H ANDWRITING From an OT Perspective Presented by Jae-ellen Fowler - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
H ANDWRITING From an OT Perspective Presented by Jae-ellen Fowler & Alice Turner (4 th Year Occupational Therapy Students; University of the Sunshine Coast) W HAT IS O CCUPATIONAL THERAPY (OT)? Professionals that are focussed on the
From an OT Perspective Presented by Jae-ellen Fowler & Alice Turner (4th Year Occupational Therapy Students; University of the Sunshine Coast)
¢ Professionals that are focussed on the activities
that occupy people’s time
Sleeping Dressing Work Driving, School, etc.
¢ Pencil Grasp ¢ Visual Motor Integration
HANDWRITING When is it used?
Drawing Colouring in Writing your name Forming letters Forming words to then form sentences and stories Forming numbers Forming calculations Completing assignments Completing exams
¢ Complex process requiring; Memory retrieval Organisation Problem solving Language and reading ability Ideation Ability to perform motor patterns to create shapes
A child’s developmental progression:
“Interpreting visual information and coordinating it with motor output to replicate what is seen” A child’s ability to see the drawn letter and be able to recreate it with the correct motor patterns
¢ Developmental Progression
¢ Tracing On paper In salt (e.g. salt tray) In sand In soap foam or shaving cream In paint On the blackboard or whiteboard On the pavement using wet brushes or chalk Using bath crayons
¢ Templates Stencils of letters, shapes or numbers
¢ Race Tracks On the whiteboard With chalk With felt
Tripod Grasp Quadrupod Grasp Adaptive Tripod Grasp
Five Finger Grasp Cross Thumb Grasp Tripod Grasp with Closed Web Space
Dexterity Stability Feedback
Purpose of handwriting?
Palmar Grasp Pronated Grasp
¢ Developmental Progression
PENCIL GRASP
¢ Play games that use the same fine motor
components of pencil grasp (finger isolation, in hand manipulation, joint dissociation, strength, and endurance) eg: Play- doh, clay, lego, jumping frogs, threading, marbles, peg games, chopsticks ect.
PENCIL GRASP
GRASP
¢ Pencil-Paper Warm Ups
¢ http://iusd.org/eclc/documents/
04ECLCNewsletterMar-Apr.pdf
¢ http://www.nha-handwriting.org.uk/ ¢ http://therapyfunzone.com/blog/ot/fine-motor-
skills/handwriting/
Any questions?
¢ Beery, K. E. & Beery, N. A. Beery-Buktenica
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration.
¢ Greber, C. Enhancing Handwriting Success:
Strategies for the Classroom.
¢ Case-Smith, J. & O-Brien, J. C. Occupational
Therapy for Children.
¢ Early Childhood Learning Centre: OT/PT
Newsletter; Activities to promote visual motor integration; http://iusd.org/eclc/documents/ 04ECLCNewsletterMar-Apr.pdf
HANDWRITING
Development of Prewriting and Handwriting in Young Children
Drawings Age Level
Scribbles on Paper 10 – 12 months Imitates horizontal, vertical and circular marks on paper 2 years Copies a vertical line, horizontal line and circle 3 years Copies a cross, right oblique line, square, left diagonal line, left oblique cross, some letters and numerals, and may be able to write own name 4 – 5 years Copies a triangle, prints own name, copies most lowercase and uppercase letters 5 – 6 years
¢ Open Square and Circle
From the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. A common OT tool to assess handwriting, specifically VMI.
¢ Right Oblique ¢ Cross ¢ Square
¢ Triangle