Dominions Application of Pseudo-Measurements to Aid in State - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Dominions Application of Pseudo-Measurements to Aid in State - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dominions Application of Pseudo-Measurements to Aid in State Estimation Joseph L. Brown, Ming Zhou, Solomon Yirga, and R. Matthew Gardner So o o ga, a d a e Ga d e Dominion Virginia Power Dominion Virginia Power 28,200 megawatts


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SLIDE 1

Dominion’s Application of Pseudo-Measurements to Aid in State Estimation

Joseph L. Brown, Ming Zhou, Solomon Yirga, and R. Matthew Gardner So o

  • ga, a d

a e Ga d e Dominion Virginia Power

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SLIDE 2

Dominion Virginia Power

  • 28,200 megawatts of generation

28,200 megawatts of generation

  • 6,300 miles of high-voltage

transmission lines up to 500kV transmission lines, up to 500kV

  • 54,000 miles of distribution lines
  • 2.4 million franchise electric retail

customer accounts in VA and NC

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SLIDE 3

State Estimator at Dominion

  • Operates on a version of Alstom’s “e-

p terraplatform”

  • Over 4,000 buses
  • Coverage
  • Internal area: MW and MVAR
  • E ternal area MW onl
  • External area: MW only
  • State Estimation Philosophy
  • High accuracy for internal buses

High accuracy for internal buses

  • Focus on the accuracy in solving the MW power flow for

external buses

  • Less effort is spent toward the accuracy in solving the

MVAR power flow for external buses

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SLIDE 4

State Estimation Network Model

PJM DOM Service Area PJM DOM Service Area

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SLIDE 5

State Estimation Network Model

  • 4,975 injections

4,975 injections

  • 863 units (90% of units have MW

measurements) measurements)

  • 4,112 loads (64% of loads have MW

measurements and 18% have MVAR measurements)

  • SCADA measurements
  • Weights are determined by the assigned

accuracy class y

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SLIDE 6

Pseudo-measurements

  • Pseudo-measurements apply when:

Pseudo measurements apply when:

– No measurement is modeled in SCADA

Telemetry failure

– Telemetry failure

  • Pseudo-measurement weight:

– An assigned accuracy class that

determines the weight

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SLIDE 7

Pseudo-measurement Value

M d l l f it MW t t

  • Model value of unit MW output

– Area Watt Regulation (AWR) Mode

respect area transactions

– Free Flow Mode

respect total island load

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SLIDE 8

Pseudo-measurement Value

  • Model value of load:

Model value of load:

– MW model value:

  • Loadload areaassociated schedule with a

base and parent fraction value for every hour

  • load hierarchy:
  • Internal: Load station load area division

Internal: Load station load area division load area load area

  • External: Load division load area load

area area

– MVAR model value:

  • Calculated from MW model value and model power

f t factor

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SLIDE 9

Dominion Pseudo-Measurements

  • Problem:

Problem:

  • Automatically assign the same weight to MW

and MVAR pseudo-measurements p

  • Competing between real measurements and

pseudo-measurements

  • Solution:
  • Separately weight the MW and MVAR pseudo-

p y g p measurements

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SLIDE 10

Cautions and Possibilities for Enhanced Use of Pseudo-Measurements Use of Pseudo-Measurements

  • Non-redundant measurements
  • Do not help with bad data identification and

detection Bias is absorbed completely

  • Bias is absorbed completely
  • Carefully calculating/forecasting the value of

pseudo-measurements

  • Misidentifying bad data with highly

weighted biased pseudo-measurements

A i ll i ht t d t

  • Assign smaller weights to pseudo-measurements
  • Check the estimation results against the real

measurements

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SLIDE 11

Future Planned PMU Installations

Questions?

PMU Installations to be incorporated into system into system developed under thi t this grant.