Health Atlas and the Community Health and Equity Index: An - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Health Atlas and the Community Health and Equity Index:

An Examination of Health Conditions in the City of Los Angeles

Presented by Eric Yurkovich, Raimi + Associates March 13, 2014

Purpose

 Spatial analysis that is a snapshot of the City today  Identify locational disparities in:

 Health problems  Environmental conditions  Socio-economics

 Point us to targeted outreach and policy

development

Health Element and Atlas Topics

Demographics Socio-economics Education Health and healthcare Land use and employment Transportation Food systems Crime Housing Environmental health

Health Framework

Source: Social Determinants of Health: How Social and Economic Factors Affect Health, LA County Public Health Department

Metrics – Health & Socio-Economic

Health

 Life Expectancy at Birth  Percent Childhood Obesity  Rate of Heart Disease Deaths

per 100,000 Residents

 Rate of Heart Attacks in

Population 45 and Over per 10,000 Residents

 Rate of Asthma-Related

Emergency Department Visits in Population 17 and Under per 10,000

 Percent Very Low [<1,500g] and

Low Birth Weight Rate [1,500g to 2,500g]

 Rate of Respiratory Disease

Deaths per 100,000 Residents Socio-Economic / Housing / Education – Hardship Index

 Percentage of Housing Units with

More than 1 Person per Room

 Percentage of Population with

Income Less than the Federal Poverty Level

 Percentage of Unemployed

Workers Age 16 and Over

 Percentage of Population Over

25 That Did Not Graduate High School

 Percentage of Population Over

Age 65; & Percentage of Population Under Age 18

 Median Household Income

Metrics – Land Use and Community Character

Walkability Index

 Housing Units per Acre of

Residential Land

 Intersections per Square Mile  Composite score of six land

use categories [SF, MF, retail,

• ffice, education,

entertainment]

 Retail Building Square Feet

per Acre of Retail Land Complete Communities Index

 Food Retail (Supermarket,

• ther food store)

 Services (Bank, Gym,

Restaurant)

 Community Serving Retail

((Clothing store, convenience store, hardware store, pharmacy, other retail)

 Community and Civic Facilities

(Number of Libraries, Community Centers, Churches, Senior Centers, etc.)

Metrics – Transportation, Environmental Health, Crime and Food Systems

Transportation

 Percentage of Workers

Walking and Biking to Work

 Total Daily Boardings at

Metro Transit Stops

 Linear Miles of Class I and

II Bicycle Facilities

 Bus Stops with Transit

Frequencies Less than 15 Minutes during the Peak Periods

 Motor Vehicle Crashes

with Pedestrians/Cyclists per 10,000 Residents Additional Metrics

 Pollution Burden Score

(CalEnviroScreen)

 mRFEI (Ratio of Healthy to

Unhealthy Food Retailers

 Rate of Violent and

Property Crime per 10,000 Residents

Health Variables

Key Issues related to the Health Variables

 Data accessibility  Geographic scale  Issues addressed in

the Health Element of the General Plan

Health

 Life Expectancy at Birth  Percent Childhood Obesity  Rate of Heart Disease Deaths

per 100,000 Residents

 Rate of Heart Attacks in

Population 45 and Over per 10,000 Residents

 Rate of Asthma-Related

Emergency Department Visits in Population 17 and Under per 10,000

 Percent Very Low [<1,500g] and

Low Birth Weight Rate [1,500g to 2,500g]

 Rate of Respiratory Disease

Deaths per 100,000 Residents

Community Health and Equity Index Weighting

Hardship Index (Standardized Index Score for Overcrowding, Poverty, Employment Status, Educational

Attainment, Age Dependency, and Income)

Demographic, Socio-- economics, Housing, and Education 35

Life Expectancy at Birth

Health 15

Health Outcomes (Respiratory Disease, Heart Disease, Heart Attacks, Asthma, Low Birth Weight)

Health 10

Walkability Index (Standardized Index Score for Housing Density, Retail Density, Street Connectivity,

and Land Use Mix)

Land Use 5

Complete Communities Index (Index Score of the Diversity of Amenities and Establishments)

Land Use 2.5

Multi-Modal Transportation Index (Walk and Bike Commuting, Transit Ridership, Street

Connectivity, Bicycle Facilities, High-Frequency Transit Service, Collisions with Bicyclists and Pedestrians)

Transportation 7.5

Modified Retail Food Environment Index (Index Score of the Ratio of Healthy to Unhealthy

Food Retailers)

Food 10

Crime Rate Index (Rate of Violent and Property Crime per 10,000 Residents)

Crime 7.5

Pollution Burden Index (Index Score for Pollution Exposure and Environmental Effects)

Environmental Health 7.5

Subtotal: Demographic, Economic, Housing, and Education Indicators

35

Subtotal: Health

25

Subtotal: Land Use

7.5

Subtotal: Transportation

7.5

Subtotal: Food

10

Subtotal: Crime

7.5

Subtotal: Environmental Health

7.5

Community Health and Equity Index

Community Health and Equity Index – Top Quintile

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index

Community Health and Equity Index – Unweighted Version Community Health and Equity Index – Unweighted Version

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index

Community Health and Equity Index – Excluding Health Variables Community Health and Equity Index – Excluding Health Variables

Discussion / Additional Maps

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index Economic Hardship Index Economic Hardship Index

Economic Hardship Index Economic Hardship Index

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index Life Expectancy at Birth Life Expectancy at Birth

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index

Modified Retail Food Environment Index Modified Retail Food Environment Index

Community Health and Equity Index Community Health and Equity Index

CalEnviroScreen Pollution Burden Score CalEnviroScreen Pollution Burden Score

Discussion