Clustering+in+the+crea/ve+ industries+ - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Clustering+in+the+crea/ve+ industries+

The+what,+the+why,+the+how+and+the+ what’s+it+like+

Outline+

+ What+is+a+crea/ve+cluster?+ Why+have+they+become+so+influen/al?+ How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organised?+ What’s+it+like+–+working+in+a+cluster?+ + + +

What?+

+ What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+ What+is+a+cluster?+ What+is+a+crea/ve+cluster?+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

The+culture+ industries+ The+cultural+ industries+ The+crea/ve+ industries+

TAKE%A%MINUTE%TO%THINK%ABOUT% THE%CREATIVE%INDUSTRIES%

What+does+it+include,+and+what+does+not+ belong+to+the+crea/ve+industries?+Why?+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

• "those+industries+which+

have+their+origin+in+ individual+crea/vity,+skill+ and+talent+and+which+ have+a+poten/al+for+ wealth+and+job+crea/on+ through+the+genera/on+ and+exploita/on+of+ intellectual+property"+(UK+ Government+Department+ for+Culture,+Media+and+ Sport,+2001,+p.+04)+

Crea/ve+ industries+ (DCMS, 2006)+ AdverU /sing+

ArchiU tecture+

Arts/ an/que+ markets+

CraXs+

Design+

Designer+ Fashion+ Film,+ video,+ photoU graphy+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

The+concentric+ circle+model+ (Throsby,+ 2001)+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

The%core%cultural%industries%

• Broadcas/ng+
• Film+industries+
• Music+industries+
• Print+and+eUpublishing+
• Video+and+computer+games+
• Adver/sing,+marke/ng,+PR+
• Web+design+

Peripheral%cultural%industries%

• Theatre+
• Making,+exhibi/on+and+sale+
• f+arts+

Borderline%cultural%industries%

• Internet+industries+
• Computer+hardware+
• Fashion+
• Sports+

% % (Hesmondhalgh,+2012)+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

Specific+sectors?+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

Specific+poten/al?+ +

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

Specific+content?++

TAKE%A%FEW%MINUTES%TO%FIND%THE% DEFINITION%USED%IN%POLICY% DOCUMENTS%IN%THE%NETHERLANDS/ RUSSIA% % Which+defini/on+does+it+resemble?+ (if+any)+

What+are+the+crea/ve+industries?+

+

TheoreFcal%perspecFves+

Crea/ve+ci/es,+urban+development,+e.g.:+

Charles+Landry+ Richard+Florida+

Crea/ve+clusters+/+economic+geographical+perspec/ves,+e.g.:+

Andy+Prab+ Alan+Scob+ Michael+Porter+

What+is+a+crea/ve+city?+

• “crea/vity+as+a+boon+to+a+city’s+ills”+(Hesmondhalgh,+

2008).+

• “By+encouraging+crea/vity+and+legi/mising+the+use+of+

imagina/on+within+the+public,+private+and+community+ spheres+the+ideasbank+of+possibili/es+and+poten/al+ solu/ons+to+any+urban+problem+will+be+ broadened”+(Landry,+2005).+

• “The+crea/ve+class”+and+regional+economic+growth+

caused+by+their+loca/onal+choices+>+Quality+of+place+in+ terms+of+labour+market,+lifestyles+(gayUindex,+bohemia+ index),+diversity,+etc.)+(a.o.+Florida,+2002).++

What+is+a+crea/ve+city?+

What+is+a+(crea/ve)+cluster?+

• “concentra/on+of+specialised+

industries+in+par/cular+ locali/es”+(Marshall,+1890)+

• “Clusters+are+geographic+

concentra/ons+of+interconnected+ companies,+specialized+suppliers,+ service+providers,+firms+in+related+ industries,+and+associated+ ins/tu/ons+[…]+in+a+par/cular+ field+that+compete+but+also+ cooperate”+(Porter,+2000)++

• A+crea/ve+cluster+is+a+business+

cluster+housing+crea/ve+ industries+

What+is+a+(crea/ve)+cluster?+

WHY%HAVE%CREATIVE%CLUSTERS% BECOME%SO%INFLUENTIAL?%

Reflect+with+your+neighbour+on+the+ discussed+literature+and+think+about+ how+and+why+the+no/on+of+the+crea/ve+ cluster+has+become+so+dominant+in+ especially+policy+discourses+

Why+have+crea/ve+clusters+become+so+ influen/al?+

Context%

• Neoliberalism+
• PostUFordist+society+
• Urban+regenera/on+
• ‘Cultural+turn’+
• ‘Boosterism’+

Academic%criFcism%

• Floridas+theory+does+not+

predict+very+well+>+ causa/on+

• Simplified+one+size+fits+all+

idea+

• There+is+no+‘crea/ve+class’?+
• Too+much+focus+on+either+

produc/on+or+consump/on+

Why+have+crea/ve+clusters+become+so+ influen/al?+

Source:+an/cap.wordpress.com+

Outline+

+ What+is+a+crea/ve+cluster?+ Why+have+they+become+so+influen/al?+ How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organised?+ What’s+it+like+–+working+in+a+cluster?+ + + +

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+ Func/onal+ dimension+

Produc/on+ clusters+ Service/ consump/on+ clusters+

Spa/al+ dimension+

Size+of+the+ building+ Loca/on+of+ the+building+

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

Evidence%from%the%field% Housing%corporaFons%

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

Evidence%from%the%field% Housing%corporaFons%

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

Evidence%from%the%field% Government%(insFtutes)%

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

Evidence%from%the%field% (social)%Real%estate%companies%

How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organized?+

Evidence%from%the%field% BoQomRup%movements%

Outline+

+ What+is+a+crea/ve+cluster?+ Why+have+they+become+so+influen/al?+ How+are+crea/ve+clusters+organised?+ What’s+it+like+–+working+in+a+cluster?+ + + +

WHY%WOULD%CREATIVE% ENTREPRENEURS%LOCATE%IN%CLUSTERS?% What+have+you+learned+in+this+honours+ programme+so+far?+What+did+you+learn+ in+the+Vasim?++

What’s+it+like?+

• Involvement+of+stakeholders:+

– “In+my+view,+this+was+a+business+centre.+And+it+was+ a+building+in+which+the+municipality+was+involved.+ This+was+of+great+importance+to+me.+Because+yes,+

• nly+being+dependent+on+this+housing+

corpora/on,+that+seemed+very+tricky.+And+it+was!”+ +

What’s+it+like?+

• Facili/es:+

– “I+actually+have+more+or+less+everything+in+my+office.+I+ have+a+kitchenebe+[…]+and+people+use+mine+a+lot.+I+am+ just+lucky.+But+eh,+yeah,+water,+toilets+are+well+kept.+ Everything+is+cleaned.+It+wasn’t+like+that+in+the+past.+ Crea/ves+don’t+clean+that+much,+so+in+the+end+it+ became+a+bit+dirty.”+ – “I+use+the+mee/ng+rooms+a+lot,+especially+because+ we’re+in+a+coUworking+space.+I+really+like+to+go+there+ when+I+have+to+call+someone,+just+for+privacy.”+ – “What+I+miss+is+something+where+I+can+go+at+night.+A+ pub+or+something.”++

What’s+it+like?+

• Contact+with+managers:+

– “We+some/mes+receive+an+email+from+the+mailinglist+

• f+the+managers,+but+that’s+more+about+the+

developments+on+this+loca/on.+More+related+to+the+ housing+corpora/on.+Yes,+that+is+a+bit+less+relevant,+a+ bit+less+interes/ng.”++ – “I+have+a+lot+of+expensive+equipment+here+[…].+But+ there+is+a+loca/on+manager+here.+And+there+are+ handymen.+The+safety,+and…+then+I+thought…+[…]+ These+boys+also+helped+a+lot+in+[pain/ng+and+ rebuilding]+this+room”+

What’s+it+like?+

• Social+aspects:+

– “It+is+a+bit+more+informal+here.+When+you+need+ something,+you+just+walk+to+them.+You+don’t+need+ to+make+an+appointment,+you+know.”+ – “It+is+very+basic,+but+it+is+nice+that+you+can+ challenge+people+on+other+levels,+about+ entrepreneurship.+So+when+you+have+a+specific+ ques/on,+such+as+do+we+need+to+expand+[…],+you+ can+share+these+ques/ons.”++

What’s+it+like?+

• The+built+environment+and+reputa/on:+

– “I+think+it+is+an+awesome+building.+First,+I+like+that+it+is+ an+old+tax+authori/es+building,+it+is+very+rigid,+and+it+ had+a+very+rigid+func/on.+That+there+is+so+much+ crea/vity+here+now,+and+is+used+in+such+a+crea/ve+ way,+that’s+just+awesome.”+ – “Some+buildings+here+are+super+authen/c+and+ industrial.+Old+machine+rooms,+you+know.+It+is+just+ super+cool+to+be+there.+Also+to+bring+people+there+for+ dinner.+I+think+that+is+very+important,+yes.+I+prefer+ being+here+over+being+in+a+boring+office,+yes.”++

Concluding+ques/ons+

• Are+crea/ve+clusters+opera/ng+on+a+different+

logic+than+‘other’+clusters?+

• Does+crea/ve+city+and+crea/ve+cluster+policy+

really+benefit+the+crea/ve+industries?+

• How+do+clusters+develop?+Can+they+be+developed+

topUdown?+

• Are+crea/ve+business+centers+func/oning+as+

actual+clusters?+

• What+about+crea/ve+clusters+outside+western+

Europe?+

Ques/ons+and+discussion+

wijngaarden@eshcc.eur.nl+ www.ciciproject.nl+

And+have+fun+in+the+Vasim!+