Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs of the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

#HFMC17

Prachi Garnawat PhD Candidate School of Property, Construction and Project Management RMIT University

Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs of the occupants in hospital buildings

#HFMC17

• Background to the research
• Objectives of the study
• Initial findings from the case study
• Discussion
• Way forward

Outline

#HFMC17

IEQ

Air Quality Visual Comfort Acoustic comfort Thermal Comfort

• There are various parameters that

influence IEQ of a building

• IAQ, thermal, acoustic and visual

comfort are considered as the key parameters

• The nature and impact of the IEQ

parameters vary with the types of buildings

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ)

#HFMC17

Major Impacts of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities

#HFMC17

IEQ regulations and guidelines for healthcare facilities

#HFMC17

Sources: 1Building Code of Australia (ABCB, 2016); 2AS 1668.2 (Standards Australia, 2012); 3ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 (ASHRAE, 2010); 4AS 4260 (Standards Australia, 1997a); 5ASHRAE Standard 55 (ASHRAE, 2013); 6AS/NZS 1680-2.5 (Standards Australia, 1997b)

Compilation of IEQ standard limits

#HFMC17

• There is a limited information and research available on

IEQ in Australian healthcare facilities

• There are no standardized IEQ assessment methods and

guidelines for healthcare facilities

• The related guidelines suggest minimum requirements

which might not meet occupant needs and occupant satisfaction

Assessment of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities

#HFMC17

• To identify the current practices in management of IEQ

in Australian Hospitals

• To identify the IEQ parameters considered by building
• ccupants (such as hospital staff) to provide satisfactory

indoor environment

• To analyse and manage the gap between the occupants’

preference and the building performance in terms of IEQ

Objectives of the study

#HFMC17

Research Instrument

#HFMC17

Manager Survey Staff Survey

Survey Design

#HFMC17

• Regional public hospital in Victoria
• It provides services from emergency, medical, surgical

to aged care and rehabilitation

• Medium sized hospital with 65 acute and 90 high care

beds

Case Study

#HFMC17

• Total occupancy- 120
• Response rate- 28%
• Gender- Female- 80 %
• Average age- 42 years
• Average Experience in HC- 15

years (1-36 years)

• Average Experience in the

hospital 10 years (1-30 years)

Survey Results

9% 35% 3% 15% 29% 9%

Respondents

Medical Officer/Practitioner Nurse Diagnostic professionals Allied health professionals Administrative and clerical staff Other

#HFMC17

Code Parameter AQ1 Presence of operable Windows and natural ventilation AQ2 Air Quality (Dusty) AQ3 Air Freshness (Stuffy) AQ4 Olfactory (odour) Comfort (Smelly) AQ5 Ability to control air quality TC1 Air temperature during winters TC2 Relative Humidity TC3 Ability to control air temperature TC4 Air temperature consistency in a day TC5 Air temperature during summers LC1 Level of light or luminance LC2 Flickering of Light LC3 Ability to control artificial lighting level LC4 Availability of natural/daylight LC5 Access to outside views LC6 Shading devices on window to control sunlight Code Parameter AC1 Noise Levels AC2 Ability to avoid disturbance due to noise from co-workers AC3 Ability to avoid disturbance due to noise from equipment SQ1 Space available for individual work SQ2 Cleanliness SQ3 Availability of places of Respite SQ4 Privacy SQ5 Availability of Prayer and quiet rooms SQ6 Availability of Children activity room SQ7 Way finding F1 Availability of feedback system F2 Regular survey for feedback F3 Action taken on the reports

#HFMC17

Satisfaction with IEQ

62% 45% 79% 69% 59% 35% 92% 95% 96% 96% 91% 81% INDOOR AIR QUALITY THERMAL COMFORT LIGHTING ACOUSTIC SPATIAL QUALITY FEEDBACK

OVERALL IEQ

Satisfaction Importance

#HFMC17

• Lighting and acoustic comfort were given the highest

importance followed by thermal comfort and air quality.

• The least satisfactory parameter to the staff was regular

survey of IEQ followed by their ability to control temperature and ventilation settings.

• There seems to be a need to move beyond compliance

to include occupants’ need in hospital IEQ provision

Discussion

#HFMC17

• Provide research for evidence based designing of

hospital buildings that reflects the needs of all the

• ccupants
• Include the experience of IEQ and facilities managers in

the hospital research and development

• Investigate and develop integrated IEQ assessment

and management framework which involves all the stakeholders

Way Forward

#HFMC17

Thank You. Prachi Garnawat email: prachi.garnawat@rmit.edu.au School of Property, Construction and Project Management RMIT University Melbourne, Australia

#HFMC17

• 1ABCB. 2016. National Construction Code, Building Code of Australia Volume 1 - Class 2 to 9 Buildings,

Canberra: Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB)

• 2Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5: Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks,

Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand

• 3ASHRAE. 2010. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.

Atlanta, GA: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality

• 4Standards Australia. 1997a. AS 4260: High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters— Classification,

construction and performance. Homebush, NSW: Standards Australia

• 5ASHRAE. 2013. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human

Occupancy (pp. 58). Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

• 6Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5: Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks,

Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand

Sources

#HFMC17

• ABS 2012, Industry Structure and Performance Australian Bureau of Statistics, viewed 25/04
• ACSQHC 2012, Review of Patient Experience and Satisfaction Surveys Conducted Within Public and

Private Hospitals in Australia, ACSQHC, Australia.

• AIHW 2016, Australia's Health, AIHW, Canberra.
• Armstrong, BK, Gillespie, JA, Leeder, SR, Rubin, GL & Russell, LM 2007, 'Challenges in health and

health care for Australia', Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 187, no. 9, pp. 485-489,

• Australian Government 2016, Industry Employment Projections, Canberra
• Garnawat, P, Andamon, MM, Wong, JP & Woo, J 2017, 'Assessment of indoor environmental

quality in Australian healthcare facilities: a review of standards and guidelines', Healthy Buildings 2017 Europe, Lublin, Poland

• Health Workforce 2014, Australia’s Future Health Workforce – Nurses Overview Report, Canberra.
• NHMRC 2010, Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare

NHMRC, Canberra, Australia

• Naccarella, L, Buchan, J, Sheahan, M, Reading, M, Chevez, A & Pollard, B 2016, Design Matters For

Nurses: Hospital design for nurse attraction and retention, HASSELL, Melbourne, Australia.

• Ulrich, R, Quan, X, Zimring, C, Joseph, A & Choudhary, R 2004, The Role of the Physical Environment

in the Hospital of the 21st Century: A Once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity.

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2012, The Physical Environment: An Often

Unconsidered Patient Safety Tool, viewed 19/06

References