A Theory of A Theory of Elastic Presentation Space Elastic - PDF document

A Theory of A Theory of Elastic Presentation Space Elastic Presentation Space Sheelagh Carpendale Sheelagh Carpendale Overview Overview • Presentation space • Presentation space • The framework • The framework • Generalizing the framework • Generalizing the framework • Extensions • Extensions 1

introduction introduction A Presentation Problem A Presentation Problem Insufficient detail Insufficient detail Insufficient context Insufficient context introduction introduction A Presentation Problem A Presentation Problem Insets Insets • have detail • have detail • have some context • have some context • lose local context • lose local context • not detail-in-context • not detail-in-context 2

introduction introduction A Presentation Problem A Presentation Problem Separate views Separate views • have detail • have detail • have context • have context • not detail-in-context • not detail-in-context introduction introduction Detail-in-Context Detail-in-Context 3

framework: EPS framework: EPS Detail-in-Context Detail-in-Context Desired Functionality • Detail-in-context • Detail-in-context • Choice of focal shape • Choice of focal shape • Freedom of focal location • Freedom of focal location • Multiple foci • Multiple foci • Smooth integration • Smooth integration • Magnification to scale • Magnification to scale 4

Elastic Presentation Space? Elastic Presentation Space? • ‘elastic’ in the sense that adjustments and • ‘elastic’ in the sense that adjustments and re-organizations are readily revertible re-organizations are readily revertible • taking advantage of the ability to • taking advantage of the ability to interactively change presentations over time interactively change presentations over time • recognized by others - Stretch Tools (Sarkar et al.), • recognized by others - Stretch Tools (Sarkar et al.), Rubber Sheet (Sarkar & Brown), Malleable Graphics (Chuah et al.), Rubber Sheet (Sarkar & Brown), Malleable Graphics (Chuah et al.), Pliable Surfaces, Elastic Labels (Iturriaga & Lubiw), Elastic Windows Pliable Surfaces, Elastic Labels (Iturriaga & Lubiw), Elastic Windows (Kandogan & Shneiderman) (Kandogan & Shneiderman) Motivation-why a Framework? Motivation-why a Framework? • understanding ‘presentation’ space elasticity • understanding ‘presentation’ space elasticity – many ‘point’ solutions – many ‘point’ solutions – all distinct - visually and algorithmically – all distinct - visually and algorithmically • a geometric framework • a geometric framework – unites algorithmically – unites algorithmically – supports extrapolation between methods it unites – supports extrapolation between methods it unites – supports inclusion of more than one presentation method – supports inclusion of more than one presentation method in a given interaction in a given interaction • facing the dilemma ‘which is best?’ • facing the dilemma ‘which is best?’ • making EPF accessible - the EPF library • making EPF accessible - the EPF library 5

Multi-Scale Views: Multi-Scale Views: 2D based approaches 2D based approaches • Spatially adjust a given 2D layout to • Spatially adjust a given 2D layout to another 2D layout another 2D layout • Transformation function adjusts x and/or y • Transformation function adjusts x and/or y (Kadmon & Shlomi, Spence & Apperley, Keahey & Robertson) (Kadmon & Shlomi, Spence & Apperley, Keahey & Robertson) • Magnification function is the derivative • Magnification function is the derivative • Reversing is non-trivial (Keahey & Robertson) • Reversing is non-trivial (Keahey & Robertson) Multi-Scale Views: Multi-Scale Views: 3D based approaches 3D based approaches • Two step process: • Two step process: • Surface manipulation in 3D • Surface manipulation in 3D • Perspective projection • Perspective projection • Creates apparent transformation in 2D • Creates apparent transformation in 2D • Simple relationship between magnification • Simple relationship between magnification and transformation and transformation 6

The Framework • Place 2D representation on a surface • Place 2D representation on a surface • Place surface in three dimensions • Place surface in three dimensions • Manipulate the surface • Manipulate the surface • Display the result through perspective • Display the result through perspective projection projection Detail in Context Detail in Context 7

framework: EPS framework: EPS EPS EPS reference viewpoint reference viewpoint reference view plane reference view plane central axis central axis base plane base plane framework: EPS framework: EPS Providing a single focus Providing a single focus h f h f d p d p p i p i p i p i h p h p f c f c f c f c p i d p f c p i d p f c . - -((d p ) 2 /o ) h p = h f exp h p = h f exp 8

Components of a EPF Lens focal connection focal centre focal connection focal centre central alignment vector context connection central alignment vector context connection context distortion focus distortion context context distortion focus distortion context lens lens Magnification reference viewpoint reference viewpoint x m /d b = x i /(d b - h f ) x m /d b = x i /(d b - h f ) view plane view plane mag = x m /x i = (d b /(d b - h f )) mag = x m /x i = (d b /(d b - h f )) d b d b h f = d b - (d b /mag ) h f = d b - (d b /mag ) h f h f base plane base plane x i x m x i x m 9

Magnification Magnification • on demand • on demand • to scale • to scale • infinite (within the • infinite (within the numerical resolution of numerical resolution of the computer) the computer) h f = d b - (d b /mag ) h f = d b - (d b /mag ) Adjusting a drop-off function adjusting adjusting magnification magnification adjusting focal radius adjusting focal radius (0, 1) (0, 1) linear drop-off linear drop-off (0, 0) (0, 0) (1, 0) (1, 0) adjusting lens radius adjusting lens radius 10

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Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape 12

Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape 13

Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape 14

Arbitrary Focal Shape Arbitrary Focal Shape 15

framework: EPS framework: EPS Single Centred Focus Single Centred Focus 16

framework: EPS framework: EPS Off-Centre Focus Off-Centre Focus framework: EPS framework: EPS Off-Centre Focus Off-Centre Focus 17

framework: EPS framework: EPS Previous Solutions • Freeze the distortion, move the information Perspective Wall (Mackinley et al.), Hyperbolic Browser (Rao & Card) • Move the viewpoint Document Lens (Robertson & Mackinley), framework: EPS framework: EPS Converging Vectors Converging Vectors 18

framework: EPS framework: EPS Our Solution Our Solution framework: EPS framework: EPS Normalizing Vectors Normalizing Vectors normalized vectors normalized vectors Z normalized vectors Z normalized vectors 19

framework: EPS framework: EPS Buckling Buckling framework: EPS framework: EPS Resolving Buckling Resolving Buckling 20

framework: EPS framework: EPS Blended Vectors Blended Vectors framework: EPS framework: EPS Blended Surface Blended Surface 21

framework: EPS framework: EPS Multiple Foci Multiple Foci Multiple Foci Multiple Foci 22

DEMO 23