brown organic muck overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Organic muck & detritus overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Brown organic muck overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in DeForest Lake
Organic muck & detritus overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Brown organic muck overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in DeForest Lake
Organic muck & detritus overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Brown organic muck overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in DeForest Lake
Organic muck & detritus overlying grey fine sand Dark brown organic muck overlying dark brown peat Brown organic muck overlying deep peat layer Dark brown organic muck overlying brown peat
Sediment Characteristics in DeForest Lake
Historical Water Quality Monitoring Sites in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
BELAIR-1 BELAIR-2 BELAIR-3 DEFOREST-2 DEFOREST-3 EC-1 EC-2 EC-3 AMORY-1 AMORY-2 AMORY-3 27140 CL02 CL03 CL01
Legend
WQ Stations Basin Boundary Lakes Wetlands Freshwater Marsh Wet Prairies Wetlands 600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
plants and fish
Oligotrophic Lakes Mesotrophic Lakes
Figure 2-15c Seepage Meter Float
Eutrophic Lakes
fish
Hyper-Eutrophic Lakes
Trophic State Index
Date
1/90 1/92 1/94 1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14
TSI
20 40 60 80 100
TN/TP Ratio
Date
1/90 1/92 1/94 1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14
TN/TP Ratio
100 200 300 400 500
East Crystal
Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic Phosphorus Limited Balanced
TSI Values in Amory and Deforest Lakes
Trophic State Index
Date
1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14
TSI
20 40 60 80 100
TN/TP Ratio
Date
1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14
TN/TP Ratio
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Deforest
Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic Phophorus Limited Balanced Nitrogen Limited slope = -0.0024 p = 0.0038 slope = 0.0022 p = 0.0951
Deforest Lake
Trophic State Index
Date
1/00 1/01 1/02 1/03 1/04 1/05 1/06 1/07 1/08 1/09 1/10 1/11 1/12 1/13 1/14
TSI
20 40 60 80 100
TN/TP Ratio
Date
1/00 1/01 1/02 1/03 1/04 1/05 1/06 1/07 1/08 1/09 1/10 1/11 1/12 1/13 1/14
TN/TP Ratio
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Amory
Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic Nitrogen Limited Balanced Phosphorus Limited
Amory Lake
Locations of Surface Water Monitoring Sites
East Crystal Lake
Figure 2.52 a
Amory Lake Deforest Lake Belair Lake
Figure 2.52 b
Variability in Calculated Trophic State Indices (TSI) in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from November 2010-December 2011
Trophic State Index
Date
11/1/10 1/1/11 3/1/11 5/1/11 7/1/11 9/1/11 11/1/11 1/1/12
TSI
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Amory - Top Belair - Top Crystal - Top Deforest - Top
TN/TP Ratio
Date
11/1/10 1/1/11 3/1/11 5/1/11 7/1/11 9/1/11 11/1/11 1/1/12
TN/TP
50 100 150 200 250 Amory - Top Amory - Bottom Belair - Top Belair - Bottom Crystal - Top Crystal - Bottom Deforest - Top Deforest - Bottom Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic Nitrogen Limited Balanced Phosphorus Limited
Recorded Water Elevations in East Crystal Lake from 1993-2013
(Source: Seminole County)
East Crystal Lake Historic Water Elevations
Year
92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
Water Elevation (NAVD)
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
CWL - Belair (38.51 ft)
Hydrologically Isolated
Recorded Water Elevations in Belair Lake from 1993-2013
(Source: Seminole County)
Belaire Lake Historic Water Elevations
Year
94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
Water Elevation (NAVD)
32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46
CWL - East Crystal (38.51 ft) CWL - Deforest (36.63 ft)
Hydrologically Isolated
Recorded Water Elevations in Amory Lake from 1993-2013
(Source: Seminole County)
Amory Lake Historic Water Elevations
Year
92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
Water Elevation (NAVD)
34 36 38 40 42 44
CWL - Culvert (41.04 ft)
Hydrologically Isolated
Recorded Water Elevations in Deforest Lake from 1993-2013
(Source: Seminole County)
Deforest Lake Historic Water Elevations
Year
92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
Water Elevation (NAVD)
32 34 36 38 40 42 44
CWL - Outfall (42.37 ft) CWL - Belair (36.63 ft)
Hydrologically Isolated
Photographs of Water Level Conditions in East Crystal Lake from November 2010-December 2011
Bottom areas of East Crystal Lake drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses Lake bottom converted to recreational use East Crystal Lake to Belair Lake Canal
Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use
Figure 2-70
Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use
Figure 2-70
Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use
Figure 2-70
Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use
Figure 2-70
Overall Drainage Basin Delineations for East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Pipes Basin Boundaries Lakes
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Overview of Sub-basin Areas for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Legend
Pipes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Lakes
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Summary of Calculated Basin Area / Lake Area Ratios for East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Lake Lake Area1 (acres) Drainage Basin Area (acres) Drainage Basin/ Lake Area Ratio East Crystal 92.80 469.6 5.1 Belair 23.73 90.3 3.8 Amory 8.79 168.2 19.1 Deforest 11.82 77.6 6.6
Elevation Contours in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins
(Datum: NAVD 88)
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake Legend
Basin Boundaries
Contour
40 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 55 56 - 60 61 - 65 66 - 70 71 - 75
1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Governmental Jurisdictions in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Pipes Lakes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Jurisdiction LAKE MARY SANFORD
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Existing Land Use Characteristics in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries
Land Use
LDR MDR HDR Institutional Golf Course Transportation Utility Open Upland Forest Wetlands Wet Pond Ponds Lakes
1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Hydrologic Soil Groups in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake Legend
Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries
Hydrologic Soil Group
A A/D W
1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Stormwater Treatment in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Pipes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Lakes Dry Pond Wet Pond Stormwater Treatment Areas Dry Pond Wet Pond Dual Pond
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Sewage Disposal Methods in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Lakes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries
Wastewater
Septic Tanks Sewer
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Summary of East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin Parcels Using Septic Tanks and Central Sewer Systems for Wastewater Disposal
Basin Number of Parcels with Septic Tanks Number of Parcels with Central Sewers Percent of Developed Area Using Septic Tanks (%) Amory 36 55 40 Belair 13 176 7 Deforest 32 100 East Crystal 417 240 63 Total: 498 471 51
Conceptual Schematic of Evaluated Hydrologic Inputs and Losses to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Jessamine Hydrologic Budget Components
Δ Storage Precipitation Evaporation Runoff/ Baseflow Groundwater Seepage Lake Outflow Deep Recharge East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Hydrologic Budget Components
Month Rainfall Depth (inches) Month Rainfall Depth (inches) January 2.73 July 6.86 February 2.93 August 7.75 March 3.87 September 6.16 April 2.32 October 3.71 May 3.28 November 2.23 June 6.95 December 2.35 Total: 51.14
Areas in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Drainage Basin that Receive Additional Attenuation in Ponds and Depressions
A01 Amory Direct B01 B02 B03 Belair Direct D01 D02 D03 Deforest Direct EC Direct EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake Legend
Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries
Attenuation Areas
Depression Pond Depression Pond
1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Typical Seepage Meter Installation
Seepage Meters Being Prepared for Installation
Locations of Seepage Meter Monitoring Sites in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4
Amory Lake Belair Lake Closed Basin Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake Unnamed Lake
Legend
Seepage Sites Basins
600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Photographs of Damaged and Exposed Seepage Meters in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter exposed in Belair Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake
Figure 4-4
Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake
Figure 4-4
Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake
Figure 4-4
Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake
Figure 4-4
Parameter Units East Crystal Lake Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake Lake Area acres 92.8 23.7 8.79 11.8 Mean Seepage Inflow liters/m2-day 0.22 0.57 0.52 0.51 ac-ft/year 24.5 16.2 5.50 7.21 Seepage/Surface Area Ratio ft/yr 0.26 0.68 0.62 0.61
Isopleths of Mean Seepage Inflow into the East Crystal Chain-of- Lakes from September 2010-March 2012
. 3 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 . 4 0.5 . 3 . 5 0.5 . 3 . 3 0.2 0.1600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Legend
Seepage Sites Seepage Contour
Seepage (liters/m^2-day)
High : 0.8 Low : 0
Estimated Annual Aquifer Recharge Rates in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
(Source: SJRWMD)
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Basin Boundaries Recharge 2005 0 - 4 In/Yr 4 - 8 In/Yr 1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Estimated Annual Deep Recharge Losses from the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Estimated Deep Recharge Loss inches/year ac-ft/yr East Crystal Lake 2.7 20.6 Belair Lake 3.8 7.5 Amory Lake 4.4 3.9 Deforest Lake 4.7 4.6
Wetland Areas Contiguous with the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Summary of Estimated Annual Evapotranspiration Losses from Contiguous Wetland and Marsh Areas in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Wetland / Marsh Area (acres) ET Losses1 (ac-ft/yr) Amory 0.23 0.9 Belair 14.59 55.6 Deforest 1.52 5.8 East Crystal 52.77 201.0
Calculated Hydrologic Inputs for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Source Annual Inflow (ac-ft/yr) Percent of Total (%) East Crystal Precipitation 396 65 Runoff 40.6 7 Overland Flow 140 23 Belair Inflow 7.2 1 Groundwater Seepage 24.5 4 Total: 608 100 Belair Precipitation 101 50 Runoff 38.8 19 Overland Flow 44.4 22 Groundwater Seepage 16.2 9 Total: 201 100 Amory Precipitation 37.5 44 Runoff 10.7 13 Overland Flow 31.2 37 Groundwater Seepage 5.5 6 Total: 84.8 100 Deforest Precipitation 50.4 26 Runoff 47.0 24 Overland Flow 13.5 7 Groundwater Seepage 7.2 4 Belair Inflow 31.4 16 Amory Inflow 43.5 23 Total: 193 100
Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Inputs to East Crystal and Belair Lakes
Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Inputs to East Crystal and Belair Lakes
Calculated Hydrologic Losses for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Source Annual Inflow (ac-ft/yr) Percent of Total (%) East Crystal Evaporation 387 64 Wetland Evapotranspiration 201 33 Deep Recharge 20.6 3 Total: 608 100 Belair Evaporation 98.8 49 Wetland Evapotranspiration 55.6 28 Deep Recharge 7.5 4 Outflow to East Crystal Lake 7.2 3 Outflow to Deforest Lake 31.4 16 Total: 201 100 Amory Evaporation 36.6 43 Wetland Evapotranspiration 0.9 1 Deep Recharge 3.9 5 Outflow to Deforest Lake 43.5 51 Total: 84.8 100 Deforest Evaporation 49.2 26 Wetland Evapotranspiration 5.8 3 Deep Recharge 4.6 2 Outflow to Lockhart-Smith Canal 133 69 Total: 193 100
Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Losses to East Crystal and Belair Lakes
Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Losses to Amory and Deforest Lakes
Calculated Mean Annual Residence Times in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Lake Volume1 (ac-ft) Annual Inflow (ac-ft/yr) Mean Detention Time (days) East Crystal 308 608 185 Belair 95.7 201 174 Amory 17.7 84.9 76 Deforest 62.2 193 118
Conceptual Schematic of Evaluated Nutrient Inputs and Losses for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Δ Storage Bulk Precipitation Runoff/ Baseflow Groundwater Seepage Outflow to Downstream Waterbodies Deep Groundwater Sedimentation Interconnected Lake Inflow Figure 5-1
East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Nutrient Budget Components
Estimated Mean Annual Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from Bulk Precipitation
Parameter Mass Loadings (kg/yr) East Crystal Lake Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake Total N 376 96.0 35.6 47.8 Total P 29.8 7.6 2.8 3.8 TSS 8,438 2,158 799 1,075
Locations of Inflow Monitoring Sites for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Brightview Pinelake Dr.
(East) Lakeview Dr. (East)
(West) Lakeview Dr. (West)
Figure 5-2
Overview of the Brightview Drive Monitoring Site
Monitoring Site
Brightview Drive Basin Overview Figure 5-3
Photograph of the Brightview Drive Monitoring Site
Brightview Drive Site
Pond Outfall Deforest Lake
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-4
Overview of the Lakeview Drive, Pinelake Drive, and West Crystal Drive Monitoring Sites
Pinelake Dr. Lakeview Dr. (East)
(East)
(West) Lakeview Dr. (West)
Figure 5-5
East Crystal Lake
Overview of the Lakeview Drive-East Monitoring Site
.
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-6 Lake View Dr. (East) Site
Monitoring Site
Overview of drainage basin characteristics
Lakeview Drive-East monitoring site
Overview of the Lakeview Drive-West Monitoring Site
Lakeview Drive looking west
Lakeview Drive-West monitoring site
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-7
Lake View Dr. (West) Site
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-7
Overview of Drainage Patterns at the Pinelake Drive Monitoring Site
Pinelake Drive looking north
Pinelake Drive looking south toward monitoring site
Figure 5-8
Pinelake Drive Site Figure 5-8
Overview of the Pinelake Drive Monitoring Site
Monitoring Site
Pinelake Drive Site Figure 5-9
Overview of the West Crystal Drive-East Monitoring Site
Drainage basin characteristics
Runoff monitoring site
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-10
(East) Site
Monitoring Site
Overview of the West Crystal Drive-West Monitoring Site
Drainage basin characteristics
Runoff monitoring site
.
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-11
(West) Site
Monitoring Site
Figure 5-11
Number of Samples Collected at Each Monitoring Site
Brightview (2) Pinelake Dr. (3)
East (2) Lakeview Dr. - East (3)
West (3)
Lakeview Dr. - West (2)
Figure 5-12
Number of Samples Collected at Each Monitoring Site
Parameter Units
Site
Brightview Drive Lakeview Drive-E Lakeview Drive-W Pinelake West Crystal Drive-E West Crystal Drive-W
pH s.u. 6.66 6.25 5.67 5.80 5.65 5.90 Alkalinity mg/l 53.8 38.4 5.8 13.2 7.4 12.2
mmho/cm 194 274 25 38 22 40 NH3-N mg/l 136 212 52 94 68 65 NOx-N mg/l 24 43 96 133 123 104
mg/l 113 433 125 167 114 134 Particulate N mg/l 739 367 125 265 562 372 Total N mg/l 1,046 1,147 403 692 872 774 SRP mg/l 10 25 44 66 72 78
mg/l 4 10 9 5 8 10 Particulate P mg/l 113 57 18 73 114 42 Total P mg/l 133 106 72 150 194 180 Turbidity NTU 17.8 2.9 4.3 9.1 11.5 6.0 Color Pt-Co 23 75 20 30 29 37 TSS mg/l 22.0 16.9 10.0 25.3 76.6 36.3
Isopleths of Mean Total Nitrogen Values in Groundwater Seepage Entering the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from September 2010- March 2012
800 1000 600 1200 1400 800 1400 800 1400 600 1600 1400 1800 600 1600 1000 1800 1400 600 800 1000 1200 600 1200 400 1200 1000 600 800 600 800 1800 400 800 1000 800 1000 800 1000 1200 1000 1000 800 1200 1600 1400600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Legend
Seepage Sites Total N Contours
Total N (µg/l)
High : 2000 Low : 300
Isopleths of Mean Total Phosphorus Values in Groundwater Seepage Entering the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from September 2010- March 2012
10 10 40 10 10 40 60 50 60 50 90 10 20 80 30 20 70 50 10 20 30 70 10 20 30 20 20 60 10 40 30600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Legend
Seepage Sites Total P Contours
Total P (µg/l)
High : 100 Low : 0
Isopleths of Mean Nitrogen Influx from Groundwater Seepage Entering the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from September 2010- March 2012
200 100 200 500 300 400 200 200 400 600 500 200 200 400 300 400 800 200 500 900 800 400 200 700 300 600 500 400 300 700 900 500 600 200 400 800 1000 100 600 900 100 500 300 200600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Legend
Seepage Sites Total N Flux Contours
TN Flux (µg/m^2-day)
High : 1100 Low : 0
Isopleths of Mean Phosphorus Influx from Groundwater Seepage Entering the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from September 2010- March 2012
25 10 15 15 15 10 20 5 20 10 15 20 10 15 20 10 10 25 40 30 35 15 5600 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 300 Feet
Legend
Seepage Sites Total P Flux Contours
TP Flux (µg/m^2-day)
High : 50 Low : 0
Locations for Collection
Sediment Core Samples in East Crystal Lake
Locations for Collection
Sediment Core Samples in Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes
Schematic of Sediment Incubation Apparatus
Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to East Crystal Lake
Parameter Source Total N Total P TSS kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Inputs Bulk Precipitation 376 14 29.8 37 8,438 81 Runoff 31.3 1 4.4 5 636 6 Overland Flow 84.1 3 11.3 14 1,317 13 Groundwater Seepage 29.1 1 0.5 1 Belair Inflow 7.1 < 1 0.1 < 1 22 < 1 Internal Recycling 2,188 81 34.7 43 Total: 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100 Losses Sediments 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100 Total: 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100
Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Belair Lake
Parameter Source Total N Total P TSS kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Inputs Bulk Precipitation 96.0 15 7.6 15 2,158 50 Runoff 49.2 8 7.3 14 933 22 Overland Flow 57.0 9 7.3 14 1,205 28 Groundwater Seepage 15.7 2 0.4 1 Internal Recycling 425 66 28.9 56 Total: 643 100 51.5 100 4,296 50 Losses Outflow to East Crystal 7.1 1 0.1 < 1 22 1 Outflow to Deforest 30.9 5 0.6 1 97 2 Sediments 605 94 50.8 99 4,177 97 Total: 643 100 51.5 100 4,296 100
Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Amory Lake
Parameter Source Total N Total P TSS kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Inputs Bulk Precipitation 35.6 8 2.8 6 799 19 Runoff 9.8 2 10.6 23 2,179 51 Overland Flow 28.7 7 6.2 13 1,263 30 Groundwater Seepage 7.7 2 0.2 < 1 Internal Recycling 359 81 27.0 58 Total: 440 100 46.9 100 4,242 100 Losses Outflow to Deforest 71.0 12 2.1 4 104 2 Sediments 369 88 44.8 96 4,138 98 Total: 440 100 46.9 100 4,242 100
Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Deforest Lake
Parameter Source Total N Total P TSS kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Inputs Bulk Precipitation 47.8 13 3.8 10 1,075 41 Runoff 41.4 11 5.1 14 904 34 Overland Flow 12.5 4 2.1 6 437 17 Belair Inflow 30.9 8 0.6 2 97 4 Amory Inflow 71.0 20 2.1 6 104 4 Groundwater Seepage 15.2 4 0.6 2 Internal Recycling 148 40 22.0 60 Total: 367 100 36.3 100 2,617 100 Losses Canal Outflow 140 38 4.1 11 481 18 Sediments 227 62 32.2 89 2,136 82 Total: 367 100 36.3 100 2,617 100
Comparison of Areal Nutrient Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Area (acres) Mass Loading (kg/yr) Areal Loading (g/m2-yr) Total N Total P Total N Total P East Crystal 92.8 2,715 80.8 7.2 0.22 Belair 23.73 643 51.5 6.7 0.54 Amory 8.79 440 46.9 12.4 1.32 Deforest 11.82 367 36.3 7.7 0.76
Permissible loading levels (Vollenweider, 1968) for lakes up to 15 m deep: 1. Phosphorus:
<0.1 g/m2-yr
>0.2 g/m2-yr
<1.5 g/m2-yr
>3.0 g/m2-yr
Summary of Mean Annual Percentages of Phosphorus Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Source Percentage of Annual Total Phosphorus Loadings (%) East Crystal Lake Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake Bulk Precipitation 37 15 6 11 Runoff 5 14 23 14 Overland Flow 14 14 13 6 Groundwater Seepage 1 1 < 1 2 Interconnected Lake Inflow < 1
Internal Recycling 43 56 58 61 TOTAL: 100 100 100 100
Stormwater runoff contributions of Total P to the East Crystal Chain-
With the exception of Amory, runoff contributes a relatively small percentage of the annual TP loadings to the Chain Stormwater management projects would be most appropriate for Amory Stormwater management for the remaining lakes may be feasible if the cost is low
Lake Total P Load (kg/yr) Percent of Total Loading (%) East Crystal 4.4 5 Belair 7.3 14 Amory 10.6 23 Deforest 5.1 14
Overview of Existing Stormwater Treatment Systems and Right-of-Way in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake
Legend
Basin Boundaries Lakes Dry Pond Wet Pond Stormwater Treatment Areas Dry Pond Wet Pond Dual Pond Right of Way
1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 500 Feet
Typical Drainage Patterns on the East Side of the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Basin
Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal basin
Overview of Right-of-Way Areas in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin with No Current Drainage Systems
Amory Lake Deforest Lake Belair Lake East Lake Crystal
Legend
Basin Boundaries Lakes Potential Swale RW 1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Roadway Areas Without Stormwater Conveyance Systems
Lake / Basin Street Name Roadway Length (ft) Amory Crystal Drive 432 Amory – Total: 432 Belair Caspian Court Crystal Drive Crystal View 41 830 280 Belair – Total: 1,152 Deforest Crystal Drive Forrest Drive Homewood Drive Lake Blvd. Orange Drive Sunset Drive Vinewood Drive 134 912 730 663 614 1,362 1,135 Deforest – Total: 5,550 East Crystal First Street Second Street Abbott Avenue Alma Avenue Country Club Road Crystal Drive Crystal View Floyd Avenue Frederick Avenue Goodheart Avenue Grand Bend Avenue Linda Lane 956 1,487 885 1,123 726 923 2,198 1,257 1,074 992 634 1,610 East Crystal – Total: 13,866 TOTAL: 21,000
Schematic of Proposed Swale System for a 50-ft Right-of- Way Section
Estimated Construction Costs for Recommended Roadside Swale Systems in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin
Lake Length of Roadway Without Swales (ft) Assumed Construction Cost ($/ft) Total Construction Cost ($) Amory 432 15 6,480 Belair 1,152 15 17,280 Deforest 5,550 15 83,250 East Crystal 13,866 15 207,990 Total: 21,000 $ 315,000
Schematic
Swale Blocks
Lake Total P Load (kg/yr) Percent of Total Loading (%) East Crystal 11.3 14 Belair 7.3 14 Amory 6.2 13 Deforest 2.1 6
Schematic of Recommended Rear Yard Swale and Berm Design
Residential backyard SHGT Swale Berm Lake Storage volume should meet WMD design criteria Overflow to lake
Alternative Seawall Design Used as Rear Yard Berm
Overview of Parcels Which Could Be Retrofitted with Berm and Swale Systems
Amory Lake Belair Lake Deforest Lake East Crystal Lake Legend
Basin Boundaries Lakes Berm Length Berm Parcels
1,000 1,000 2,000 500 Feet
Item East Crystal Lake Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake Number of Parcels 110 21 33 20 Length 18,271 ft 3,561 ft 4,126 ft 2,804 ft Construction Cost $ 20/ft $ 20/ft $ 20/ft $ 20/ft Total Cost $ 365,420 $ 71,220 $ 82,520 $ 56,080 Percent of Total Shoreline Treated 58% 48% 100% 98%
Item East Crystal Lake Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake 20-year Present Worth Cost $ 365,420 $ 71,220 $ 82,520 $ 56,080 Phosphorus Removal 5.2 kg/yr 104 kg over 20 years 2.8 kg/yr 56 kg over 20 years 5.0 kg/yr 100 kg over 20 years 1.7 kg/yr 34 kg over 20 years Phosphorus Removal Cost ($/kg TP removed) $ 3,514/kg $ 1,272/kg $ 825/kg $ 1,649/kg
Internal recycling contributes significant TP loadings to the Chain-of-Lakes Control of internal recycling can be achieved by dredging
Dredging is generally prohibitively expensive
Lake Total P Load (kg/yr) Percent of Total Loading (%) East Crystal 34.7 43 Belair 28.9 56 Amory 27.0 58 Deforest 22.0 60
Typical Equipment Used for Alum Surface Applications
Summary of Mean Areal and Water Column Doses of Alum for Sediment Inactivation and Control of Groundwater Seepage Inflows to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Item Units Belair Lake Amory Lake Deforest Lake
Sediment Inactivation gallons alum 17,560 6,563 4,031 Seepage Control1 gallons alum 360 176 541 Total Alum Required gallons alum 17,920 6,739 4,572 Mean Areal Dose g Al/m2 41.4 42.0 21.2 Mean Water Column Dose mg Al/liter 34 68 13.2 Estimated Cost $ 51,000 33,000 29,000
A wide range of shoreline characteristics are present in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes:
– Natural vegetated shoreline – Planted vegetation – Cleared and bare shorelines
Monitoring conducted by ERD has indicated that non- vegetated shorelines are susceptible to erosion and re- suspension of sediments, contributing to water quality degradation Shoreline vegetation provides many important functions, including:
– Erosion control – Diverse habitats which can improve water quality
Overland flow from rear yards contributes a large portion
Dedicated Conservation Areas on the West Sides of Deforest and Belair Lakes
Amory Lake Deforest Lake Belair Lake East Lake Crystal East Lake Crystal
Legend
Basin Boundaries Lakes Conservation Area 300 300 600 150 Feet
Shoreline Conditions in Southern Portions of East Crystal Lake
Buffer Areas
Shoreline Conditions in Northern Portions of East Crystal Lake
Buffer Areas Bare Shorelines
Shoreline Conditions in Northern Portions of Belair Lake
Buffer Areas Bare Shorelines
Shoreline Conditions in Southern Portions of Belair Lake
Conservation Easement
Shoreline Conditions in Amory Lake
Bare Shorelines
Shoreline Conditions on the West and South Sides of Amory Lake
Figure 7-16
Bare Shorelines
Shoreline Conditions in Deforest Lake
Conservation Easement Bare Shorelines
Figure 7-16
Current Seminole County code requires a permit before shoreline vegetation can be removed Regulations are outlined in Chapter 70 – Dredge and Filling of County Municipal Code However, several exemptions apply:
– Non-mechanical removal of undesirable aquatic or shoreline vegetation, provided that such removal does not affect the shoreline stability – Clearing of vegetation to create an access area or beach less than 25 feet in width
Recommend that vegetation be established in all non- exempt areas over a 5 year period
Vegetation control in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes has been conducted using mechanical, chemical, and biological means Vegetation management has been an on-going problem in Amory Lake
– Lake has been stocked with grass carp on several occasions
However, too many fish will remove all vegetation which will cause changes in lake clarity and chemistry Lakes will convert from a macrophyte dominated system to an algae dominated system
– Chlorophyll-a will increase, clarity will decrease, and muck accumulation will increase
Lake Area (acres) Target Control Stocking Rate (fish/acre)
4/15/85 270 Hydrilla 31 1/22/99 30 Hydrilla 3.4
Photographs of the Amory Lake Vegetation Removal Project
Growth of dense vegetation in Amory Lake Mechanical removal equipment Conditions following vegetation removal
Improper landscape maintenance activities have a potential for significant impacts to adjacent waterbodies:
– Blowing grass clippings, leaves and other vegetation
– Improper application of fertilizers/pesticides
Instances of improper landscaping activities were observed by ERD during this project Discharge of grass clippings and other landscaping wastes onto roadway surfaces or into stormsewers is a senseless and irresponsible practice
A strict ordinance should be developed which prohibits discharge of landscaping wastes onto paved surfaces and imposes fines
– Repeat violations of this ordinance would result in loss of license to perform landscaping in Seminole County
Seminole County in currently in the process of adopting a fertilizer ordinance that will address this issue
activities and water pollution
Recommended Management Options for East Crystal Lake
Issue Recommendation Treatment of Stormwater Inputs Construct swale drainage systems in areas without existing stormwater conveyance systems Install swale blocks where possible to retain runoff in the watershed Rear Yard Berms and Swales Construct berms and swales along all developed shoreline areas
Vegetated Shorelines Require establishment of natural shoreline vegetation in all non- exempt shoreline areas within 3-5 years Lawn Maintenance Activities Enforce guidelines in new Fertilizer Rule Public Education Continue the existing comprehensive public education program to inform residents of link between watershed activities and water quality Vegetation Management Manage growth of aquatic vegetation in the lake by removing exotic and nuisance vegetation on a periodic basis
Recommended Management Options for Belair Lake
Issue Recommendation Treatment of Stormwater Inputs Construct swale drainage systems in areas without existing stormwater conveyance systems Install swale blocks where possible to retain runoff in the watershed Rear Yard Berms and Swales Construct berms and swales along all developed shoreline areas Vegetated Shorelines Require establishment of natural shoreline vegetation in all non- exempt shoreline areas within 3-5 years Re-establish the permitted conservation areas along the west shoreline, where missing Internal Recycling/ Groundwater Seepage Inputs Conduct a whole-lake alum treatment to control internal recycling and remove phosphorus from seepage inflows Lawn Maintenance Activities Enforce guidelines in new Fertilizer Rule Public Education Continue the existing comprehensive public education program regarding link between watershed activities and water quality Vegetation Management Manage growth of aquatic vegetation in the lake by removing exotic and nuisance vegetation on a periodic basis
Recommended Management Options for Amory Lake
Issue Recommendation Treatment of Stormwater Inputs Construct swale drainage systems in areas without existing stormwater conveyance systems Install swale blocks where possible to retain runoff in the watershed Rear Yard Berms and Swales Construct berms and swales along all developed shoreline areas of Amory Lake Vegetated Shorelines Require establishment of natural shoreline vegetation in all non-exempt shoreline areas within 3-5 years Establish buffer area between golf course and lake Internal Recycling/ Groundwater Seepage Inputs Conduct a whole-lake alum treatment to control internal recycling and remove phosphorus from seepage inflows Lawn Maintenance Activities Enforce guidelines in new Fertilizer Rule Public Education Continue the existing comprehensive public education program to inform residents of link between watershed activities and water quality Vegetation Management Manage growth of aquatic vegetation in the lake by removing exotic and nuisance vegetation on a periodic basis
Recommended Management Options for Deforest Lake
Issue Recommendation Treatment of Stormwater Inputs Construct swale drainage systems in areas without existing stormwater conveyance systems Install swale blocks where possible to retain runoff in the watershed Rear Yard Berms and Swales Construct berms and swales along all developed shoreline areas of Deforest Lake Vegetated Shorelines Require establishment of natural shoreline vegetation in all non-exempt shoreline areas within 3-5 years Re-establish the permitted conservation areas along the west shoreline, where missing Internal Recycling / Groundwater Seepage Inputs Conduct a whole-lake alum treatment to control internal recycling and remove phosphorus from seepage inflows Lawn Maintenance Activities Enforce guidelines in new Fertilizer Rule Vegetation Management Manage growth of aquatic vegetation in the lake by removing exotic and nuisance vegetation on a periodic basis Outfall Monitoring Conduct continuous monitoring of flow and water quality characteristics during outfall discharge events to quantify mass loadings to Lockhart-Smith Canal
Summary of Available Historical Water Quality Data for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes
Lake Agency Station I.D. Collection Dates Monitoring Frequency Number
Events Amory LAKEWATCH Amory-1 Amory-2 Amory-3 Amory 6/05-11/08 6/05-11/08 6/05-3/10 6/07-1/10 2-11 events/year 2-11 events/year 2-11 events/year 1-3 events/year 23 23 38 7 Seminole County AMO 2/00-7/13 2-5 events/year 34 FDEP 27140 7/19/05 1 event 1 Belair LAKEWATCH Belair-1 Belair-2 Belair-3 2/00-11/05 2/00-11/05 2/00-11/05 Variable Variable Variable 6 6 6 Deforest LAKEWATCH Deforest-1 Deforest-2 Deforest-3 10/96-1/03 10/96-1/03 10/96-1/03 Variable Variable Variable 9 9 9 Seminole County CL02 9/97-7/13 9/97-9/98: monthly 2/99-7/13: quarterly 67 East Crystal LAKEWATCH EC-1 EC-2 EC-3 8/91-8/05 8/91-8/05 8/91-8/05 Mostly monthly Mostly monthly Mostly monthly 107 107 107 Seminole County CL03 9/97-7/13 9/97-9/98: monthly 2/99-7/13: quarterly 67 FDEP 20010240 3/07 1 event 1 Lockhart-Smith Canal Seminole County CL01 9/97-3/07 3 41