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Footprint calculations from the perspective of National Statistical Institutes By Rutger Hoekstra, Bram Edens (Statistics Netherlands) and Harry Wilting (Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency) WIOD final conference, Groningen, April

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Footprint calculations from the perspective of National Statistical Institutes

By Rutger Hoekstra, Bram Edens (Statistics Netherlands) and Harry Wilting (Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency)

WIOD final conference, Groningen, April 24th-26th 2012

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

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MRIO based calculations

– Footprint calculations – Production vs. Consumption perspective – Global shifts in environmental pressures

Will National Statistical Institutes start to produce these MRIO-based footprints?
Bridging the gap between academic and statistical work

– Overview of NSI work – Overview of MRIO databases – Differences production of NSI and MRIO data – Potential future problems

Work at Statistics Netherlands/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency

Introduction

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

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Overview of NSI work

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

Institute Country Type Most recent year Environmental Regions Industries Statistics Canada Canada MRIO 2002 and 2006 GHG 4 ? Statistics Denmark Denmark Partial 2005 CO2 13 60 Eurostat Eurostat SRIO 2000-2007 8 pressures 2 64 INSEE France Partial 2005 CO2 ±15 60 DESTATIS Germany Partial 2007 CO2 14 73 Statistics Netherlands Netherlands Partial 2009 GHG 17 60 Statistics Sweden Sweden SRIO 1993-2008 Energy; materials; air emissions 2 134 PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency Netherlands Partial & MRIO 2001 GHG and land 13 57 DEFRA United Kingdom MRIO 1990-2009 CO2 and GHG 4 123

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Mostly carbon footprint
Experimental status (only 4 let you download data)
Minority use SRIO: Most use partial or full MRIO
Not very recent
Additional

– Interest in household breakdowns – Interactive

Overview of NSI work (2)

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SLIDE 5

Example of an interactive tool. http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/themas/natuur-milieu/cijfers/extra/footprint.htm?Languageswitch=on

Overview of NSI work (3)

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

SLIDE 6

Overview of MRIO databases

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

GTAP EXIOPOL/ CREEA WIOD EORA OECD Institute Purdue University FEEM/TNO University of Groningen University of Sydney OECD Years 1997, 2001, 2004, 2007 2000, 2007 1995-2009 (and in constant prices) 1990-2009 1995, 2000, 2005 Countries/ Regions 66-129 (depends on year) 43 (95% of the global GDP) 35 (80% of world GDP in 2006) 187 41 (90% of global GDP) Industries 57 130 35 ?-500 17 Environ- mental data Greenhouse gases (CO2, NO2, CH4) Energy use Land use (split agro-ecological zone) Emissions (56) Materials (96) Land use (15) Water use (14) Energy use / several energy carriers/Water consumption/ Land use/ Emissions of greenhouse gases/Air pollutants/Resource use/extraction/Generation and treatment of various types of waste Greenhouse gases Air pollution Water use Ecological Footprint CO2

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NSI already do input-output analysis
Where do the differences emerge?
Example: Carbon footprint- Statistics Netherlands vs. WIOD

Differences in MRIO and NSI production

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Trade data Supply and use tables Input-output table Trade data Energy data

Statistics Netherlands International databases World input-output database

Eurostat United Nations (COMTRADE) Eurostat IEA Environmental accounts Eurostat Supply and use tables Trade data MRIO Environmental accounts Environmental accounts

The Netherlands Other countries

Supply and use tables Energy data Environmental accounts

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Where do the differences emerge?

– SUT – Trade in goods

Classifications
Transit trade/re-exports

– Trade asymmetries – Conversion from SUT to IOT

Strategies

– Insert CBS IOT directly into “WIOD” or “analytical WIOD” and then rebalance – Insert CBS SUT into “international SUT” and then follow WIOD production process – Start with CBS data and use WIOD (and other MRIO) and produce an own MRIO

Differences in MRIO and NSI production (3)

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

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Goods for processing
ISIC and CPC revision
CBS is looking at solutions, but are other NSIs?

Potential statistical problems

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek According to SNA 1993 Output of petrol 100 Intermediate use of crude oil 75 Value added 25 Import of crude oil 75 Exports of petrol 100 According to SNA 2008 Output of industrial services 25 Value added 25 Export of industrial services 25

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CBS-PBL project

– Start with carbon footprint (land, material and water footprints later) – Times series: 1990-2010 – Based on WIOD, EXIOPOL/CREEA, EORA – Updating technique for recent year – Various models (partial, full MRIO) – Aggregation of regions/industries

E-frame (European framework for measuring progress) (www.eframeproject.eu)

– FP7 project – Lead by ISTAT and CBS – Stocktaking report on footprints (December 2012)

Future work CBS/PBL

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek