ANALYST PRESENTATION 1999 SUMMARY OF RESULTS Investec Summary of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ANALYST PRESENTATION 1999 SUMMARY OF RESULTS Investec Summary of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

INVESTEC ANALYST PRESENTATION 1999 SUMMARY OF RESULTS Investec Summary of Results 1999 1998 % Change Headline Attributable 857 572 49.8 Earnings (Rm) Headline EPS (cents) Undiluted 1 077.5 790.1 36.4 Diluted 1 089.9 782.4


slide-1
SLIDE 1

ANALYST PRESENTATION 1999

INVESTEC

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SLIDE 2

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

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SLIDE 3

Investec Summary of Results

1999 1998 % Change Headline Attributable Earnings (R’m) 857 572 49.8 Headline EPS (cents) Undiluted 1 077.5 790.1 36.4 Diluted 1 089.9 782.4 39.3 DPS (cents) 475 350 35.7 Assets Under Administration (R’m) 361 286 196 369 84.0

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SLIDE 4

Inhold Summary of Results

1999 1998 % Change Headline Attributable Earnings (R’m) 377 266 41.7 Headline EPS (cents) Undiluted 927.2 699.5 32.6 Diluted 994.5 677.0 46.9 DPS (cents) 425 300 41.7

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SLIDE 5

Headline Earnings & Dividends

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 DPS Diluted EPS

10 Year CAGR: Diluted EPS : 31.6 % DPS : 31.0 %

Cents

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SLIDE 6

INVESTEC IN PERSPECTIVE

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SLIDE 7

Changing Financial Landscape….

Financial Services Trends

“Bankers have long sought a level playing field, and in one sense, they now have one: everyone is equally uncertain

  • f what banking is evolving toward”
  • The Banking Journal, Feb ‘99
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SLIDE 8

“The Age of the Mega Merger”

“As new banking giants come into being, they are receiving sharp reminders that size does not equate to invulnerability...size alone can’t be viewed as the total answer for building competitiveness and shareholder value - especially in an era of market volatility”

  • Banking Strategies, Nov/Dec ‘98
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SLIDE 9

Implications for Investec

“As banks get larger and treat more and more people identically, that should open the door for niche players”

  • The Banking Journal, Feb ‘99
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SLIDE 10

Implications for Investec

Maintain sharp focus

  • n core areas of

strength

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SLIDE 11

Implications for Investec

⊕ Control Costs – avoid “niche revenues

with bulge -bracket costs”

⊕ Highly selective in terms of geography

and product range

⊕ Well managed

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SLIDE 12

Implications for Investec

⊕ Strong culture – retain staff ⊕ Tight rein on risk ⊕ Thorough local knowledge

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SLIDE 13

“You get bigger by being better. You don’t get better by being bigger”

  • The Banking Journal, Feb ‘99
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SLIDE 14

Investec Strategic Focus Mission

We aspire to be one of the world’s great specialist banking groups, driven by commitment to our core philosophies and values

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SLIDE 15

INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION

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SLIDE 16

International Strategy

“Arguably the most aggressive international strategy is that of Investec…this dynamic group has determined that stockholder value can best be obtained by a major shift in resources and earnings outside South Africa”

  • SA Banks: Strategy Games, NOMURA, Feb ‘99
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SLIDE 17

Integration Challenges

“As a result of expansion over the past 7 years, Investec is well placed to develop an efficient and cohesive business on an international scale”

  • Moody’s, Oct ‘98
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SLIDE 18

Integration Challenges

Moody’s Oct ‘98

2 Gresham Street, London

“Major challenge facing Investec – assimilation and integration of acquisitions”

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SLIDE 19

International Developments

⊕ Concluded Hambros PLC - August 1998 ⊕ Obtained banking license in Botswana

  • September 1998

⊕ ACSIS - November 1998 ⊕ Stuart Coleman & Co - January 1999

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SLIDE 20

Response to Developments

“Recent acquisitions raises the Group’s asset management and private banking profile considerably and could be beneficial in the long run”

  • Moody’s Oct ‘98
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SLIDE 21

Combined Capability & Integration Private Banking

⊕ Integration of Guinness Mahon significantly

enhances capability :

– Merged private banking operations with IBUK – Support services and treasury operations absorbed to maximise synergies with existing IBUK infrastructure – Expanded geographic reach and product range

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SLIDE 22

Review of Investec’s Private Banking Capability

Today 1999 Yesterday 1997 Long Ago 1994 Loan Book (R’m) 11 209 8 610 3 360 Staff 679 487 286

  • No. of clients

54 185 35 880 16 239

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SLIDE 23

The Result... Private Banking

One of a few South African financial services groups with a fully integrated private banking capability

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SLIDE 24

Combined Capability & Integration

Institutional Asset Management Merged Investec Asset Management with Guinness Flight Hambro to create Investec Guinness Flight

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SLIDE 25

Review of Investec’s Asset Management Capability

Today 1999 Yesterday 1997 Long Ago 1994 Institutional Assets under Management (R’bn) 112.6 28.5 2.7 Staff 435 136 24

  • No. of clients (incl.

unit trust funds) 1 627 442 300

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SLIDE 26

Review of Investec’s Asset Management Capability

Today 1999 Yesterday 1997 Long Ago 1994 Number of Retail Investors: South Africa 117 685 95 784 3 333 UK 37 000 Offshore 25 000 US 33 816 Jurisdictions:

SA UK Channel Islands SA Namibia USA Hong Kong Ireland Botswana SA Namibia Botswana Ireland 1994 1997 1999

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SLIDE 27

Private Client Asset Management

Combined Capability & Integration

Combined Carr Sheppards and Henderson Crosthwaite to create Carr Sheppards Crosthwaite

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SLIDE 28

Review of Investec’s Asset Management Capability

Today 1999 Yesterday 1997 Long Ago 1994 Private Client Assets under Management (R’bn) 74.472 39.484 0.3 Staff 583 439 2

  • No. of clients

70 160 35 120 70

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SLIDE 29

The Result... Asset Management

⊕ One of S.A.’s first global fund managers

– Among the top 25 UK non-life managers – Among the 100 largest non-US international fund management companies

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SLIDE 30

Integration Overall

⊕ Undergone intensive integration processes

with external consultants

⊕ Internationally - “all under one roof” ⊕ Co-operation and collaboration between major

financial centres within each business unit

⊕ Management acting in concert

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SLIDE 31

As a Result...International Capabilities

Switzerland 12 Hong Kong 19 Channel Islands 135 United Kingdom 966 439 United States Mauritius 10

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SLIDE 32

United States

⊕ Establishes retail broking presence

in the US –17 000 active accounts –140 brokers, represented in New York & Chicago –Non-discretionary funds under management of $1bn

⊕ Mutually beneficial gains for Ernst and Stuart

Coleman & Co –Clearing done by Ernst –Synergies already being realised ±$3m per annum

Stuart Coleman & Co

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SLIDE 33

As a Result...International Capabilities

Switzerland 12 Hong Kong 19 Australia 40 Channel Islands 135 United Kingdom 966 439 United States Mauritius 10

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SLIDE 34

Australia

ACSIS

⊕ Specialises in domestic and international

superannuation and unit trust products as a fund of fund operation

⊕ Excellent performance record ⊕ Currently manages > A$200 million ⊕ Represented in New South Wales, Victoria

and South Australia

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SLIDE 35

As a Result...International Capabilities

Israel 191 Switzerland 12 Hong Kong 19 Australia 40 Channel Islands 135 United Kingdom 966 439 United States Mauritius 10

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SLIDE 36

Israel

⊕ Financial Highlights(R’m) ⊕ First Israeli bank to launch comprehensive internet

banking facility, including securities trading system

⊕ Continued expansion into capital market activities − Elected onto TASE board, being one of the five

largest traders on the TASE

⊕ Developed domestic research capability

1998 1997 % Change NIBT 96.4 70.5 37% Total Assets 6 132 5 124 20%

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SLIDE 37

As a Result...International Capabilities

Israel 191 Mauritius 10 Switzerland 12 Hong Kong 19 Australia 40 Channel Islands 135 United Kingdom 966 439 United States South Africa 1909

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SLIDE 38

South Africa

⊕ Continue to build core areas of focus

– Acquisition of Johannesburg retail brokerage business of HSBC enhances domestic securities operations

⊕ Disinvestment from non-core activities

– Sale of DSB to Cadiz in exchange for equity – Sale of SIB to SIB Holdings in exchange for equity

Developments

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SLIDE 39

As a Result...Assets By Geography

62% 25% 6% 4% 3% UK South Africa Israel US Other

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SLIDE 40

As a Result…NIBT by Geography

49.5% 26.9% 11.7% 9.1% 2.8% South Africa UK Other Israel US

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SLIDE 41

As a Result...Foreign vs Domestic Income

29% 33% 35% 51%

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Domestic Foreign

26%

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SLIDE 42

GROUP PERFORMANCE

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SLIDE 43

Salient Financial Information

1999 1998 Market Capitalisation on a Diluted Basis R21.18bn R20.45bn Interest Income / Total Income 37.1% 46.6% Operating Expenses / Total Income 58.9% 54.7% Return on Average Shareholders’ Funds 18.8% 17.8% Return on Core Capital Employed 28.4% 22.2% Return on Risk Weighted Assets 2.5% 2.5%

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SLIDE 44

Salient Financial Features Balance Sheet (R’m)

31 March 1999 31 March 1998 % Increase Total Shareholders’ Funds 8 757 7 194 21.7 Total Assets 112 906 83 049 36.1 Advances 21 936 16 777 32.7

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SLIDE 45

Salient Financial Information

31 March 1999 31 March 1998 % incr. Net Interest Income 1 298 861 50.8 Provision for Bad & Doubtful Debts 223 104 114.4 Other Income 2 204 985 123.8 Operating Expenses 2 064 1 010 104.4 Net Income before Taxation 1 193 730 63.4 Attributable Earnings 835 570 46.5

Income Statement (R’m)

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SLIDE 46

Growth in Net Tangible Assets Per Share

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

10 year CAGR : 34.8 %

Cents

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SLIDE 47

Growth in Total Assets

20 40 60 80 100 120 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

10 year CAGR : 61.9 %

R’bn

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SLIDE 48

Growth in Assets Under Management

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

10 year CAGR : 68.2 %

R’bn

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SLIDE 49

Operating Income by Type

12.8% 32% 50% 5.2% Commission and Fees Margin Investment Income Trading

For the year ended 31 Mar ‘99

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SLIDE 50

Trading as a % of Total Income

5.2 11.6 7.5 6.7 11.9 15.3

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

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SLIDE 51

Annuity as a % of Total Income

69 53 73 83.2 67 77.4 81.1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

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SLIDE 52

DIVISIONAL PERFORMANCE

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SLIDE 53

Contribution Analysis

35% 19% 17% 14% 8% 7%

Corporate and Investment Banking Private Banking Asset Management Group Services & Other Activities Securities Activities Insurance

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SLIDE 54

Corporate and Investment Banking Trends

⊕ Notwithstanding emerging market

crisis, corporate activity buoyant following world-wide trend

⊕ Cross border activity increasing ⊕ Infrastructural development continues

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SLIDE 55

Corporate Finance

Developments

⊕ Completed Transactions

South Africa - 109

– 20 Listings/Capital Raisings – 62 M & A’s – 27 Unbundlings/Restructurings

United Kingdom - 40

– 22 IPO’s/Capital Raisings – 16 M & A’s – 2 Other

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SLIDE 56

Ernst & Young SA M&A League Tables

Investec’s Positioning

1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Number of Transactions 56 46 24 16 7 Ranking 3 2 3 3 5 Value of transactions (R’m) 38 806 3 068 2 044 1 683 396 Ranking 2 4 7 7 8

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SLIDE 57

Specialised Finance

⊕ Excellent profit performance ⊕ Cross border transactions a significant

contributor to performance

⊕ Expansion of certain activities into the UK ⊕ Substantial market penetration into top

50 corporate market

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SLIDE 58

Growth in Specialised Finance Book

1 2 3 4 5 6 1996 1997 1998 1999

0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0%

Assets ROA R’bn % ROA

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SLIDE 59

Specialised Finance

⊕ Structured Finance transactions completed -

R2,1bn

⊕ Public Sector Finance advisory mandates -

R6bn

⊕ Appointed advisor to British Football

Association for acquisition of Wembley Stadium

⊕ Awarded one of 25 Top Global Finance

Teams - Global Finance, Oct ‘98

– Rated no. 1 in Transportation Sector

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SLIDE 60

Treasury

Developments

⊕ Solid performance from all trading

areas

⊕ Restructure and consolidation of

divisions

– Synergies and significant cost savings – Enhancement of range of value-added specialist products

⊕ Launch of MarketMaker - first real time

Internet Treasury desk

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SLIDE 61

Private Banking Trends

⊕ Industry highly fragmented, with all

banks competing for piece of pie:

– By 2000, global market: $25 trillion – Annual average growth rate: 8%

⊕ Huge market not well served

– Lack of a clear-cut strategy and disciplined product methodology

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SLIDE 62

Private Banking

⊕ Differentiation of Investec Private Banking

  • ffering through:

– Consultant skills and emphasis on value added – Unique and innovative approach to advisory services - “integrated financial solutions” – Appropriate technology to facilitate

  • ffering - “Investec Connect”
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SLIDE 63

The Client…The Target

Unit Trusts Unit Trusts Property Property Syndication Syndication Lending Lending C r e d i t C r e d i t C a r d C a r d Forex Forex I M S I M S Private Private Trust Trust R e t a i l R e t a i l T r e a s u r y T r e a s u r y S t

  • c

k S t

  • c

k B r

  • k

i n g B r

  • k

i n g Head Head Office Office Risk Risk Accounts Accounts Facilities Facilities I.T. I.T. Admin. Admin. M a r k e t i n g M a r k e t i n g S u p p

  • r

t S u p p

  • r

t A n d A n d M i d d l e

  • f

f i c e M i d d l e

  • f

f i c e Product Product Service Service and and Specialists Specialists

Private Private Client Client Professional Professional E E

  • C
  • m

m e r c e C

  • m

m e r c e International International Comm Comm Centre Centre

Client Client

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SLIDE 64

What did your money do today?

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SLIDE 65

Investment Management Services

Developments

⊕ Return to profitability

– Systems stabilised – Several new and innovative products – Recognised as one of the best linked product providers

⊕ Book value at 31 March 1999: ± R8bn ⊕ Strategy to continue concentrating on top

end of the market

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SLIDE 66

Asset Management

Trends

⊕ Consolidation continues ⊕ Global move towards defined contribution

schemes

⊕ Market moving towards international

standards

– Need to be an international player, a priority

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SLIDE 67

Asset Management

⊕ Redefined presence in market place ⊕ Global third party assets under management: £23bn

– strong new institutional business inflows

⊕ Challenges going forward:

– Continued growth in SA – Strengthen UK domestic presence – Expansion of pension market products and distribution arrangements

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SLIDE 68

Growth of Unit Trusts

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

4 year CAGR : 145.2 %

R’bn

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SLIDE 69

Comparative Unit Trust Market Value

  • f Assets - March ‘99

R’bn

Coronation Sanlam Investec Old Mutual NIB BOE

5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Non - South African South African Source: Investec Securities

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SLIDE 70

Highlights of the Past Year Performance Highlights

⊕ SA Institutional:

– Ranked 1st in 3 & 5yrs by Alexander Forbes Large Manager Watch (Mar ‘99)

⊕ SA Unit trusts:

– 1yr - 3 funds in top 5 out of 151 funds – 3yr - 2 funds in top 5 out of 86 funds

⊕ Global Fixed Income & Currency Funds:

– >70% of funds in upper quartiles

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SLIDE 71

Securities Activities

Developments

⊕ Dramatic improvement of Investec’s

position in the equities market over the past year

⊕ Streamlined and restructured activities to

derive greater focus:

– Private Client Portfolio Management

Private Banking

– Institutional Broking and Research

Stronger ties with Corporate Finance

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SLIDE 72

Securities Activities

Financial Mail Ratings

1999 1998 1997 Equities sector only – weighted by market capital 4 7 8 Best dealing – equities 7 10

  • Number of top rated

analysts per sector 4 3 2

  • No. of analysts in top

six across sectors 17 14 11

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SLIDE 73

Securities Activities

International Developments

⊕ Further integration of the London team with

Henderson Crosthwaite Institutional Broking

– Enhances Investec’s distribution capabilities in the UK and Europe

⊕ Conclusion of a distribution strategy at

Ernst & Co for SA and Israeli Equities

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SLIDE 74

Property

Developments

⊕ Negative impact of high interest rates, shrinking

investor appetite and institutional overhang

– Last quarter witnessed the return of investors to market

⊕ Remain a highly selective niche player seeking

quality, limited risk property opportunities

⊕ Investment in Investec Property PLC

increased to 100%

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SLIDE 75

Fedsure Investment

⊕ Salient Financial Information:

– Operational earnings per share 38% – Dividends per share 33% – Share price 40%

⊕ Continue historical relationship with each

party remaining focused and niched despite proliferation of bancassurance trend

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SLIDE 76

ORGANIC vs PURCHASED GROWTH

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SLIDE 77

Argument for Acquisitions

“A merger that supports the overall strategy

  • f the acquirer strengthens its product

portfolio, helps it establish local market power and builds up its dominance in strategic market segments”

  • McKinsey Quarterly, No 1, ‘99
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SLIDE 78

Organic Growth in Income

37.3% 32.2% 34.7% 41.3% 30.7% 18.8% 25.4% 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

R’m

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SLIDE 79

Organic Growth in Expenses R’m

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 21.9% 15.3% 16.6% 38.2% 28.1% 20.1% 35.6%

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SLIDE 80

Organic Growth in Net Income R’m

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 54.5% 60% 57.6% 58.9% 46.2% 71.3% 54.9%

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SLIDE 81

Organic vs. Purchased Growth

  • Advances

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 1996 1997 1998 1999

Organic Purchased

R’m

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SLIDE 82

Organic vs. Purchased Growth - Asset Management

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Organic Purchased

R’bn

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SLIDE 83

RISK MANAGEMENT/ASSET QUALITY

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SLIDE 84

“Move over buddy, before we crash” …said the Risk Manager to the Trader

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SLIDE 85

Risk Management

Developments

⊕ Purchase of Ricos

– First phase testing - implementation Sept ‘99

⊕ Implementation of RiskWatch on all major

trading books

⊕ Value added risk management across all

divisions

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SLIDE 86

Loan Portfolio 1999

43.2% 33.3% 15.3% 8.2%

Private Client and Medium Corporate Corporate Professional Other

By Client

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SLIDE 87

Loan Portfolio 1999

52.1% 17.1% 8.4% 9.9% South Africa UK Other Israel USA

By Geography

12.5%

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SLIDE 88

Bad Debt Charge

1.1 0.71 0.53 0.58 0.8 0.94 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

% of Average Advances

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SLIDE 89

Total Non Performing Loans

2.7 3 2.6 1.8 2 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

% Total Loans and Advances

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SLIDE 90

Specific Provisions

77.1 72.7 51.5 59.3 68.9 20 40 60 80 100 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

% Non Performing Loans

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SLIDE 91

Value at Risk

Value at Risk Limit SA Operations 21 466 000 40 800 000 UK Operations 1 753 850 2 650 000 US Operations 4 402 678 5 300 000 Israeli Operations 478 876 985 000 28 101 404 49 735 000

Total Value at Risk - stress tested to 15

standard deviations: R163 706 126

Rands

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SLIDE 92

OPERATIONAL ISSUES

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SLIDE 93

Operational Gains

“Unlike past merger booms, however, this endgame is less about empire building and more about deploying capital productively, lowering costs and locking in continuous productivity gains ….. and increasing annuity revenue as a means to increase shareholder value”

  • National Association of Business Economics, Oct ‘98
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SLIDE 94

Deploying Capital Productivity Overview

⊕ Shift in focus from strengthening

capital base to more effective utilisation of capital

⊕ Emphasis on increasing ROE versus

increasing nominal value

slide-95
SLIDE 95

Deploying Capital Productivity...

Capital Ratios 31 Mar ‘99 31 Mar ‘98 Targets Return on Average Shareholders’ Funds 18.8% 17.8% 25% Return on Core Capital Employed 28.4% 22.2% 30% Return on Risk Weighted Assets 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%

slide-96
SLIDE 96

Capital Adequacy Specifics

⊕ Risk Weighted Ratio :

Rand Value (m) Percentage Tier One 4 886 14.4 Tier Two 283 0.9 Total 5 169 15.2

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SLIDE 97

Lowering Costs...

“Investec reports one of the best efficiency levels, with non-interest expense hovering around 55% for the last 5 years”

  • Moody’s, Oct ‘98

⊕ Current Cost to Income higher than

normal - will decrease as integration progresses

⊕ Target Cost to Income Ratios:

– Domestic: 40% – International: 60%

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SLIDE 98

Expenses as a % of Income

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

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SLIDE 99

Cost to Income Ratio (%)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 SA UK Other

1998 1999

Group Ratio: 58.9 %

By Geography

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SLIDE 100

Cost to Income Ratio (%)

Banking versus Non Banking

Group Ratio: 58.9 %

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Banking Non Banking 1998 1999

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SLIDE 101

Information Technology

Developments

⊕ Philosophy to make IT a core

competence within a strict cost control environment

– Introduction of Spend and Risk Forum

⊕ Internationalisation of IT a priority

– Global infrastructure designed – Roll out throughout the Group

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SLIDE 102

Y2K

“Time for an Upgrade”

slide-103
SLIDE 103

Y2K Situation

⊕ All Core Systems Complete

– Except new systems being installed which are certified Y2K compliant

  • Project Installation Complete

July 1999

⊕ PC Testing

  • SA Complete
  • International Initiated

July 1999

⊕ All Critical Connectivity Tested

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SLIDE 104

Y2K Situation

⊕ Business Risk

– Ongoing Y2K assessment of all new transactions and existing exposures

⊕ Contingency Management Initiated

– Prime focus of Y2K Project from all aspects:

  • Internal = Systems and Facilities
  • External = Clients, Suppliers, Vendors,

Counterparties

⊕ Total Y2K expenditure for year: R9m

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SLIDE 105

Corporate Social Investment

⊕ Creation of a dedicated forum to oversee

focused investment on:

– Education – Business and entrepreneurial development – Crime Prevention

⊕ Percentage of SA post tax profits

dedicated towards meaningful and relevant initiatives

slide-106
SLIDE 106

People

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Staff Complement

slide-107
SLIDE 107

Staff Turnover

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

Percent

slide-108
SLIDE 108

Contribution Per Employee

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Based on income before minority interests and average number of employees

R’000

slide-109
SLIDE 109

LOOKING FORWARD

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SLIDE 110

1999 Milestones

⊕ 1999 was a year in which substantial strategic

developments took place:

– Crystallised global asset management and private banking

  • ffering

– Enhanced cross border investment banking capability – Well down the road of successful integration of acquisitions – Streamlined business operations, both domestically and internationally, to provide a meaningful and holistic offering to the client

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SLIDE 111

In Conclusion

“The companies that will prosper and

  • utpace their competitors during the

next two decades will be those that will be able to outthink their competitors strategically, not

  • utmuscle them operationally”
  • Management Today, May ‘98
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SLIDE 112

In Conclusion

“Investec’s strategy is an interesting useful example of successful strategic positioning”

  • SA Banks : Strategy Games, NOMURA, Feb ‘99