Final Project Presentation 30 & 31 August 2016 | Cork, Ireland Wave Dragon Seaweed Energy Solutions Wave Energy and Offshore Aquaculture in Wales, UK A MUS example: combined wave energy converters with a seaweed producing farm – utilizing the calm water behind the Wave Dragon Consortium Description Company Profiles • The consortium will be composed of two companies: • Wave Dragon is a private Danish/UK based company working towards Wave Dragon the commercialisation of wave energy converter (WEC) technology to Seaweed Energy Solutions (SES) extract electricity directly from ocean waves. • Seaweed Energy Solutions (SES) is a Norway-based seaweed • The independent organisation, Bellona Foundation will also innovation and business development company. be involved. • Bellona Foundation is an independent non-profit organization that aims to mitigate against challenges of climate change through identifying and implementing sustainable environmental solutions.
SES Pilot 2014/15: 100 tons The Wave Dragon technology Frank Neumann, Technology and Cultivation Hans Christian Soerensen, PhD, Chairman of the board Erik Friis-Madsen, MSc, CEO • Flexible system with 16 LLs; 200m each • Innovative substrates; industrial hatchery 6 The Wave Dragon Principle AN OCEAN OF OPPORTUNITIES Wave climate - Power - Production__ 12 kW/m 1.5 MW 4 GWh/y/unit 24 kW/m 4 MW 12 GWh/y/unit 36 kW/m 7 MW 20 GWh/y/unit 48 kW/m 12 MW 35 GWh/y/unit Wave reflector Waves overtopping the Reservoir doubly curved ramp Turbine outlet Illustration: Ocean Forest - no reproduction without written permission
☺ 20,000 hours operational track record ☺ Wave energy absorption performance verified ☺ It works! Power delivered to the grid ☺ Offshore wave energy is a reality Why farm seaweed? Rough introduction of seaweed market Total production 28 million ton. Annual growth rate 8-10%. Commodity Mton/y Main production from cultivation in Asia (95%) • 50% of the world primary production (phososynthesis) Marine fish 73 takes place in the sea Market value 8 billion USD Seaweed 28 • Still 99% of our food energy comes from agriculture on Markets: food (75 %), hydrocolloids (13 %), feed, Molluscs 22 land… fertilizers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and chemicals. Crustaceans 10 Salmonids 4 • Seaweed farming is sustainable : no freshwater, land area or fertilizers are needed (limiting factors on land) • Wide range of market opportunities for seaweed biomass • Rapidly increasing interest in seaweed products and seaweed cultivation “Seaweed is possibly the largest unexploited resource in Europe…” 12
Markets and applications Dominating the entire cultivation cycle 1. Human food 3. Plant health & nutrition – Sea vegetables, snacks – Growth promoters – Salt replacement – Plant defense – Flavour – Macronutrients (N, P, K) – Texturizer – Micronutrients (Fe, Ca, Cu) – Trace elements 2. Health & nutrition 4. Specialty chemicals (humans and animals) – Alginate, carrageenan, agar – Gut health (fibers, prebiotics) – Alginate derivatives – Immune stimulation – Mannitol and derivates – Anti-oxidants – Fiber/textiles – Anti-inflammatory – Minerals – Anti-biotic – Protein – Vitamins 5. Industrial fermentation – Minerals – Biofuels – Fatty acids – Biochemicals – Skin health (cosmetics) – Single cell protein (SCP) – Animal fur and mucus health – Pharmaceuticals/bioactives (Integrated biorefineries) 13 14 SES Pilot 2015/16: 20 tons final food product SES exposed offshore farming vision(s) • Technical challenges (sea operations; wear on equipment; fewer days with work weather) • Logistics: longer journey times and expensive harvest/transport/delivery sequence Two distinct approaches analysed/considered: Passive survivability design (structures moving like seaweed) Active submergence in storms (wave power with classical farm designs) 16
Key figures Description of projects 1 st Commercial 2 nd Commercial 3 rd commercial Pilot project in 3 rd commercial project Wales project in Wales project; new project location Wave Dragon 45WD@4MW = 180MW SES 20 000 tonnes/y Wave 1 WD; 4MW 9 WD; 30MW 9 WD; 30MW 45WD; 180MW Dragon Pay back 4.3 years SES 80 tonnes/y 4000 tonnes /y 4000 tonnes/y 20 000 tonnes/y IRR 24.4% • Wave Dragon and SES have solid track records in their fields Backup slides Wave Dragon • Joint MUS project WD/SES has been initiated upon invitation of MARIBE Conclusion • SES can cultivate in areas otherwise difficult to work in or inaccessible • WD can serve as operational base for (seaweed) aquaculture • The combined wave energy and aquaculture farm has a significant better economy than stand alone solutions (~10% reduction in levelised cost). • MARIBE has facilitated significantly the exploration of this MUS, and provided valuable help and contacts for development of this vision • A WD/SES pilot seems realistic in Welsh waters within a short time frame, provided that appropriate funding can be obtained.
The Wave Dragon Technology The Wave Dragon Technology Turbines Reservoir Reflector Ramp • Wave energy focusing Absorption • Overtopping Storage • Above sea level reservoir • Low-head variable speed propeller turbines Power-take-off • PM generators & frequency inverters Floating Barge + River Hydro Power Station = Wave Dragon
The Danish Academy of Technical Sciences Meeting on Energy Storage 57 m wide 200 tonnes Wave Dragon prototype with 7 turbines deployed and connected to the grid in 2003 as worlds first floating WEC Full scale Wave Dragon device sizes Wave Dragon # 25 Erik Friis-Madsen Wave energy power plants – any need for energy storage?
4 MW Wave Dragon site Wales Turbine operation and power production Grid connection Ship traffic Wave climate P o w e r 1 0 0 % 9 0 % Example: 8 0 % • Four power producing turbines in continous 7 0 % operation 6 0 % • Three dummy turbines handles overtopping 7 variation 5 0 % 4 0 % 5 ,5 3 0 % W a v e h e ig h t , s ig n if ic a n t , 4 2 0 % m e t e r s 1 0 % 2 ,5 0 % 5 1 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 W a v e p e a k p e r io d in s e c o n d s From the EIA report How visible is a WD power plant? Seen from 100 feet above sea level and at a distance of 5km Under the horizon at a distance of 10km
The Danish Academy of Technical Sciences Meeting on Energy Storage 1:50 Model test 100 year wave Wave Dragon # 33 Erik Friis-Madsen The Danish Academy of Technical Sciences The Danish Academy of Technical Sciences Meeting on Energy Storage Cylinder gate turbines running Meeting on Energy Storage Ice and WEC’s is a bad combination! The prototype was designed for a 3 year life time, but was not scrapped until 2011 after more than 8 years of operations. Wave Dragon Wave Dragon # 35 # 36 Erik Friis-Madsen Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical Sciences Meeting on Energy Storage Backup slides SES Animation: LOKE film Wave Dragon # 37 Erik Friis-Madsen Seaweed as functional feed ingredient Large-scale offshore seaweed farming: a missing link in the food & feed chain? An emerging market • Brown seaweeds has a high content of dietary fibers (laminaran, alginate, cellulose) Frank Neumann , Kaia Kjolbø Rød, Diogo Raposo, Luiza Neves, Maren Sæther, Jon Funderud • Both soluble and insoluble fibers Offshore Mariculture 2016 Conference, Barcelona • Seaweed as a functional feed ingredient (beneficial for digestion and gastrointestinal • Seaweed introduction to food and feed markets health) • State-of the art of offshore seaweed (Kelp) farming in Europe • Laminaran (branched β-1,3/1,6-glucan) is • IMTA and synergies to other aquaculture activities an immunostimulant • Several bioactives properties of alginate • Antibiotics replacement • Seaweed as a sustainable and local feed ingredient 40
Land plants vs. seaweed cultivation Challenges for cultivation in Europe Situation: Suitable (protected) sites limited move • offshore High labour cost mechanisation needed • Exposed waters seaweed farming: • Technically possible – shown in Frøya and Portugal • Forces and wear on the equipment • Need for new designs (structures/equipment) Mato Grosso, Brazil • Operation and Safety - fewer work days at sea • Logistics – transport and fuel; buffer storage To realize the potential of seaweed biomass, new and innovative cultivation technology is needed… Develop industry in easier waters and gradually move farther out to sea 41 42 Sanggou Bay, China ¡Gracias! Stepping-stone: IMTA www.seaweedenergysolutions.com • Bioremediation Residual nutrients capture (seaweed as a biofilter in integrated aquaculture; large part (50%?) of the feed nutrients are lost in the sea) • Recreation of the natural ecologic processes (increased biodiversity) Attracts marine life, provide shelter and habitat • Positive effect on seaweed Better growth of the seaweeds close to the fish farms (nutrient availability) Aquaculture Technology Logistics and Operations Obvious synergies Large challenges ahead… of salmon “One company cannot solve this alone” – need to work together farming and seaweed! www.salmonfarmscience.com 43 44
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