6/15/20 OBJECTIVES FAST FACTS: • Discuss the progression of COVID-19 • Explain COVID-19 • List CDC recommendations COVERING • Provide resources to stay updated COVID-19 Presented by Daejahnee Erby, Rebekah Farag, & Destiny Reed, Fourth Y ear PharmD Candidates Under the Supervision of Charlie Colquitt, BS, PharmD, CPh & Selika Stackhouse Sampson, PharmD, CPh 1 2 PROGRESSION OF COVID-19 PROGRESSION OF COVID-19 December 2019 January 2020 February 2020 March 2020 April 2020 May 2020 June 2020 • China reports first cases • China reports first death linked to • WHO official names the • COVID-19 is officially declared a • More than 3 million cases of COVID-19 • More than 6 million cases of COVID- • More than 7 million cases and 200,000 deaths globally 19 globally of COVID-19 globally of "pneumonia" SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus "COVID-19" pandemic • Thailand, Japan, South Korea, U.S., • Twenty vaccines are in • Europe is named the "epicenter" • U.S. has the highest number of cases in • More than 300,000 deaths globally • More than 400,000 the world while Italy has the second • Preliminary data indicates vaccine is deaths globally Australia, the Middle East and part development of the pandemic • More than 600,000 cases and highest safe and well tolerated of Europe report first cases • World Health Organization (WHO) • 90% (~1.5 billion) students are affected 30,000 deaths globally by school closures declares public health emergency • China lifts its lockdown of international concern 3 4 WHAT IS COVID-19? WHERE IS COVID-19? • The Coronavirus is a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus that is spread by person-to-person contact via • The first case of COVID-19 was seen in Wuhan, China. respiratory droplets in the air. ⚬ Commonly known coronaviruses include Middle Eastern • The primary source of the virus is believed to be bats. Respiratory syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute • Contact between the infected bats and the first patients Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) now recognized to have COVID has been traced back to a seafood market where live animals were sold FAST FACT The technical name for the coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2! 5 6 1
6/15/20 siGNS & sYMPTOMS OF covid-19 COUNTRIES AFFECTED Symptoms can occur within 2-14 days after exposure and may range from mild to severe symptoms • Fever or chills • Cough • Shortness of breath Countries not reporting: • Fatigue • Turkmenistan • Muscle pain • Western Sahara • Sore throat • North Korea • Nausea or vomiting Some patients have even reported a loss of smell and taste, rash, hives or chicken pox-like lesions. However these are uncommon 7 8 When Should I Seek Emergency Medical Attention? If one is experincing: • Severe chest pain or pressure • Trouble breathing • New onset of confusion SAFETY • Inability to wake or stay awake • Bluish lips and/or skin MEASURES CALL 911 Immediately Precautions 9 10 COVID-19 TESTING NASAL SWAB There are two tests currently available: TEST Viral tests Antibody/ serology tests Nasopharyngeal specimen is Reveals if a patient had a prior infection. collected with a long nasal swab It takes roughly 1-3 weeks after infection for the Reveals if a patient has a current infection body to make antibodies. Procedure is roughly 10-15 seconds Uses a blood sample Rapid or Non-rapid results Thus, it may be ineffective for testing for a current infection 11 12 2
6/15/20 HOW TO GET TESTED COVID-19 TESTING 1. Contact your primary physician to see if they are offering testing • Some sites may require a doctors note or an appointment in order to receive a test 2. Next, find a local testing site • Rules may vary at each testing site. • https://my.castlighthealth.com/corona-virus-testing-sites/ ⚬ Therefore, call your community testing site for updated testing criteria. ⚬ Each site determines if testing is appropriate depending on your symptoms, risk factors and testing availability 3. Complete an online health screening assessment and a healthcare provider will contact you • While waiting on test results, please quarantine for at least 14 days, and continue to do so • If you are not eligible for a test, you may just receive an email even after you have received a negative result. 13 14 WHAT IF I TEST POSITIVE? CDC & WHO RECOMMENDATIONS 15 16 SOCIAL DISTANCING Recommendations: • Staying 6 feet apart of other people • Avoiding crowded places • Do not gather in groups larger than 10 people FAST FACT A b o u t 1 i n 3 a d u l t s u s e d c h e m i c a l s o r d i s i n f e c t a n t s u n s a f e l y w h i l e t r y i n g t o p r o t e c t a g a i n s t C O V I D - 1 9 17 18 3
6/15/20 MASKS TYPES OF MASK • The CDC recommends that everyone wear a cloth face cover when out Face masks meant for in public! healthcare workers ⚬ Mask should be warn even should NOT be worn by if you do not feel sick. the general public. 19 20 21 22 MEDICATIONS • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is the preferred drug • Ibuprofen (Advil) can be used at lowest effective doses if needed ⚬ Continue aspirin if taken daily • When possible, avoid using a nebulizer. ⚬ Instead, use a metered dose inhaler • Avoid corticosteroids unless you need treatment for an acute exacerbation of Asthma or COPD • Continue taking: ⚬ Blood pressure medication ⚬ Cholesterol medications 23 24 4
6/15/20 TREATMENT OPTIONS WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE US? • There is NO definite treatment • Treatment is dependent on severity of illness • Patients with non-severe disease or no laboratory features: ⚬ Referral to clinical trial • After the tragic killing of George Floyd, there has been an ongoing series of protests in each of the 50 states in the US, • Hospitalized patients with severe disease: ⚬ Remdesivir as well as in other countries. • Hospitalized patients with severe disease or laboratory features: • Although individuals are protesting for a great cause, we must ⚬ Referral to clinical trial ⚬ Convalescent plasma remember that there is still a current pandemic and COVID-19 ⚬ Hydroxychloroquine has not gone away. ⚬ IL-6 inhibitors ⚬ Immunomodulator agents • Safety precautions must still occur 25 26 TEAR GAS MAY INCREASE THE RISK OF COVID-19 PROTESTING SAFELY TRANSMISSION • During these protests police may release tear gas potentially harming protesters • Although it may be hard to remain separated by six feet, please continue to: • Studies have shown that tear gas may cause damage to the lungs, making individuals more ⚬ Wear mask susceptible to a respiratory illness (in a research conducted by the U.S. Army in the summer of ⚬ Wear gloves 2012, the cohort had a substantial high risk of having an acute respiratory illness in the days ⚬ Wear googles after exposure) • If you are experiencing any respiratory symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, or if you • The tear gas may also incite an immediate response of coughing. Coughing is one of the have a fever, please stay home. Do not protest. primary ways the virus can spread ⚬ You may be putting others at risk. • Long term effects of tear gas may also develop such as chronic bronchitis, further putting the individual at risk for contracting COVID-19 • This tear gas may also exacerbate an underlying condition such as Asthma and COPD. 27 28 REOPENING IN FLORIDA DEBUNKING MYTHS • The medical masks do NOT cause carbon dioxide intoxication Initial & Full Phase I - Effective May 4 & 18, 2020 • Drinking alcohol and smoking marijuana does NOT protect you from the virus • Restaurants & Food Establishments & Retail • Amusement Parks: ⚬ Stores: Re-opening plans • Currently, there are no licensed drugs to treat or prevent COVID-19, despite President Trump ⚬ Initial: revealing that he was prophylactically taking Hydroxychloroquine ￭ Indoor Capacity - 25% • Organized Youth Activities • Drinking methanol, ethanol or bleach does not protect you from the virus ￭ Outdoor seating ⚬ Full: • Barber Shops & Salons: • 5G mobile towers do not spread the virus ⚬ Safety Protocols ￭ Indoor Capacity - 50% • Being able to hold your breath for 10 seconds without coughing does not mean that you are ￭ Outdoor seating COVID-19 free • Schools: ⚬ Distance Learning • Gyms: • COVID-19 can be transmitted during any climate, including hot and humid weather ⚬ Initial: Closed • Rinsing your nose with saline does not prevent infection ⚬ Full: Operate at 50% capacity • Long-Term Care Facilities: ⚬ Visitations prohibitied 29 30 5
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