How can Afr frica move fr from policy pronouncements and national - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

How can Afr frica move fr from policy pronouncements and national agriculture food security and in investment pla lans (N (NAFSIPs) to deli liver on food and nutr trition security?

FANRPAN Regional Multi-stakeholder Food & Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue,

Durban 15-17 August 2017 Namukolo Covic (PhD), IFPRI, CGIAR Research Programme on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health

Key focal points for pronouncements and policy instruments for Africa

• 1. Maputo declaration 2003, CAADP framework and related processes
• 2. Malabo declarations 2014
• 3. Africa Regional Nutrition Strategies: Continental, SADC, ECOWAS, East

African Region

• 4. The Scaling-Up-Nutrition (SUN) Movement
• 5. Agenda 2063

Key messages

1. The “pronouncements” are continental and national policy instruments which present

• pportunities for collaborative and coordinated efforts and should be leveraged more

effectively. 2. There are positive signs of progress associated with CAADP and SUN processes as major focus areas but there are challenges that need to be addressed to accelerate progress. 3. There is an observable mismatch between the increased production and productivity and reductions in chronic malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. 4. Africa has many challenges but is not lacking initiatives. Better focus and coordination is needed to get the most out of the many initiatives; needed capacities must be addressed. 5. A deliberate food systems approach is needed at national, regional, and continental levels to address the different challenges faced more holistically and for sustained progress. 6. Individual attitudes and orientations are critical to the needed transformation of action.

Presentation framed around the three FANRPAN strategic goals

1. Transformed African agriculture and food systems through the development and implementation of evidence based policy 2. Adequate, safe and nutritious food for Africa 3. Climate change resilient and resource sustainable food systems in Africa. With the following goals

• To describe the big picture of where we are on the policy to implementation

continuum for CAADP and SUN

• To describe some of the key challenges being faced to suggest possible areas

that need attention to accelerate progress

• To provoke your thoughts on areas of contention

Adapted from Gillespie et al. 2012 and Headey et al 2012 Food prices Food consumption Food expenditure Non-food expenditure Nutrient intake Child nutrition

• utcomes

Household assets and livelihoods Health status Mother’s nutrition

• utcomes

Health care expenditure Female employment / resources National nutrition

• utcomes

Income (agricultural and non-agricultural) Caring capacity & practices Female energy expenditure Food production Nutrition knowledge National economic growth

Pathways from agriculture to nutrition

FANRPAN SG SG1: : Transformed Afr

frican agriculture and food systems th through th the development and im implementation of f evid vidence based policy

Agriculture/CAADP: contextualized to countries

• Compacts  NAFSIPs  Mainstreaming nutrition  CAADP results framework
• Joint sector reviews (ReSAKSS, Regional SAKSS, Country level SAKSS)
• Current: Appraisal process for improvement towards 2nd Generation NAFSIPs
• Current: CAADP Biennial Review

SUN: contextualized to countries

• Policies  Strategies  implementation plans  to district levels
• Coordination bodies
• Common results frameworks
• SUN-Academic Platform or equivalent M&E arrangements; Capacity?

The policy environment is rich

Multisectoral action Multisectoral action

Common challenges to CAADP and SUN

FANRPAN SG1: Transformed African agriculture and food systems through the development and implementation of evidence based policy

• Inadequate budget allocations (GAFSP and SUN funds)
• Many initiatives but inadequate quality of coordination and collaborative engagement
• Need to align the different initiatives
• How to mainstream nutrition in practical terms across relevant sectors is a challenge
• Incoherence of policy and support frameworks
• Manage polarities: Market development and protectionism
• Manage polarities: increasing monoculture, intensification, export focus vs and diet

diversification

• Capacity: Institutional, infrastructural and individual functional capacity
• Capacity: Current FAO recommendations & online training modules on increasing the

nutrition sensitivity of agriculture; develop a better understanding of context specific

• pportunities and challenges

FANRPAN SG SG2: : Adequate, safe and nutritious food for Africa

Agriculture/CAADP:

• Productivity has improved associated with progress in CAADP
• Focus on key commodities limits diversification
• Market development is a key focus area but not at local level
• Efforts to promoting agricultural trade within the continent especially RECs

SUN:

• Advocating for diet diversification; households not able to act on knowledge of better nutrition
• Biofortification identified as a key strategy
• Inadequate information on drivers of dietary change
• Need to address contextual factors that affect diet quality including cultural practices

Where we are

Common challenges to CAADP and SUN

FANRPAN SG2: Adequate, safe and nutritious food for AfricaFood safety issues

• Post harvest loss: indicators are a challenge
• Poor market development
• Prices of nutrient dense foods are prohibitive
• Food safety challenges: Mycotoxins, food spoilage, zoonotic diseases, water quality

deliberate adulteration of food products

• Political sensitivities doing away with candid reporting
• Weak regulatory environment & standards
• Attention to regional coordination is needed
• Biofortification: Move from proof of concept to scale; standards are important
• Need to pay attention to underutilized crops

FANRPAN SG SG3: : Climate change resilient and resource sustainable food systems in Africa.

Agriculture/CAADP results framework outcome areas:

• Resilience to climate variability
• Social protection focused on vulnerable social groups to increase agricultural productivity
• Establishment of national food reserves

SUN:

• Social protection
• Targeted interventions; unhelpful institutional arrangements
• Relief food supplies highly donor dependent
• Common results frameworks

Where we are

Common challenges to CAADP and SUN

FANRPAN SG3: Climate change resilient and resource sustainable food systems in Africa

• Unsustainable funding mechanisms for expectations raised
• Lack of resilience to shocks and high dependence on development partners
• Weak regulatory environment & standards
• Attention to regional coordination and cross boarder contextualization is needed
• Manage polarities: Agricultural intensification vs long term climate resilience
• Inadequate attention to underutilized crops that would impact both climate resilience

and nutrition

• Water management important even across boarders
• Political sensitivities doing away with candid reporting
• Manage polarities: Foreign investment promotion vs long term national needs
• Not all investments are good for us!

What does all this mean in terms of what needs to be done?

POLICIES CULTURE WEALTH EQUITY ENVIRON

• MENT

PRODUCERS FOOD CHAIN ACTORS CONSUMERS

Sufficient, Diverse

HEALTHY DIETS

Food Systems for Healthier Diets Framework

A4NH, FSHD, 2016

Optimal food security, diets, nutrition, health

We must ALL constantly ask: How can we get there?

Key leadership capacity elements: to navigate the complexity

Communication

Persuasion Negotiation

Building alliances

Strategic thinking

Evidence framing

Key messages

1. The “pronouncements” are continental and national policy instruments which present

• pportunities for collaborative and coordinated efforts and should be leveraged more

effectively. 2. There are positive signs of progress associated with CAADP and SUN processes as major focus areas but there are challenges that need to be addressed to accelerate progress. 3. There is an observable mismatch between the increased production and productivity and reductions in chronic malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. 4. Africa has many challenges but not lacking initiatives. Better focus and coordination is needed to get the most out of the many initiatives; needed capacities must be addressed 5. A deliberate food systems approach is needed at national, regional, and continental levels to address the different challenges faced more holistically and for sustained progress. 6. Individual attitudes and orientations are critical to the needed transformation of action

http://cdm15738.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll2/id/130756

Thank you

Namukolo Covic n.covic@cgiar.org