Green Better Lowering management carbon growth of natural - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
H OW TO UNDERMINE IDEAS OF G REEN GROWTH : C ASE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN THE C ZECH R EPUBLIC Jan Vvra Department of Regional Management Faculty of Economics University of South Bohemia INPROFORUM 2014, November 6-7, 2014,
INPROFORUM 2014, November 6-7, 2014, University of South Bohemia
Concept of green growth Methods and research questions Legal framework for PV PV boom Problematic consequences
www.solarninovinky.cz
http://www.visionnoblesville.com/pillars/growth/
Reaction to the economic recession How to kickstart the economy in a more eco-friendly
Concepts of green growth/economy, Green New Deal UNEP, OECD, World Bank, EU – specific concept
Different details, but similar goals and main ideas
Fostering economic growth Decreasing of
Lowering carbon dependency Lowering inequality and decrease poverty Renewable sources of energy Lower env. pollution Better management
resources Resource and energy efficiency
Fostering economic growth Decreasing of
Lowering carbon dependency Lowering inequality and decrease poverty Renewable sources of energy Lower env. pollution Better management
resources Resource and energy efficiency
Methods
Desk study research, data analysis and literature review
Primary sources (legislative documents, governmental
Secondary literature (research papers and analyses)
Research questions
What was the legal and financial framework for the
How did the production of solar electricity increase? How were the rules applied? What are the consequences of the implementation of PV
EU 2001/77/EC Directive
On the Promotion of Electricity Produced from
Indicative target of 12 % of gross domestic energy
Czech Republic 180/2005 Act
On Promotion of Use of Renewable Sources Indicative target of 8 % gross electricity consumption
Guaranteed feed-in tariff or “green bonus”
Focus of this paper is on feed-in tariffs
15 years period of guaranteed feed-in tariffs to reach
Energy Regulatory Office is allowed to lower the feed-
High feed-in tarrifs for PV power stations to reflect
15 565 CZK in 2006, wind turbines 2 965 CZK, small hydro
Fall of investment costs of PV in 2007–2009
5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 MWh
Coal Natural gas Nuclear Hydroelectric Wind Solar
Source: ERÚ (2014).
In 2009 Energy Regulatory Office warned Parliament
No changes of legislation New legislation in 2010
Feed-in tariffs lower by more than 5 % for the power
Feed-in tariffs only for the small on-roof (or wall) power
New 26 % tax on electricity produced by solar power
100 200 300 400 500 600 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Euro/MWh Czech Republic Germany
Note: Mean of various feed-in tariffs. Source: Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft (2008), Fulton & Mellquist (2008), ERÚ (2013).
1 000 000 2 000 000 3 000 000 4 000 000 5 000 000 6 000 000 7 000 000 8 000 000 9 000 000 10 000 000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 MWh
Hydroelectricity Wind Biological Solar
Source: ERÚ (2014).
Costs for government, industry and households Legal actions again the state due to the retroactivity of legislation Low cost-efficiency of the climate change mitigation
Source: Radziwill (2012).
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Solar Geothermal Biogas Biomass Wind Water €/tonne of CO2-eq
Abatement costs of greenhouse gases through renewable sources of energy
Criminal context of the PV industry
Prosecution, lobbyism , problematic role of some Energy
Loss of trust
Business-government Public-Government Public-Business
Discrediting of renewables and ideas of green
From both parts of political arena (left-right)
Former Minster of Industry Martin Kuba, president Miloš