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Advancing In Information and Communication Technologies

Solutions for Climate Smart Agricultural Practices using a Geographic Information System (GIS)

Presenter: Shivani Dawn Seepersad September,2019

Funded by the CARICOM Japan Friendship Cooperation Fund

Use of f GIS-ICT f for Climate Smart Agricultural Practices

• Collect space, time and

agricultural data

• Model potential effects of

climate change on farms

• Develop maps to inform

decision making

Use of f GIS-ICT f for Climate Smart Agricultural Practices

Use of GIS-ICT to: 1.Determine agricultural risk 2.Understand farm soil fertility 3.Plan water management interventions 4.Determine farm supply capabilities

What is is a Geographic In Information System (G (GIS)?

Name X Y Susceptibility to drought John Smith

• 61.0148

13.7931 High

Susceptibility of Farms to Drought

Following Hurricane Tomas:

• Seven dead / missing as a result of landsliding
• Major sections of primary road network impassable
• Communities completely isolated
• US$45M damage to road transport sector

Arnold (2017)

Use of GIS-ICT to determine agricultural risk to landslides

Satellite image from 2011 showing the large number of landslides triggered by the 2010 Hurricane Tomas

The World Bank and CHARIM (2016) RapidEye image https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ Access satellite images here:

Debris flow in the Ti Rocher, Trois Pitons caused by Hurricane Tomas (2010):

• Identified on the satellite image of 2011
• Difficult to identify in satellite image of 2012
• Important to acquire images soon after the event

Landslide inventory

Slope

Data used to Id Identify fy Areas at Ris isk due to Landslide

Soil type Environmental factors:

Trigger: Rainfall

Very high High Low Very low

Susceptibility of farms to landslides

• St. Lucia’s National Landslide Susceptibility Map

Very high High

Farms at high and very high susceptibility to landslide

Table 1: Farms with High and Moderate Susceptibility to Landslides (2019) Farmer’s ID Name X Y Susceptibility 2 Afania Smith/Trius Belas

• 61.0148

13.7931 High 3 Agatha Eudovique

• 60.942

14.0128 High 4 Alban Ford

• 60.95941

14.02009 Moderate 17 Brandel St. Brice

• 61.0518

13.8056 High 34 George Alcee

• 61.0022

13.9478 Moderate 37 Gideon Cazaubon

• 60.9852

13.9597 High 40 Hazel Moise

• 60.95533

13.94439 High 48 Jalan Edwin

• 60.9819

13.7658 Moderate 61 Linus Lovence

• 60.9631

13.8107 Moderate 68 Marva Placide

• 61.00306

13.77379 Moderate 69 Mary Louis

• 60.9255

13.8333 Moderate Patrick Gilbert

• 60.9903

13.9571 High 86 Rosemand Aldonza

• 60.9631

13.8018 Moderate 88 Shamina Edwin

• 60.9814

13.7651 Moderate 89 Sheldon Wilson

• 60.9851

13.9597 High 101 Thomas Isidore

• 60.991

13.9574 High 107 Vince Dolcy

• 60.944

14.0069 Moderate 108 Vitalis Joseph

• 61.0161

13.7773 High 72 Montanus Smith

• 60.896

13.8408 Moderate 95 Simon Solomon

• 60.9526

13.8209 High 102 Titus Williams

• 60.95822

13.796185 High

Slope of Land on Farms across Saint Lucia

Farm ID Name X Y Slope (deg) Soil Type Farmi ng Syste m Crop 3 Agatha Eudovi que

• 60.942

14.0128 26 Canelles Clay Exten sive Celery, mint, parsley 44 Ines Celesti n

• 60.906

4 13.7984 22 Latille Clay Loam Exten sive Cucumber, melon, squash, cassava, banana 46 Ismael Clifford

• 60.950

42 14.0500 6 31 Hardy Clay Exten sive Plantain, banana, pumpkin, macabou, cane 63 Lorna St.Ange

• 60.917

45 14.0433 3 22 Hardy Clay Exten sive Cucumber, cantaloupe,

• kra, melon, tomato

68 Marva Placide

• 61.003

06 13.7737 9 24 Micoud Gritty Clay Exten sive Lettuce, cucumber, broccoli 91 Shoann Renee Charles

• 60.912

08 14.0422 1 22 Hardy Clay Exten sive Watermelon 101 Thoma s Isidore

• 60.991

13.9574 21 Warwick Clay Exten sive Yam, cush cush, sweet cassava

Every year in rainy season, many farms experience damage to crops and livestock due to floods or excessive rainfall Use of GIS-ICT to determine agricultural risk to floods

Elevation of the land Land use land cover:

Built area Natural vegetation

Data used to Id Identify fy Areas at Ris isk due to Flash Flo lood

Soil type Rainfall

National Flood Risk Map of Saint Lucia

At risk of flood

Farm likely to experience flash floods

Is your farm at risk due to floods?

How can losses due to flash floods be prevented?

Farm likely to experience flash floods

Activity: You have been provided with ground-based data collected from the ground surveying CARDI team in Table 3.

• 1. How can this data be used to develop a flood risk management plan for the agriculture

sector in St Lucia?

• 2. What parts of the country are most susceptible to floods due to heavy rainfall? Can you

tell from Table 3?

• 3. When there is heavy rainfall, the excess water caused by the precipitation affects the

agricultural area where the water drainage system is absent causing inundation. Flood due to overflow ultimately forms small tributaries and joins the river, creating a situation

• f flood in the vicinity of riverbanks and river plains. Using the map below, how can this

be used in damage assessment caused by flood? How can it improve the role of land use planning in managing flood risk?

Use of GIS-ICT to understand soil fertility

Farm Attributes of the soil at each farm Use of GIS-ICT to understand farm soil fertility

SOIL TYPE

Activity: 1.How can a fertilizer supply company, for example, use this soil and land data to better anticipate how much fertilizer will be needed in specific regions of St Lucia? 2.How much agriculture is possible without land? 3.How much will agriculture be successful without knowing key land characteristics such as soil properties? 4.How will the land type on GIS maps help the farmer’s decision when looking to buy land?

Use of ICT to plan water management interventions Shivani Seepersad

To grow crops optimally, it is necessary to have water

Use of GIS-ICT plan water management interventions

Farm without irrigation River Water intake point

Info about selected farm: High susceptibility to drought Located along a river – has water during dry season? Distance from water intake: 2 km Slope of land: 15 degrees Elevation: 196 m above mean sea level

• St. Lucia’s Drought Hazard Map

Use of GIS-ICT to inform water management interventions

Activity

• 1. As a stakeholder in the agricultural sector, how does this GIS map showing

the farms without irrigation help you to visualize the susceptibility of St Lucia’s food supply capabilities to climate change?

• 2. Suppose you are the procurement manager of a major hotel chain in St

Lucia, how would you feel about the capabilities of farmers to meet your supply requirement.

• 3. What would you recommend to the Planning Officers of the Ministry of

Agriculture in terms of dealing with the “water for agriculture” issue?

• 4. Looking at the distribution of farms with irrigation, is this adequate to meet

the country’s food demands in the dry season?

• 5. Do you think the country is susceptible?

Using weather data and market information, one can make more accurate and reliable crop estimates and help reduce uncertainty. Use of GIS-ICT to inform farm supply capabilities

Rainfall from January – April, 2010 Rainfall from January – April, 2013 Rainfall from January – April, 2014