Forest Carbon Partnership Facility Argentina ER-PIN Emissions - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility

Argentina ER-PIN Emissions Reductions in Subtropical Forests

Thirteenth Meeting of the Carbon Fund (CF13) Brussels October 13-16, 2015

Argentina ER-PIN ER Program Idea Background/Context

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280 million ha Forests 30 million ha

Forest Cover 11%

Emissions from Deforestation

109,8 million tCO2e

Annual Deforestation Rate

1,02%

Argentina ER-PIN Program highlights

Pre-investment of national budget funds provided by the Forest Law and WB Forest and Communities project Exceptional non-carbon benefits Chaco and Misiones provinces, totaling 12.94 million ha, are separated by a non-forest area Program Forest area covering 6 million ha, 20% of the forests at the national level. Average annual emissions in the project area of 13.10 million tCO2e Total emission reductions to achieve 27.425 million tCO2e The most significant national emission reduction program to date, including all sectors. The Program is designed as a pilot for the national scale and forms part of an integrated approach toward a wider goal. The Argentinian gov’t is committed to reducing its emission from deforestation as part of its climate action plan and INDCs.

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Argentina ER-PIN Scale

• Subnational approach including two provinces, Misiones and Chaco, covering 6 million ha of

forests, some 20% of the country forests.

• The area includes the most important forest ecosystems in the country
• Average annual deforestation in the area is 45 thousand hectares, around one quarter of the

country average in the last decade.

• Approximately 25% of national total emissions from deforestation in the last decade.

Chaco Misiones

Annual average deforestatio n (ha/yr) 36,656 9,307

Forest at the

beginning

• f the

period (ha) 4.94 M 1.21 M Average annual deforestatio n rate 0.74% 0.76%

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Argentina ER-PIN Country progress towards Readiness

Component Present Status 2015 Goals 2016 Goals

Reference Level

Gather and analyze historical information

• 1st draft based on historical data

submitted to UNFCCC

• Adjust and refine the

reference level

National System of Forest Monitoring

• Monitoring of forest cover

and forest inventory

• Forest degradation protocol
• Establishment of the GHG

Inventory Unit

• Institutionalization of MRV

Safeguards

• SESA work plan validated
• Analysis of risks and legal

and institutional framework

• Preliminary definition of

methodological guidelines for the ESMF.

• Preliminary guidelines for SIS
• Establishment of an expert

group on safeguards

• Pilot Grievance Mechanism

established

• Preliminary guidelines for ESMF
• Assessment of land tenure and

resource rights

• SIS established
• SESA finalized
• ESMF established
• Grievance mechanism

established

National Strategy

Strategic guidelines and studies defined Technical inputs and studies finalized Strategic options established Evaluation of financial instruments begun Financial mechanism options formulated Pilot financial mechanism for benefit distribution Public information platform established Establishment of REDD+ registry Public information platform finalized

ERPD and final version of Readiness Package expected in October 2017.

Argentina ER-PIN Political commitment

Intersectoral institutional agreement between Environment (SAyDS) and Agriculture (MINAGRI).

Economy and Finance Ministry Involvement in the Executive Committee

Foundations of the Forest Monitoring National System established and working Upfront investment provided by Forest Law and the Forest and Communities WB Project

39 workshops, 945 participants More than 100 Civil Society and IP organizations

Legal framework and protocol for access to environmental public information Agreement on Participation and consultation protocol for Indigenous Peoples

A multi-stakeholder Advisory Committee has been established

USD327M investment (2010- 2014). Incorporated into National Budget. Recently passed Forest Law

• bligates minimum % of

national budget and export taxes for forest conservation and restoration 2.497 conservation and sustainable forest management plans 5 million ha $15.5 million invested in target area forests 2009-2014; another $15 million annually expected from loans and national and provincial programs

Forest Law: National Investment Fund Participation and consultation Institutional Agreements

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Argentina ER-PIN Drivers and proposed program activities

STATE Drivers Underlying causes Strategic

• ptions

Actions at the national level MISIONES

Tobacco growing Cattle raising Illegal logging Poor forest practices, Unsustainable land uses, Lack of incentives, Rural immigration

• Incentives for

sustainable agricultura

• Promoting intensive

production practices

• Forest conservation

incentives

• Land use regulation/

zoning

• Elimination of

perverse/ deforestation incentives Strengthening Forest Law application, Strengthening the Forest Investment Fund, Implementation of an early warning system for deforestation (field and

• nline satellite

technology), Coordination with Ministry of Agriculture and provincial agricultural agencies.

CHACO

Soy cultivation Cattle raising Weak governance, Tenure problems, Demand for agriculture land, International markets

• Based on changes in forest cover; degradation not included

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Argentina ER-PIN Reference Level

Period Deforestation (ha) Chaco Misiones 2002-2006 127492 62412 2006-2011 168590 34335 2011-2013 107144 5614 Total 403,226 102,361 Annual avg. 36,656 9,306 Prov. Ann. deforn. (ha/y) Abovegrd biomass (T/ha) Biomass:C conversion Emissions factor (T C/ha) C to CO2e Annual Total (MT CO2e/y) Chaco 36,656 129 0.5 64.5 3.67 8.68 Misiones 9,306 259 0.5 129.5 3.67 4.42 Total 45,962 13.10

• Avg. emission reductions (ER): 5.48 MTCO2e/yr (48%)
• Avg. ER offered to CF: 65% (50% of Misiones ER, 85% of Chaco ER)

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Argentina ER-PIN Emission Reductions Generated

Province Ann. Deforn. 2002- 2012 (ha) Annual emissions (MTCO2e/y) Emission reduction (%) 5 yr ER 2018-2022 (M TCO2e) 10 yr ER 2018-2028 (M TCO2e) ER offered to CF (MTCO2e/5y)

Chaco 36,656 8.68 25% 10.85 21.7 9.22 Misiones 9,306 4.42 75% 16.575 33.15 8.29 Total 45,962 13.10 27.425 54.85 17.51

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Argentina ER-PIN Non-carbon benefits

Non-carbon benefit Potential indicator Environmental Biodiversity and viable populations Ecosystem services

* Deforestation and forest degradation

* Habitat fragmentation * Increase of Protected Natural Areas * Indicator species (e.g. Yaguareté - Panthera onca) Hydrological cycle Erosion/floods reduced * Water Quality: Sediment load in major watercourses; agrochemical and bacterial pollution in runoff. * Number and severity of floods / mudslides Social Improved quality of life

• f local populations

* Income of communities * Access to basic services * Human Development Index, * % population under the poverty line Governance * Area of illegal deforestation * Full implementation of the Forest Fund as provided by Forest Law 26.331: Forest Fund resources accessed by the program provinces * Forest Law offenders data base implemented

Misiones

• Strong possibility to achieve zero net deforestation due to government

leadership, ambitious goals, and buy-in by local population

• Unique and highly threatened forest
• Opportunity to extend results to Paraguay and Brazil

Chaco

• High learning value for confronting export commodities via public-

private sector alliances

• Opportunity to extend results to second largest forest formation in

South America Together

• Inter-provincial diversity provides learning opportunities related to

diverse REDD+ interventions under a federal government system

• Marshalling of cross-sectoral involvement, financial commitment, and

the early involvement of key actors on large (country-sized) scale

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Argentina ER-PIN Diversity and learning value

Jurisdiction selection? Chaco and Misiones provinces, totaling 12.94 million ha, are separated by a non-forest area. They are complementary in that Misiones “balances” Chaco in terms of risk and institutional preparation and presents the opportunity for an early victory. Concentration on the Chaco eco- region is equivalent to a national program and is too large and complicated. Expectations of improved governance? A principal objective of the ER-PD is to improve the targeting, efficiency, transparency and monitoring of forest conservation incentives. Are MTR and RPP time lines realistic? The technical work of Readiness funded by UNREDD+ is advancing despite delays in the signing of the FCPF grant agreement. REDD+ consultation and ER Program involvement? All entities mentioned in section 1.2 have been involved in REDD+ consultations and key personal of the institutions have been consulted re: ERP. Participation of cattle, soybean, and forestry representatives in the CAR? All are represented and it is hoped that their representation will increase. Start-up funding gaps? Potential sources are public or international funds. Estimates presented are conservative and more funds may be available depending on how program funding and loans are apportioned among provinces.

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Argentina ER-PIN Questions and Answers

Adjust RL to 2012? Calculations of emission reductions, based on annual averages, to 2012 instead of 2013 would have a negligible effect (0.6%) on emissions (0.09 MT CO2e). Basis of forest inventories? Inventory included 2000 field samples. Permanent plots will be established during the next inventory. International cooperation to avoid cross-border leakage? Bi-national collaboration on trans- frontier forests exists with Paraguay and Brazil. Are emission reductions differentiated and disaggregated by province feasible? Yes. Monitoring and benefit distribution will distinguish between provinces. Disaggregation is necessary due to different conditions in each province and the federal system of government. Why offer different % reductions for each province? Quantities of emission reductions

• ffered from each province are similar (8-9 MT CO2e/5 yr).

Administration of GRM? Strongest candidates are public ombudsman office´s at provincial or national levels. An institutional evaluation will be carried out. Usufruct rights of forests include C? These rights include ecosystem services, including C. Can a national registry serve as a transactional registry? Yes, but with certain modifications.

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Argentina ER-PIN Questions and Answers