2020 Q2 BUDGET TO ACTUALS August 11, 2020
8/5/2020 1
2020 Q2 BUDGET TO ACTUALS August 11, 2020 8/5/2020 1 Grant PUD | - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
2020 Q2 BUDGET TO ACTUALS August 11, 2020 8/5/2020 1 Grant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020 2020 DIRECTS YEAR-END PROJECTION OVERVIEW % of YEP Under 2020 Year-End 2020 Budget 2020 YTD Annual YEP Variance $ Variance Budget / Projection
2020 Q2 BUDGET TO ACTUALS August 11, 2020
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Grant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020
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primarily to higher than planned Capital spending
2020 DIRECTS YEAR-END PROJECTION OVERVIEW
2020 Budget 2020 YTD % of Annual Budget 2020 Year-End Projection YEP Variance $ YEP Variance % Under Budget / Over Budget Direct O&M 54,632,583 $ 21,129,842 $ 39% 53,914,910 $ (717,673) $
Under Budget Direct Labor 77,100,957 $ 37,610,466 $ 49% 76,169,132 $ (931,825) $
Under Budget Direct Capital 105,249,571 $ 36,193,893 $ 34% 109,944,363 $ 4,694,792 $ 4% Over Budget 2020 Directs Total 236,983,111 $ 94,934,202 $ 40% 240,028,406 $ 3,045,295 $ 1% Over Budget
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2020 YEAR-END DIRECT O&M BY FUNCTIONAL AREA
spending is under budget by $0.7M
Study $188k. Expect FERC License fee lower by $400k
Risk Assessment and $330k increase in GuardForce contract. Expect more Technology Roadmap expenses to move from O&M to Capital by year end
Direct O&M by Group
Functional Area 2020 Budget 2020 YTD YTD % of Annual Budget 2020 Year End Projection YEP Variance $ YEP Variance % Under Budget / Over Budget Board of Commission 91,000 $ 6,117 $ 7% 66,613 $ (24,388) $
Under Budget General Manager 754,208 $ 402,837 $ 53% 779,981 $ 25,773 $ 3% Over Budget Attorney 881,960 $ 125,475 $ 14% 881,960 $ $ 0% Under Budget Chief Customer Officer 4,505,109 $ 3,096,971 $ 69% 4,685,037 $ 179,928 $ 4% Over Budget Chief Operating Officer 30,978,971 $ 10,183,298 $ 33% 28,505,175 $ (2,473,795) $
Under Budget Chief Financial Officer 17,301,365 $ 7,287,192 $ 42% 18,929,532 $ 1,628,168 $ 9% Over Budget Merchant Wholesale Telecom 119,971 $ 27,953 $ 23% 66,613 $ (53,359) $
Under Budget 54,632,583 $ 21,129,842 $ 39% 53,914,910 $ (717,673) $
Under Budget 2020 Direct O&M
Grant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020
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partially cover insufficient FTR
Grant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020
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2020 YEAR-END DIRECT LABOR BY FUNCTIONAL AREA
in the 2020 budget
due to Covid-19 restrictions currently leave this group currently projecting lower headcount
Direct Labor by Group
Department Functional Area 2020 Labor Budget 2020 Labor YTD YTD % of Annual Budget 2020 Labor YEP YEP Variance $ YEP Variance % Under Budget / Over Budget
AA0000
Board of Commission 167,680 $ 91,950 $ 55% 209,680 $ 42,000 $ 25% Over Budget
BA0000
General Manager 637,820 $ 326,763 $ 51% 590,108 $ (47,712) $
Under Budget
CA0000
Attorney 389,263 $ 193,674 $ 50% 366,137 $ (23,126) $
Under Budget
DA0000
Chief Customer Officer 7,121,027 $ 3,355,885 $ 47% 7,257,212 $ 136,185 $ 2% Over Budget
EA0000
Chief Operating Officer 55,363,881 $ 26,744,298 $ 48% 53,801,634 $ (1,562,246) $
Under Budget
FA0000
Chief Financial Officer 13,260,821 $ 6,815,463 $ 51% 13,776,245 $ 515,424 $ 4% Over Budget
GA0000
Merchant Wholesale Telecom 160,466 $ 82,433 $ 51% 168,116 $ 7,650 $ 5% Over Budget 77,100,957 $ 37,610,466 $ 49% 76,169,132 $ (931,825) $
Under Budget 2020 Direct Labor
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2020 YEAR-END DIRECT CAPITAL – PROJECT PORTFOLIO
Theory – The Project Confidence Factor (PCF)
Estimate types & % obejctives
(1) - ROM objective: -50% to +75% (2) - Preliminary estimate objective: -15% to +50% (3) - Budget estimate objective: -10% to +25% (4) - Definitive estimate objective: -5% to +10%
Collecting Selecting Initiate/Planning Executing Closing ROM Preliminary Budget Definitive Final
Project Phase
20% 60% 85% 95% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Collecting Selecting Initiate/Planning Executing ClosingProject Budget Dollar Confidence at Project Phase (%)
Curve is applied to individual project budgets.
estimated capital spend
information accuracy has increased.
confidence in our estimate capital spending for the whole portfolio.
Project Portfolio Group ($M) 2020 Project Budget 2020 Capital Portfolio Budget Project Confidence Adj IS/Facilities 40.5 $ 9.4 $ 77% Power Delivery 37.5 $ 16.7 $ 55% Power Production 70.4 $ 56.8 $ 19% Technology 13.8 $ 3.4 $ 76% Fiber/Other 20.9 $ 18.9 $ 9% TOTAL 183.1 $ 105.2 $ 43% Project Portfolio Group ($M) Q2 2020 Project Budget Q2 2020 Capital Portfolio YEP Project Confidence Adj IS/Facilities 30.9 $ 13.1 $ 58% Power Delivery 28.6 $ 26.3 $ 8% Power Production 43.8 $ 39.8 $ 9% Technology 10.1 $ 4.9 $ 51% Fiber/Other 27.0 $ 25.9 $ 4% TOTAL 140.5 $ 109.9 $ 22%
30% 2% 32% 36%2020 Budget Project Status Composition
Collect Select Initiate/Planning Executing/Closing 3% 4% 22% 71%Q2 2020 Project Status Composition
Collect Select Initiate/Planning Executing/ClosingGrant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020
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2020 YEAR-END DIRECT CAPITAL – PROJECT PORTFOLIO
Current Capital Portfolio is $4.7M over the 2020 Budget.
increase in Fitness/Purchases and to a lesser degree Transformative work.
increased expected capital spend through 2020, with the exception
variances continue to be a drag on project
with the expansion of capital work scope across the whole portfolio.
remain small.
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2020 YEAR-END PROJECTION LOADED O&M & CAPITAL
75% O&M / 25% Capital
85% O&M / 15% Capital or
Grant PUD | BUDGET TO ACTUALS Q2 2020
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COMMISSION BUDGET REVIEW 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
8/5/2020 1
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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2021 BUDGET TIMELINE
AUGUST 8/11/20 Commission reviews preliminary budget presentation and preliminary budget filing 8/25/20 RCW budget filing resolution approval SEPTEMBER 9/22/20 Commission review of public materials for hearing 9/22/20 Advertising of public hearings, 2 weeks prior to first hearing OCTOBER 10/7/20 Public hearing materials available to the public (1 week prior to first hearing) 10/13/20 Commission opens RCW budget process. Public budget hearings to be held during the month of October 2020. 10/27/20 Commission review final budget and forecast 11/10/20 Anticipated Commission adoption of budget and forecast
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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ANTICIPATED CHANGES BETWEEN PRELIMINARY AND FINAL BUDGETS
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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*figures shown in thousands ($000)
Exhibit A - Summary of Budget Items Actuals Forecast Forecast Probable Impacted 2019 2020 2021 Change By Electric O&M 53,400 58,202 59,653
h
Power Delivery PRP O&M 74,162 75,594 77,612
h
Power Production & PMO TOTAL O&M 127,562 133,796 137,265
h
TAXES 17,886 17,266 18,530
g
ELECTRIC CAPITAL 57,158 68,890 59,561
g
PRP CAPITAL 66,512 58,611 79,607
g
DEBT SERVICE (net of rebates) 87,756 72,585 75,162
i
TOTAL EXPENDITURES 356,874 351,147 370,124 Expenditure offsets for deduction Contributions in Aid of Construction (8,511) (2,300) (4,501)
h
Update for new Cust. Requests Sales to Power Purchasers at Cost (29,443) (26,990) (18,889)
h
Expect Lower Retail Load Net Power (+ Expense, - Revenue) (69,381) (84,143) (81,529)
g
Conservation Loans (13) (125) (125)
g
TOTAL EXPENDITURE OFFSETS (107,348) (113,557) (105,044)
h
TOTAL BUDGETED EXPENDITURES 249,526 237,590 265,080
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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(EXHIBIT B)
*figures shown in thousands ($000)
Exhibit B Actuals Forecast Forecast Probable Impacted CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE 2019 2020 2021 Change By Sales to Power Purchasers at Cost 29,443 26,990 18,889
h
Expect Lower Retail Load Retail Energy Sales 209,896 206,323 225,162
i
Expect Lower Retail Load Net Power (Net Wholesale+Other Power Revenue) 69,381 84,143 81,529
g
Fiber Optic Network Sales 9,431 9,762 10,668
g
Other Revenues 2,532 1,314 1,725
g
Operating Expenses (127,562) (133,796) (137,265)
h
Increased O&M Taxes (17,886) (17,266) (18,530)
g
Net Operating Income(Loss) Before Depreciation 175,235 177,470 182,178
i
Depreciation and amortization (76,588) (75,718) (75,896)
g
Net Operating Income (Loss) 98,647 101,752 106,282
i
Other Revenues (Expenses) Interest, debt and other income (23,279) (36,126) (40,530)
g
CIAC 8,511 2,300 4,501
h
Update for new Cust. Requests Change in Net Position 83,880 67,926 70,253
i
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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*figures shown in thousands ($000)
expected
projects moving forward toward accomplishing the Strategic Plan Key Objectives
Actuals Forecast Forecast Probable Impacted Target 2019 2020 2021 Change By NET INCOME 83,880 67,926 70,253
i
Lower Retail Sales, Higher O&M LIQUIDITY (measured at year end) Elect System Liquidity (Rev + R&C) $105 MM 134,841 108,575 110,048
g
Excess Liquidity 67,562 54,815 55,006
i
Lower Income, so less cash Days Cash On Hand > 250 624 456 450
i
LEVERAGE Consolidated DSC >1.8x 2.13 2.20 2.42
i
Consolidated Debt/Plant Ratio ≤ 60% 57.4% 51.8% 50.0%
i
Less cash for JLB PROFITABILITY
>4% 3.8% 3.0% 3.0%
i
Lower Net Income Retail Op Ratio (assumes baseline capital) ≤ 100% 106% 108% 106%
i
Lower Net Income
Grant PUD | 2021 PRELIMINARY BUDGET
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transmission and distribution system. Current work protocols include:
groups
ARCOS, to respond to needs and emergencies
WCOE 04/2020 2
Equipment/Material/Contracts:
crews,…
the county. This effort is a product of the CT Site Audit completed last year.
WCOE 04/2020 3
Electric Shop:
WCOE 04/2020 4
Meter/Relay Shop:
WCOE 04/2020 5
Electronic/Fiber Technicians:
task tracking and provide an efficient means to address call outs. This effort includes cross-divisional training to utilize after-hours personnel such as the security staff to initiate crew responses
increasing their band with and prolonging replacement.
have ever experienced.
WCOE 04/2020 6
Line Update:
WCOE 08/2020 7
Pole Fire Mitigation:
WCOE 04/2020 8
WCOE 02/2020
11
Powering our way of life.
Commission Update – August 2020
Vision: To be invisible and indispensable in the delivery of GCPUD’s services to the people of Grant County. Mission: To enable cost-efficient, error-free operation and timely decision making through technology that anticipates needs, silently solves everyday issues, and presents highly consumable, relevant information to stakeholders and users, regardless of where they are, when they need it, or how they wish to access it. .
Office 365 Project Team
Jesse Brazill - Agile Project Manager
Reyes, Julianne Hanley, Joshika Suresh, Change Agent Team (CATs) Service Desk Team
Amanda Hall, Brock McCrady, Ceidwen Martin
A large number of folks within the Enterprise Technology Team stepped up to rapidly transition Grant PUD to work from home. Ops, Cyber Security, Software Engineering and Enterprise Apps teams all played a roll. These groups made a particularly
groundwork previously completed for remote access and operations, including customer service call-center capabilities. (Microsoft Teams, OneDrive, Citrix Upgrade, VPN, MFA)
capabilities (PowerBI) encompassing meter data, timesheet info, billing information and financials. Next steps – Build-out standard operations dashboard templates and data sources.
improved resiliency, global sharing and access, improved and ongoing capability improvements. Next steps – Complete SharePoint migration for all group sites with upgraded workflow and automation.
Next Steps – Strategic implementation of available capabilities of Maximo.
Next steps – Improve and expand automated data interfaces eliminating manual data entry of work orders from customer service.
Notes
performance remain high. PlatOps is in transition with many new technologies.
entrance will improve compliance against “accidental tail-gaiting”
staffing causes impacts across teams
*CIP, Annual State Audit, and Independent Audit indicators reflect last fully completed audits.
IT Performance Scorecard –2020 (through Q2)
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 O&M Budget to Actuals
(On Track=Green, Over but may recover=Yellow, Over will not recover=Red)
Capital Budget to Actuals
(On Track=Green, Over but may recover=Yellow, Over will not recover=Red)
Labor Budget to Actuals
(On Track=Green, Over but may recover=Yellow, Over will not recover=Red)
Customer Satisfaction
(>80% is Green, 65-79% = Yellow, <65% = Red)
Help Desk First Contact Resolution
(>65% is Green, 50-64% = Yellow, <50% = Red)
CIP Compliance
(No self-reports or audit findings = green, self-reports but no audit findings = Yellow, audit findings = Red)
Annual State Audit
(No findings = Green, audit findings = Red)
Annual Independent Audit*
(No findings = Green, audit findings = Red)
W-1 Labor Relations
(No grievances = Green, Grievance Filed = Yellow, Grievance Lost = Red)
W-3 Safety Culture
(No issues = Green, Close Calls = Yellow, Injury = Red)
*Moss Adams 2019 Final Report C-3 C-2
Key Result Area Quarterly Scores Financial
F-1 F-2
KPI Measure KPI
F-3
Workforce Operational
O-1 O-3
*Compliance
C-1
Key Points:
CAPID Project Delivery Date Status Trend Var Status Trend Var Status Trend Var Current Forecast 12/31/20
50,313 $ 313 $ 50,313 $ Previous 12/31/22
50,313 $ 313 $ 50,313 $ 2020 Budget 12/31/20
50,313 $ 313 $ 50,313 $ Original Forecast 12/31/20
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
50,000 $
50,000 $ Previous CY2020
50,000 $
50,000 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
50,000 $
$ Original Forecast CY2020
12/31/21
211,127 $ (211,127) $ 1,163,746 $ 1,212,873 $ 1,374,873 $ Previous 6/30/20
51,987 $ (51,987) $ 1,163,746 $ 1,143,733 $ 1,215,733 $ 2020 Budget 6/30/20
1,163,746 $ 1,063,746 $ 1,163,746 $ Original Forecast
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
139,127 $ (139,127) $ 100,000 $ $149,127 239,127 $ Previous CY2020
20,013 $ 20,013 $ 100,000 $ 79,987 $ 79,987 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
100,000 $
$ Original Forecast CY2020
6/30/21
1,745,128 $ 238,013 $ 1,745,128 $ Previous 6/30/21
1,353,111 $ 104,700 $ 1,353,111 $ 2020 Budget 6/30/21
1,353,111 $ 70,400 $ 1,353,111 $ Original Forecast
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
742,653 $ $167,613 742,653 $ Previous CY2020
742,653 $ 34,300 $ 742,653 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
1,350,632 $
$ Original Forecast CY2020
CS-13-2011 DC Power Conversion Scope Schedule Total Budget Actuals-to-Date Projection Total Variance Budget/Cost
Cost Variance
Forecast/ Baseline Project-to- Date Current Year
Qtr 2 2020 Budget vs Actuals
Project Cost
CS-15-2011 10.13 Firewall Replacements Project-to- Date Current Year SS-26-2019 10.1 Data Management and Modeling Project-to- Date Current Year Fortinet ending support for new equip purchase. Exchange for newer devices extended end date. Project remains signigicantly under or
Capital Project Variance Dashboard
CAPID Project Delivery Date Status Trend Var Status Trend Var Status Trend Var Current Forecast 4/30/22
3,000,000 $ 3,000,000 $ Previous 4/30/22
3,000,000 $ 3,000,000 $ 2020 Budget 4/30/22
3,000,000 $ 3,000,000 $ Original Forecast
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
50,000 $
50,000 $ $900,000
$850,000 Previous CY2020
2,150,000 $
2,150,000 $ $3,000,000
850,000 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
CY2020
12/31/20
14,204 $ 435,000 $ 337,400 $ 420,796 $ Previous 12/31/20
72,131 $ 435,000 $ 165,958 $ 362,869 $ 2020 Budget 12/31/20
435,000 $ 96,813 $ 435,000 $ Original Forecast
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
58,396 $
(58,396) $ 265,587 $ 240,587 $ 323,983 $ Previous CY2020
469 $
(469) $ 265,587 $ 69,145 $ 266,056 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
266,056 $
(266,056) $
$ Original Forecast CY2020
12/31/20
48,600 $ 400,000 $ 69,672 $ $351,400 Previous 12/31/20
48,600 $ 400,000 $ 35,348 $ $351,400 2020 Budget 12/31/20
400,000 $ 14,212 $ 400,000 $ Original Forecast
$
$ Current Forecast CY2020
62,812 $ 400,000 $ 55,460 $ $337,188 Previous CY2020
(184,947) $ 400,000 $ 21,136 $ 584,947 $ 2020 Budget CY2020
400,000 $
$ Original Forecast CY2020
$
$ Variance Explanations Scope Schedule Total Budget Actuals-to-Date Projection Total Variance Budget/Cost
Cost Variance
Forecast/ Baseline
Qtr 2 2020 Budget vs Actuals
Project Cost
SS-27-2019 10.14 Network Core Replacements Project-to- Date Current Year SS-28-2019 10.10 Office 365 Migration Project-to- Date Current Year SS-29-2019 10.12 SharePoint O365 Migration Project-to- Date Current Year New project. Awaiting
causing slip from 2020 to 2021 Original plan had more work completed in 2019. The unspent $s in 2019 were not reallocated for 2020. Total Project cost is on- track. Under budget due to inacurrate coding of Direct Labor to O&M. Expenditure Transfer is pending.
Capital Project Variance Dashboard
(On Track) Office 365, Teams, One Drive, SharePoint Migration. This has been a model project for delivering complex technology in an agile fashion. Factors: Relentless/Rockstar Team, Agile Delivery Model, Rapid product Advancement (On Track) Enterprise Data Lake and Enterprise Analytics/Reporting are now in production. Model project for piloting with business units to flesh out use cases and adopt new way of working. Factors: Business ownership to leverage new tools, partnership with IT to identify needs (Deployed) Cloud hosted Contracts 365 replaced legacy CMapp on-premise solution. This solution is directly integrated with out SharePoint 365 solution. Factors: Partnership with IT and Business to overcome vendor delivery issues.
We have made tremendous progress delivering projects and capabilities laid out in out Technology
pace with schedule targets.
(Delayed to October - 2 months) Complete migration from on-premise Oracle Customer Care & Billing (CC&B) system to Oracle Customer Cloud Services (CCS) adding new Meter Data Management (MDM) capabilities. Factors: Vendor platform and product readiness, Data integrity, Test readiness, Summer vacations (On Hold Pending Business Unit Readiness) Ultipro HCMS has product issues. Team is fighting to wrap Time and Benefits Management (Ø1), holding Recruitment and Compensation (Ø2), Performance Management (Ø3) and Learning Management (Ø4) Factors: Product issues, GCPUD Staffing in HR, Project Manager replacement (Late Kickoff – 2 year project) High risk project to replace legacy electric and fiber design tools and GIS with ESRI based integrated tools from Schneider Electric and ESRI. Factors: Contracting/Negotiation delayed Project formally kicked off to 5/4/2020
We pushed aggressive schedules to drive large strategic business line projects. The teams are working hard to hold the line but giving ground as issues are presented.
Key Challenges:
we work to support the transition to a hybrid cloud delivery model.
the skill sets needed to perform the work.
requiring we hire personnel experienced in the new technology.
We are still learning where the pressure points are for steady state operations of the various technology functions. Service Desk 2 new staff members, 1 on LA to PlatOps Telecom Telecom Engineer (position open) Platform Ops Adding Supervisor, Augmenting heavily with contractors Senior Systems Analyst (Backfill in progress) Software Engineering & Architecture Senior SW Engineer (position open) IT Manager (position open) Evaluating need to full time testers
Powering our way of life.
Andrew Munro, Senior Manager Cliff Sears, Senior Policy Analyst External Affairs & Communications Governmental/Regulatory Affairs
August 11, 2020 Commission Report
Introduction
next legislative session
CETA Overview (SB 5116):
▪ 2025: No coal-fired resource costs can be allocated in rates – Short term (30 days or less) market purchases are exempt from this requirement. ▪ 2030 – 2033 (and each 4-year period thereafter): 100% carbon neutral standard for service to retail electric load ✓ 80% delivered carbon-free power (includes hydro & non-carbon emitting generation). ✓ 20% alternative compliance through either:
✓ Unbundled Renewable Energy Credits (RECs)
▪ $60/MWh fee (for CCNG unit) ▪ Investment in energy transformation activities
✓ Hydropower creates RECs; nuclear does not. ✓ Cost Cap: Incremental cost of compliance, including I-937 costs, ≥ 2% over a 4-year compliance period of a utility’s retail electric revenue requirement. ▪ 2045: 100% absolute zero carbon standard, but no penalty.
CETA Implementation Priorities:
and nonemitting generation” v. UTC delivery standard.
at time of purchase or generation.
RECS are matched with load every 4 years beginning 1/1/2030- 80% requirement.
a delivery to an interconnection point option
unspecified
Commerce approach
vulnerable populations, avoids business loss
market rules and rules in other states (CA and OR).
CETA Implementation Priorities:
statutory intent (not gap filling). Examples that conflict with statute:
(retiring RECs, binding interim targets, compliance reports)
IRP and CEIP
generation, unless necessary to comply with CETA.
market purchases greater than 30 days 1/1/2026-27
Next draft of rules Mid-August. More workshops, meetings and comment letters.
State Government Operations
ranking democrats (Speaker and Senate majority leader)
Act, federal healthcare dollars, minor cost cuts
2021 Session
House Energy and Environment Committee
State Activities:
area)
spots in Grant County)
grants / loans (2021)
risks are avoided:
no duty to serve high cost to serve areas, no pole attachment threats; No franchise and ROW threats for pubic access
Mid-C Coordination:
programs (ETC, reverse auctions, etc.)
federal funding programs
2020 WA Legislative Session
than 25 x 3 mbps
25% to 50% (No ETC).
7160) (No ETC).
Refunding bonds (H.R. 2, S. 4129)
sequestration; (S. 4303 American Infrastructure Bond Act.)
cost or value of incremental hydro efficiency or capacity improvements (The Green Act §90404)
infrastructure investments than energy efficiency and capacity improvements (Under Development).
Rodgers)
Electric Consumers Protection Act (ECPRA – NWPA)
State:
statewide for utility ratepayer assistance
payment charges to a customer support policy approach.
for unemployment claims and $175M for response costs incurred by state and local governments and federally recognized tribes.
Federal:
utility payment protection in the paycheck protection program (PPP) program.
pays 100% of UE costs
relief and supplemental unemployment may be key issues)
EPA Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for Surface Water Temperatures in the Columbia and Snake rivers
point and non-point sources.
agreement
may issue an implementation plan that contains a time frame and reasonable and feasible measures: to comply with or reduce excursions from the allocation, implement selected improvement measures and/or, if justified, modify the applicable standard through a use attainability analysis
Powering our way of life.