10/21/2013 What qualities does someone have who is intelligent? - - PDF document

10/21/2013 1

What qualities does someone have who is

intelligent?

Intelligence: ability to think

rationally, act purposefully, respond to environment

• Fluid reasoning: similar, impossible
• Knowledge: how things work, vocab
• Quantitative reasoning: #s, patterns
• Visual-spatial processing: shapes
• Working memory: order, last digits

IQ (intelligence quotient)

• mental age / chronological age

What attributes are related to success?

• Intelligence, but also:

Motivation Creativity

10/21/2013 2

Heredity (about 50%)

• Genes for memory, brain structures,

neuron communication, disorders

Environment

• Prenatal: nutrition, drugs, stress, sounds
• Postnatal: nutrition, interaction, practice,

enriched environment, disease, toxins, encouragement/pressure

Adopted Twin Studies – who do we get

intelligence from?

best predictor = person who raised you

• Thinking: mental representation
• attention, pattern recognition, memory,

decision-making, intuition, knowledge

• Images: picture representations
• Ex. What you were wearing yesterday
• Ex. (Kinesthetic) remembering dialing
• Concepts: ideas that represent categories
• ex. cup, chair, cat
• Concept formation: classifying by rules
• Ex. vegetable vs. fruit
• conjunctive concepts: at least 2 features

(this and that)

• Ex. rollerskates
• relational concepts: compared to others
• Ex. sister
• disjunctive concepts: at least one
• Ex. a minority
• Thinking in concepts takes no effort, is

immediate, and becomes automatic as we age

10/21/2013 3

• prototypes: most typical representation
• Ex. muscle car
• What kind of music is this?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pR30knJs4Xk
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZXc39hT8t4&feature=arti

stob&playnext=1&list=TLGBFlP9-ZwiI

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x0gRzVPMeW0
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NhKK8Y-wIo
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xDprYZ-tgiA
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x59kS2AOrGM
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2Rch6WvPJE&feature=artis

tob&playnext=1&list=TLov2Am8u_lzo

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nl4opbNt8_E

Create conceptual rules of classifying music into types & pick a prototype Example: Bluegrass music

• conjunctive concepts: 2+ features
• Must have at least a banjo and guitar
• relational concepts: compared to others
• More “breakdowns” than country
• disjunctive concepts: at least one
• Uses a fiddle or mandolin or harmonica
• prototypes: most typical representation
• “Dueling Banjos” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l8reNgcIVFU 1:15

Words and symbols used for thinking and communicating

context: situation phonemes: sounds morphemes: syllables grammar: rules for

meaning

syntax: order of words

10/21/2013 4

Nonverbal gestures

• En route to language, deaf & hearing
• Share objects, share info, requests, show emotion

Words

• Sensitive period: time when learning is done

without effort

9:22-11:24

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSKsID4B VPg&feature=related

What is the difference between language and

communication?

• Video: Monkey talks

bricks

Solutions

• Mechanical: trial & error

Reach a banana

• Understanding: nature of the problem

Hair colorist

• Heuristics: limit possible solutions

Math – greatest common factor

• Insight: mental reorganization; sudden

realization

tube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySMh1mBi3cI

10/21/2013 5

emotional barriers: fear of mistakes

• speaking up in a group

cultural barriers: values that inhibit creativity

• culture which values harmony over innovation

learned barriers / functional fixedness:

conventions, meanings, possibilities

• exfoliator

perceptual barriers: habits, fixed approaches

• approaching a relationship problem

Creativity

• Fluency (#)
• Flexibility (types)
• Originality (new)

Intuition: quick, emotional response When is intuition inaccurate?

• Representativeness: fits our idea

accountant

• Odds

OUR scratcher

• Emotion

medicine

• Framing

majority vs. 51%

10/21/2013 6

How should college admissions be

granted? What kinds of intelligence should be emphasized?